• Food Science and Industry
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.29-35
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• 2012

Japanese apricot (Prunus mume Sieb. et Zucc.) is the national symbol and was once the most important temperate fruit crop in Taiwan. Fruiting cultivars were originally introduced from southern China but commercial production was not significant until the 1970s. Currently 6,400 ha of Japanese apricot orchards distribute on shallow mountain hills in the central and the southern part of the island. Taiwanese commercial fruiting cultivars are plausibly chance seedlings or sports from the early introduction and are very low chilling required for budbreak. Ornamental cultivars have been mainly introduced from Japan but cultivations have been limited in high altitude area due to their high chilling requirement. In 2009, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute's breeding program released the first low chill ornamental cultivar 'Tainung No.2' with a great ornamental potential in subtropical regions. Cultivation and production of Japanese apricot fruit in Taiwan continue to dwindle due to the declining Japanese market share. Ongoing industry transformation to increase domestic consumption and consumer's interest will sustain the future of Japanese apricot in Taiwan.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.21-41
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to identify if psychological temptation, site quality and sense of community influence user's flow and addiction and if causalities among flow, addiction, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are different between Korean and Japanese online games. To perform our research, we use MCSF(Multi-group Confirmatory Factor Analysis) and MSEM(Multi-group Structural Equation Model). The empirical results of SEM(Structural Equation Model) including high-order factor analysis indicate that all of paths in our model are the same for both countries. Therefore, site quality and sense of community have impacts on the flow, while on the other hand, psychological temptation has impacts on the addiction. Customer satisfaction and loyalty are positively related not with the addiction but with the flow. In addition, customer loyalty is significantly influenced by the flow and the customer satisfaction. In Conclusion, the empirical results of MSEM(Multi-group Structural Equation Model) indicate sense of community to flow, flow to loyalty and customer satisfaction to loyalty are different between Korea and Japan. This indicates that companies to penetrate into Japa online game industry should have a concern with Japanese Social and Cultural features and to develop strategies which correspond with Japanese culture.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-87
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• 1985

In 1977, the United States enacted the Magnuson Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MFCMA), which established U.S. Fisheries Conservation Zone (FCZ). The MFCMA grants preference to U.S. harvesters over foreign fleets in the U.S. FCZ. At present, the large stocks of groundfish in the U.S. FCZ off the Alaska coast have been under-utilized in the U.S. domestic market and the fisheries for these groundfish are dominated by foreign fleets. Hence, expected benefits from replacing foreign fisheries by domestic fleets will accrue to the U.S. fishery only by exporting the increased U.S. products to foreign countries. U.S. exports may be dependent on the price levels in the foreign markets raised by the reduced foreign catch from U,S. waters. In this paper, Japanese demand models for Alaska groundfish were estimated. The derived coefficient from the estimated models suggest that a decrease in the Japanese landings from the U.S. FCZ by a thousand metric tons will increase pollock price by 0.017 Yen/kg, cod price by 0.351 Yen/kg, flatfish by 1.074 Yen/kg, and ocean perch by 1.347 Yen/kg in the Japanese market. These results based on percentage would increase 19 percent for pollock price, 11 percent for cod price, 40 percent for flatfish, and 2 percent for ocean perch price.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.51-61
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• 2013

This Paper aims to explore the key factors that drive box-office success in Korean, Chinese and Japanese film market regarding to the storytelling of the movies. At first, I researched the top 20 movies at the box office of Korean, Chinese and Japanese film market from 2007 to 2011.And then I tried to figure out the key factors for the success and the differences among those countries. Usually the purpose of the movie planning in Korea is for the domestic market. In the profit structure of Korean film industry, it is really hard to focus on the overseas film market. In Chinese film market, recently it has been changed a lot especially film genre. The movie liked to watch is melodrama, romantic comedy movie It is being changed to the comedy genre from the war and martial arts movie. And it is emphasized the importance of the scenario in the film production. They want to watch their lives like a real and dreams at the movie and the movie tries to show this trend. In Japanese film market, they made movies in which TV drama, animation and cartoon according to the O.S.M.U. strategy. The movies like to watch are the blockbuster movies, horror movies, thriller movies and melodrama. Comparing with Korea and China, they like movies which show more fantastic and fairy tale imagination.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.35-43
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to seek various plans to maintain the advancement of the overseas and domestic employment scenario through a case analysis of the Japanese industry, which maintains domestic employment while promoting the overseas advancement of companies despite having a similar industrial structure as Korea. The study further intends to derive insightful implications for Japanese manufacturing companies and government policies. Research design, data, and methodology - We selected four companies from the Japanese manufacturing industry. Being companies that were successful in increasing the domestic employment scenario while advancing in overseas markets. We utilized several secondary data sources including Japanese newspapers and report literature. Results - Previous studies have shown a negative relationship between Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or offshoring and domestic employment. However, our results showed this relationship with respect to the Japanese manufacturing industry as follows: 1. FDI for developing overseas markets does not decrease domestic production. If Japanese companies change their strategy from exports to overseas production, there will be a consequent decrease in domestic employment of Multinational Enterprises (MNEs). However, the local production that plans the sales expansion of a foreign market does not substitute domestic production. 2. Several case studies illustrate that, as the production of final goods is expanded in foreign countries, there is a corresponding increase in the export of intermediary goods from Japan. In this case, if the production process of Japanese companies is promoted in foreign markets, the amount of exported material and parts from Japan will consequently increase. 3. It is difficult to consider that the establishment of subsidiary companies in foreign countries by manufacturing companies for wholesale, retail, and services decreases domestic employment. This is because the international development of these industries needs expatriates, expatriate training organizations, and research and development (R&D) activities. 4. When there is overseas demand, the growth of local management activities is expected to increase the work of the overseas business department in the head office in Japan, if competitiveness can be secured for better localization and management speed. 5. The conversion of the domestic manufacturing industry into high value-added production is necessary. The relocation of domestic production to foreign markets decreases domestic employment. To prevent this, the upgradation of domestic production bases, including high value-added production, and R&D capability need to be strengthened. Technology-based companies must develop new technology, patents, processes, and so forth, which require extensive human resources for R&D. Conclusions - Domestic medium-sized companies that are capable of consistently supplying high value-added products should be actively encouraged to deploy into and develop overseas markets. Further, this paper considers the necessity of a guidance policy that provides suggestions for overseas deployment, by the initiation of the government, to companies that cannot do so due to the lack of foreign experience or decisions by the CEO, despite having the relevant capability and technologies to supply high value-added products.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.103-125
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• 2006

Online game business has emerged as the most lucrative entertainment industry, with over 10 million players in South Korea and over 30million in Japan in 2005. While the interactive entertainment market continues to expand, with many new online game publishers entering the market, relatively little theory has been developed about which factors influence online gamers' behavioral intentions (i.e., loyalty, satisfaction, words of mouth, etc.) in this area. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationships among the gamers' satisfaction, trust toward game publishers, the role of online game community, social reputation, and the managerial support of game publishers. We also examine the differences between Korean and Japanese gamers concerning the relationships of these key success factors. The structural model is tested with the data from entire data samples (i.e., Korean and Japanese gamers pooled together) and each of the sub-samples (i.e., Korean and Japanese gamers taken separately). Properties of the causal paths, including standardized path coefficients, the significance of difference, and variance explained for Trust and Satisfaction in the hypothesized model, are presented. Following the model test, we conduct a test of the differences in path coefficients between Korean and Japanese gamers. Statistical results show that, compared to Japanese gamers, Korean gamers had a greater salient effect on Social Reputation in determining. Trust, in addition to placing a greater emphasis on Support of Game Publishers in determining Social Reputation. Other interesting results concerning game Publishers' strategy are also presented.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.6 s.107
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• pp.537-543
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• 2004

Microsatellit markers are considered to be very promising genetic markers for genetic linkage analysis. The majority of the markers are as informative as in Caucasians but there are significant ethnic differences in the genetic variations. In order to investigate the genetic variations in the Korean and Japanese populations and their ethnic differences, 51 microsatellite marker loci spanning the whole human chromosome 1 were arranged from a commercially available set (ABI PRISM Linkage Mapping Set-HD5, Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA), and then determined the allelic frequencies and heterozygosities for these marker loci in the 90 unrelated Korean subjects and 90 unrelated Japanese subjects. Of all 51 markers tested, significant differences were observed when microsatellite allele frequency pattern of Korean was compared with those of Caucasian, while this pattern was highly similar between Korean and Japanese populations. Our data indicate that an extensive verification of public microsatellite markers in a particular population study should be undertaken prior to their linkage studies. Moreover, this information should facilitate genetic linkage studies of various hereditary diseases, especially in the Koreans and Japanese.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.175-201
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• 2008

From near and far, Koren wave(Hallyu) become a familiar term. In Japan, Bae Yong-joon, hero of the phenomenally popular drama "Winter Sonata", "Yonsama", a nickname coined by Japanese fans. So, we research about relationship of attitude on Korean wave, image on Korean product, an attitude on Korean product and purchase intention of Korean product in Japanese market. The results are summarized as follows: First, attitude on Korean wave positive impact on Korean product image. Second, attitude on Korean wave positive impact on attitude on Korean product. Third, image on Korean product significant impact on attitude on Korean product. Fourth, image on Korean product significant impact on purchase intention of Korean product. Finally, attitude on Korean product positive impact on purchase intention of Korean product.

• 한국사회정책
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.201-237
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• 2016

This paper focuses on Korean and Japanese female workers participating in the outside (secondary) labour market, especially with an attention given to two aspects. First, we explain how females are 'more outsiders' than males in the labour market. Secondly, we investigate M-shape in the female labour market participation by focusing on different proportion of non-standard worker. Then, in order to explain why women keep on being more concentrated in the outer side of the labour market, we examine the development of three policies in Korea and Japan since 1990s. Labour market deregulation policy, female employment policy and lastly, family policy are examined as institutional arrangement. Lastly, we discuss on how institutional combination is associated with females' concentration in the outside labour market in Korean and Japanese dual labour market.

• IE interfaces
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.406-413
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• 1999

In this study, we analyzed the innovation pattern of product and process between Korean, Japanese and German chemical firms. To do this study, a mail survey was chosen as the data collection method. For the empirical study, 36 Korean, 35 Japanese and 50 German chemical firms were analyzed. The major results are indicated as follows: (1) The Korean and Japanese firms have focused more on the process innovation, while the German firm have focused more on the product innovation. (2) The Korean and Japanese firms have oriented more to cost saving, while the German firms have oriented more market share. Based on these findings, the Korean firms have no purse simultaneously product and process innovation for strengthening of international. competitiveness, but the direction of the innovation patterns depends on the situations of the nation, industry and company.