• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.183-190
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• 2019

Background: In the Philippines, the practice of planting mangroves over seagrass has been a practice done to promote coastline protection from damages done by storms. Despite the added protection to the coastline, the addition of an artificial ecosystem gradually inflicts damage to the ecosystem already established. In this study, seagrass communities that had no history of mangrove planting were compared with those that had mangrove planting. The percent substrate cover of seagrass in the sampling areas was determined, and the macroinvertebrates present in the sampling areas were also observed. The study was conducted based on reports of mangrove planting activity that disrupted seagrass functions on Santa Fe, Bantayan Island, Cebu. Transect-quadrat method sampling was done to assess the chosen sites. Results: Six species of seagrass was found on the site without mangrove planting which was barangay Ocoy (Cymodocea sp., Thalassia sp., Halodule sp., Enhalus sp., Halophila sp., and Syringodium sp.) and had a higher percent cover, while only four were found on the site with mangrove planting (barangay Marikaban). It was also found that barangay Marikaban had a lesser Shannon-Wiener and Simpson's index compared to barangay Ocoy. Jaccard's index of similarity between the two sites was low. Conclusion: With the results of the assessment, we recommend proper monitoring of future mangrove planting activities and that these activities should not disrupt another ecosystem as all ecosystems are important.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2019

Information retrieval is the challenge of the Web 2.0 world. The experiment of knowledge organisation in the context of abundant information available from various sources proves a major hurdle in obtaining information retrieval with greater precision and recall. The fast-changing landscape of information organisation through social networking sites at a personal level creates a world of opportunities for data scientists and also library professionals to assimilate the social data with expert created data. Thus, folksonomies or social tags play a vital role in information organisation and retrieval. The comparison of these user-created tags with expert-created index terms, author keywords and title words, will throw light on the differentiation between these sets of data. Such comparative studies show revelation of a new set of terms to enhance subject access and reflect the extent of similarity between user-generated tags and other set of terms. The CiteULike tags extracted from 5,150 scholarly journal articles in marine science were compared with corresponding Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts descriptors, author keywords, and title terms. The Jaccard similarity coefficient method was employed to compare the social tags with the above mentioned wordsets, and results proved the presence of user-generated keywords in Aquatic Science and Fisheries Abstracts descriptors, author keywords, and title words. While using information retrieval techniques like stemmer and lemmatization, the results were found to enhance keywords to subject access.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2019년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.657-659
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• 2019

본 논문에서는 피부 이미지에서 건선 병변만을 가장 효과적으로 분할 할 수 있는 분할기법 선별을 목표로 한다. Interactive graph cuts (IGC)와 Level set method (LSM)를 사용하여 건선 영역을 분할한 후 Jaccard Index (JI)와 Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC)을 사용하여 건선 영역에 효과적인 분할 방법을 제안한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2018

Collaborative filtering has been most popular approach to recommend items in online recommender systems. However, collaborative filtering is known to suffer from data sparsity problem. As a simple way to overcome this problem in literature, Jaccard index has been adopted to combine with the existing similarity measures. We analyze performance of such combination in various data environments. We also find optimal weights of factors in the combination using a genetic algorithm to formulate a similarity measure. Furthermore, optimal weights are searched for each user independently, in order to reflect each user's different rating behavior. Performance of the resulting personalized similarity measure is examined using two datasets with different data characteristics. It presents overall superiority to previous measures in terms of recommendation and prediction qualities regardless of the characteristics of the data environment.

• 환경생물
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.228-237
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• 2005

2004년 4월부터 9월까지 총 6개월 동안, 강원대학교 학술림내 연엽산 일대의 딱정벌레목의 출현상을 채집방법에 따라 조사하여 비교하였다. Sweeping에 총35과 151종 690개체가 나타났고, light trap에 30과 148종 689개체가 출현하였으며, 그리고 pitfall trap에는 총18과 112종 1674개체가 채집되었다. 채집방법별 건중량은 pitfall trap (181.46 g), light trap (39.85 g), 그리고 sweeping (10.89 g)의 순으로 나타났다. Light trap으로는 크기가 작고, 비행성이 강한 Coccinellidae, Nitidulidae, Scarabaeidae 등이 주로 출현하였으며, 7월에 종수가 가장 많았다. 또한 pitfall trap의 경우, 크기가 크고, 육식성 또는 부식성인 Carabidae, Silphidae, Staphylinidae종류가 많이 출현하였다. 특히 가장 많은 개체수가 채집되었지만, 종수는 상대적으로 적었다. 그리고 sweeping의 경우 식식성이거나 미소 곤충을 포식하는 작은 크기의 Chrysomelidae, Curculionidae, Coccinellidae등이 많이 출현하였고,5월에 종수가 가장 많았다. 채집방법간 유사도 분석 결과, Jaccard's index의 값이 light trap-pitfall trap에서 0.07, light trap-sweeping에서 0.10,그리고 pitfall trap-sweeping에서 0.01로 상관성이 매우 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 각 채집방법에 따른 효과는 모두 달랐으며, 다양성 연구 시 세 가지 방법 모두를 사용하는 것이 타당하다고 본다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.2826-2840
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• 2018

Traditional methods based active contours or region merging are powerless in processing images with blurring border or hair occlusion. In this paper, a structure based convolutional neural networks is proposed to solve segmentation of skin lesion image. The structure mainly consists of two networks which are segmentation net and discrimination net. The segmentation net is designed based U-net that used to generate the mask of lesion, while the discrimination net is designed with only convolutional layers that used to determine whether input image is from ground truth labels or generated images. Images were obtained from "Skin Lesion Analysis Toward Melanoma Detection" challenge which was hosted by ISBI 2016 conference. We achieved segmentation average accuracy of 0.97, dice coefficient of 0.94 and Jaccard index of 0.89 which outperform the other existed state-of-the-art segmentation networks, including winner of ISBI 2016 challenge for skin melanoma segmentation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2788-2808
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• 2023

Brain tumors are one of the most threatening malignancies for humans. Misdiagnosis of brain tumors can result in false medical intervention, which ultimately reduces a patient's chance of survival. Manual identification and segmentation of brain tumors from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans can be difficult and error-prone because of the great range of tumor tissues that exist in various individuals and the similarity of normal tissues. To overcome this limitation, the Amended Convolutional Neural Network (ACNN) model has been introduced, a unique combination of three techniques that have not been previously explored for brain tumor detection. The three techniques integrated into the ACNN model are image tissue preprocessing using the Kalman Bucy Smoothing Filter to remove noisy pixels from the input, image tissue segmentation using the Isotonic Regressive Image Tissue Segmentation Process, and feature extraction using the Marr Wavelet Transformation. The extracted features are compared with the testing features using a sigmoid activation function in the output layer. The experimental findings show that the suggested model outperforms existing techniques concerning accuracy, precision, sensitivity, dice score, Jaccard index, specificity, Positive Predictive Value, Hausdorff distance, recall, and F1 score. The proposed ACNN model achieved a maximum accuracy of 98.8%, which is higher than other existing models, according to the experimental results.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.273-290
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• 1983

북서 지중해 Fos 해역에서의 해양 오염이 해양 저서 생들에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 Fos 지역의 해저에 발달하고 있는 저서생물군집 Coralligenous Community의 공간분포를 군집생태학적 측면에서 분석하였다. Fos 임해공업단지의 영향하에 있는 3개의 정점을 환경구배에 따라 설정하고(Arnette, Laurons, Auguette)마르세이유 동남쪽 Riou섬 서편 Moyade에 한 개의 대조정점을 택하여 분석한 결과 오염이 심한, Fos 해역의 내만으로 들어갈수록 출현종의 수나 개체수가 감소하는 현상을 관찰할 수 있었다. 또한 종의 다양도, numerical abundance, 다양성 지수 등의 생태학적 제 지수도 오염의 진전에 따라 함께 감소하고 있다. 특히 Fos 해역 가장 안 쪽에 위치하고 있는 Auguette 정점은 인근 대단위 Fos 공업단지의 산업폐수는 물론 도시의 생활하수로부터 심각할 정도로 영향을 받고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 이렇게 선업 폐수와 도시 하수가 복합적으로 작용하여 해양 저서생물에 미치는 영향을 Community Composition, Coralligenous Community 특유의 기능적 측면, 생태군별에 의한 분석 등을 통하여 조사하였다. 기타 Fourfold Point Correlation Coefficient와 Jaccard's Community Coefficient를 이용하여 정점간의 종류사도를 비교 검토하였으며 Coralligenous Community의 하부동물상과의 관계도 아울러 고찰하였다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

The main goal of this study was to determine the genetic diversity among 36 grape cultivars grown in Palestine by using ISSR-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprints. Among the tested primers, 17 produced reasonable amplification products with high intensity and pattern stability. A total of 57 DNA fragments (loci) separated by electrophoresis on agarose gels were detected and they ranged in size, from 150 to 900 bp. Out of these fragments, 55 (88%) were polymorphic and 2 (3.5%) monomorphic. Our results also revealed an average of 3.1 loci per primer. A minimum of 1 and maximum of 10 DNA fragments were obtained (S-17, #820 and #841) and (S-31) primers, respectively. Therefore, the later primer (S-31) is considered to be the most powerful primer among the tested ones. The genetic distance matrix showed an average distance range of between 0.05 and 0.76. The maximum genetic distance value of 0.76 (24% similarity) was exhibited between the (Shami and Marawi.Hamadani.Adi) as well as (Bairuti and Marawi.Hamadani.Adi) genotypes. On the other hand, the lowest genetic distance of 0.05 (95% similarity) was exhibited between (Jandali.Tawel.Mofarad and Jandali. Kurawi.Mlzlz) along with (Shami.Aswad and Shami.mtartash. mlwn) genotypes. Furthermore, the UPGMA dendrogram generally clusters the grape cultivars into eight major clusters in addition to an isolated genotype. Based on these figures, the cultivars tested in this study could be characterized by large divergence at the DNA level. This is taking the assumption that our region has a very rich and varied clonal grape genetic structure.

• Genomics & Informatics
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.4.1-4.8
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• 2022

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a genomic aberration. In some cases, LOH can be generated without changing the copy number, which is called copy-neutral LOH (CN-LOH). CN-LOH frequently occurs in various human diseases, including cancer. However, the biological and clinical implications of CN-LOH for human diseases have not been well studied. In this study, we compared the performance of CN-LOH determination using three commonly used tools. For an objective comparison, we analyzed CN-LOH profiles from single-nucleotide polymorphism array data from 10 colon adenocarcinoma patients, which were used as the reference for comparison with the CN-LOHs obtained through whole-exome sequencing (WES) data of the same patients using three different analysis tools (FACETS, Nexus, and Sequenza). The majority of the CN-LOHs identified from the WES data were consistent with the reference data. However, some of the CN-LOHs identified from the WES data were not consistent between the three tools, and the consistency with the reference CN-LOH profile was also different. The Jaccard index of the CN-LOHs using FACETS (0.84 ± 0.29; mean value, 0.73) was significantly higher than that of Nexus (0.55 ± 0.29; mean value, 0.50; p = 0.02) or Sequenza (0 ± 0.41; mean value, 0.34; p = 0.04). FACETS showed the highest area under the curve value. Taken together, of the three CN-LOH analysis tools, FACETS showed the best performance in identifying CN-LOHs from The Cancer Genome Atlas colon adenocarcinoma WES data. Our results will be helpful in exploring the biological or clinical implications of CN-LOH for human diseases.