• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.111-122
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• 2003

Plants of the genus Hypericum (Family - Hypericaceae) are herbs, shrubs or small trees and are distributed chiefly in the temperate regions of the world. About 400 different species of Hypericum are available throughout the globe and 20 species occur in India, including a few cultivated in gardens. Almost all plants of the genus Hypericum are widely used in folk medicine. Several potent phytoconstituents from different Hypericum species have led to the isolation of antibacterial, antifungal and cytotoxic compounds. With the development of resistance and cross resistance with different microorganisms and the evolution of so many deadly diseases the screening and evaluation of the phytoconstituents so much so the development of varied phytoconstituents for the drug development for these deadly diseases is utmost essential in every aspects. The present review on the antimicrobial use of different Hypericum reports the findings from and extensive literature search on the Hypericum species around the globe that have been assessed for antimicrobial and antiviral activity. An attempt has been made through this review to summarize the information in this aspect in order to highlight the promising species of this genus which are worthy for further investigation as leads for drug development. Over 31 different Hypericum species have been reported to possess such activities with their varied number of phytoconstituents. Sixteen different constituents of six different classes of phytoconstituents have been reported to be present in different varieties of Hypericum, which may be considered responsible for this activity.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the colony count of airborne microbes contamination every hour in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit (NSICU) in order to identify the relationship of colony count to person-visits. Method: Data were collected during from 11:00 a.m. September 5 to 11:00 a.m. September 6, 2002. This study used blood agar & nutrient agar and handtally counter (USA) for collection of airborne microbes and number of person-visits. Data was analyzed using the SPSSWIN 10.0 with means, Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple regression. Result: The result of this study are as follows. Total colony count of airborne microbes for 24 hours in the NSICU was 4,609. Total number of person-visits to the NSICU was 15,347. The highest scores fur the total colony count in different areas of the NSICU was the rear door, followed by the preparation room, and the front entrance, while the lowest count was in the isolation rooms. There was a statistically significant relationship between colony count and number of person-visits to the NSICU. The most frequently airborne microbes in the NSICU were Micrococcus, CNS, Staphylococcus Micrococcus, Aureus. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the number of person-visits in hospitals influences total colony count of airborne microbes. This study contributes to assessment of biological indoor air quality in hospital and in the development of an NSICU care plan.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.42.1-42.16
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• 2021

Background: Inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) is an economically important viral disease primarily affecting broiler and breeder chickens. All 12 serotypes of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) can cause IBH. Objectives: To characterize FAdV isolates based on phylogenetic analysis, and to study the pathogenicity of FAdV-8b in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens following virus inoculation via oral and intramuscular (IM) routes. Methods: Suspected organ samples were subjected to virus isolation and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for FAdV detection. Hexon gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were performed on FAdV-positive samples for serotype identification. One FAdV-8b isolate, UPM/FAdV/420/2017, was selected for fiber gene characterization and pathogenicity study and was inoculated in SPF chickens via oral and IM routes. Results: The hexon gene phylogenetic analysis revealed that all isolates belonged to FAdV-8b. The fiber gene-based phylogenetic analysis of isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 supported the grouping of that isolate into FAdV species E. Pathogenicity study revealed that, chickens infected with UPM/FAdV/420/2017 via the IM route had higher clinical score values, higher percent mortality, higher degree of the liver lesions, higher antibody response (p < 0.05), and higher virus shedding amounts (p < 0.05) than those infected via the oral route. The highest virus copy numbers were detected in liver and gizzard. Conclusions: FAdV-8b is the dominant FAdV serotype in Malaysia, and pathogenicity study of the FAdV-8b isolate UPM/FAdV/420/2017 indicated its ability to induce IBH in young SPF chickens when infected via oral or IM routes.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.381-389
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• 2019

Chlorella vulgaris was isolated from the Nile River, Qalubia Governorate, Egypt, for possible use in biodiesel production. BG-II nutrient growth media was used for isolation and laboratory growth. Identification was performed via 18S rRNA gene amplification, followed by sequencing. The alga was exposed to UV-C (254 nm) for 15, 30, and 45 s to improve dry weight accumulation and to increase the oil production. Daily measurements of dry weight ($g{\cdot}l^{-1}$) were performed; oil content and volumetric lipid productivity were also determined. UV-C exposure led to an increase in the volumetric lipid productivity by 27, 27.3, and $32.4mg{\cdot}l^{-1}{\cdot}d^{-1}$ with 15, 30, and 45 s, respectively, as compared with the control, which resulted in $18mg{\cdot}l^{-1}{\cdot}d^{-1}$. Of the examined mutants, the one with the highest productivity was re-irradiated by UV-C (254 nm) for 15, 30, 45, and 60 s. For 15 s of exposure time, the oil content increased to 34%, while it was 31% at 30 s; further, it decreased to 22% at 45 and 60 s exposures. The fatty acid methyl ester profile was 82.22% in the first mutant at 45 s, compared with the wild strain that contained a total of 66.01% of FAs. Furthermore, the highest levels of polyunsaturated fatty acid methyl ester were observed in the mutant exposed for 45 s, and it reached 11.41%, which reduced the cetane number to 71.3.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2022

Purpose: This study presents the results of the analysis on space utilization of kidney dialysis units in regional public hospitals, which plays a key role in local public medical services. The result aims to achieve safety from infection, allow comfort for the dialysis environment, and stability for medical support. The purpose of this study is to present fundamental data for architectural plans for the kidney dialysis unit, as well as to alleviate potential infectious diseases such as COVID-19. Methods: For research purposes, the investigation and analysis of space utilization were based on architectural floor plans, research papers and literature, related legal systems, and public statistics. Of the main 35 regional public hospitals, in regards to data accessibility, 15 facilities were selected to conduct the survey and analysis for the objective. Results: The space composition by area research results of kidney dialysis units in public hospitals are as follows: Firstly, most targets do not have required rooms in the access and support area, except for the hemodialysis beds in the treatment section. Secondly, the access area requires necessary room and space design that took into consideration of convenience and accessibility for patients. Thirdly, in regards to infection prevention and control, proper circulation and room plan is essential for storage and disposal of contaminated products and linen after use. For the treatment area, the arrangement plan needs to establish a visual connection between the isolation room, the nursing station, and the bed area. Additionally, consideration of circulation in the preparation, treatment, observation, examination, and all other rooms in the facility is required. Lastly, for the support area, the room is designed to consider adequate working and meeting spaces for the medical staff, consultation space for patients or guardians, separate storage and disposal of clean and contaminated items, and the storage of various equipment for dialysis. Implications: In preparation for the increase in chronic kidney failure patients and the spread of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, the researched data demonstrates the basic guidelines for space composition of kidney dialysis units and the significant role of regional public hospitals.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.43-51
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• 2023

Purpose: To accommodate the increasing number of patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous portable HEPA filter units (PHUs) were installed in the general wards of existing medical facilities(EMFs) to convert them into emergency conversion facilities (ECFs). The purpose of this study was to build a dataset in preparation for emerging infectious diseases in the post-COVID-19 era by analyzing the construction and operation of ECFs. Methods: Field investigations were conducted during ECF operation periods based on the analysis of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HAVC) system design documents for six ECFs across Korea. Interviews were conducted with facility managers during the field investigations. Results: When constructing an ECF within an EMF, the installation status and characteristics of the existing system should be considered. Field investigations and verifications of the operation of HAVC systems must be conducted beforehand for smooth ECF operations. If heating and cooling are required with indoor air circulation type equipment in an ECF zone, the implementation of a heating and cooling method that can satisfy the comfort requirements of the occupants while minimizing cross-contamination is essential. When using PHUs that do not meet the performance standards required by medical equipment, the noise level resulting from such equipment operation must be evaluated and improved. Implications: For EMFs, various guidelines that can be referred to for the construction and operation of ECFs must be developed to prepare for emerging infectious diseases in the future.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.480-490
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• 2003

An innovative biopolymer known as the Rhizobian gum has been developed in France, which shows some dramatic refreshing effect on the skin. The origin of this innovative project takes its source in the natural environment, and in particular the natural environment of the roots of sunflowers and wheat, where a symbiotic bacterium has been discovered. It is a Rhizobium bacterium, which is hosted by the roots, and which is able to synthesize a specific polymer showing a dramatic water binding capacity. This polymer is in particular synthesized in period of drought, and its biological role is to concentrate the small amount water present in the soil in order to take it available for the root, which becomes then able to absorb it. This vital mechanism allows the plant to survive despite a severe climatic environment. This basic research has been conducted in collaboration whit the French National centre of scientific Research (CNRS), and has lead to the isolation of the Rhizobium bacteria. Rhizobian gum is a branched biopolymer consisting in the repetition of a polysaccharide unit of 3 molecules of glucose, 3 molecules of galactose and 1 molecule of glucuronic acid, whit one pyruvate group an average 1.6 acetyl groups. The fresh effect of Rhizobian gum is a strong sensorial impact that 100 ％ of the consumers are able to perceive, and which is judged very pleasant by most of them. In addition to this, a large majority of consumers are perceived, and which is judge very pleasant by most of them. In addition to this, a large majority of consumers also feel a very pleasant relaxing sensation. Smoothness and softness are also felt by most consumers and qualified positively by most of them. These qualities guarantee a strong impact on today's consumers.

• Proceedings of the SCSK Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.50-60
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• 2003

An innovative biopolymer known as the Rhizobian gum has been developed in France, which shows some dramatic refreshing effect on the skin. The origin of this innovative project takes its source in the natural environment, and in particular the natural environment of the roots of sunflowers and wheat, where a symbiotic bacterium has been discovered. It is a Rhizobium bacterium, which is hosted by the roots, and which is able to synthesize a specific polymer showing a dramatic water binding capacity. This polymer is in particular synthesized in period of drought, and its biological role is to concentrate the small amount water present in the soil in order to take it available for the root, which becomes then able to absorb it. This vital mechanism allows the plant to survive despite a severe climatic environment. This basic research has been conducted in collaboration whit the French National centre of scientific Research (CNRS), and has lead to the isolation of the Rhizobium bacteria. Rhizobian gum is a branched biopolymer consisting in the repetition of a polysaccharide unit of 3 molecules of glucose, 3 molecules of galactose and 1 molecule of glucuronic acid, whit one pyruvate group an average 1.6 acetyl groups. The fresh effect of Rhizobian gum is a strong sensorial impact that 100 ％ of the consumers are able to perceive, and which is judged very pleasant by most of them. In addition to this, a large majority of consumers are perceived, and which is judge very pleasant by most of them. In addition to this, a large majority of consumers also feel a very pleasant relaxing sensation. Smoothness and softness are also felt by most consumers and qualified positively by most of them. These qualities guarantee a strong impact on today's consumers.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2022

Although the magnitude of the disturbance caused by the driving of the motor operated to secure the high-speed and precise directivity of the antenna is small, it acts as a major cause of impairing the image quality of the observation satellite, which requires precision directing performance. In order to acquire high-resolution image information through the improvement of the high-resolution observation satellite, proper vibration isolation and reduction design are required so that jitter generated when the directional antenna motor is driven is not transmitted to the main mission equipment. In this paper, the development process of the directional antenna vibration reduction device applied to real satellites and the effect of micro vibration reduction before and after application will be examined. This device was designed as a way to significantly improve the jitter problem by replacing only one gear in the directional antenna driving unit with a spring damper gear without any additional interface equipment. It was first applied and launched to a high-resolution earth observation satellite, and has been successfully operated so far.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.356-369
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• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study was to explore healthcare providers' experiences in managing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and its impact on healthcare services. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with 34 healthcare professionals across 15 districts in Bangladesh. Among the participants, 24 were health managers or administrators stationed at the district or upazila (sub-district) level, and 10 were clinicians providing care to patients with COVID-19. The telephone interviews were conducted in Bangla, audio-recorded, transcribed, and then translated into English. Data were analyzed thematically. Results: Most interviewees identified a range of issues within the health system. These included unpreparedness, challenges in segregating COVID-19 patients, maintaining isolation and home quarantine, a scarcity of intensive care unit beds, and ensuring continuity of service for non-COVID-19 patients. The limited availability of personal protective equipment, a shortage of human resources, and logistical challenges, such as obtaining COVID-19 tests, were frequently cited as barriers to managing the pandemic. Additionally, changes in the behavior of health service seekers, particularly increased aggression, were reported. The primary motivating factor for healthcare providers was the willingness to continue providing health services, rather than financial incentives. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic presented a unique set of challenges for health systems, while also providing valuable lessons in managing a public health crisis. To effectively address future health crises, it is crucial to resolve a myriad of issues within the health system, including the inequitable distribution of human resources and logistical challenges.