• 환경영향평가
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.445-452
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• 2009

This study surveys the surface water environment in Southwest sea areas of Vietnam in order to evaluate the current environment. It collects and analyzes experimental results of programs, scientific subjects, and international projects relevant to ecological areas and coastlines of Kien Giang province. The methods analyzed and discussed by specialists are evaluated according to pollution coefficients established by the World Health Organization (WHO), sampling methods, and case study analyses. Comparison between the scale of pollution levels and the surface water quality in experimental areas of Long Xuyen Quadrangle shows a light-moderate pollution level. In Ca Mau Peninsula, the surface water source is only slightly polluted. Sea areas and islands are also light-moderately polluted. Computing results from water quality indices (WQI) show the level of pollution in experimental sites. Activities such as constructing infrastructures for tourism, exploiting minerals, and increasing population accelerate environmental pollution by deteriorating inherently sensitive ecosystems like corals, sea grass, mangrove swamps, and Melaleuca forests. Surveying and evaluating the present situation of surface water are fundamental solutions for environmental protection in the Southwest sea areas of Vietnam.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.323-331
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• 2020

The study aims to assess the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade (export and import) on Vietnam's economic growth for the 2000-2018 period. Secondary data is taken from the General Statistics Office of Vietnam. Ordinary least-square method is used in analyzing the impact of FDI, export and import on economic growth of Vietnam. Empirical test results show that FDI and international trade are related to Vietnam's economic growth. However, each economic variable has a different impact. FDI has a positive and statistically significant influence on economic growth of Vietnam. Export also has positive and statistically significant impact to the economic growth, while import has a negative but not statistically significant effect. The result is useful for the policy makers of Vietnam on foreign economic relations. In order to improve the effect of FDI and international trade on growth of the economy, the government of Vietnam should: (1) continue applying preferential policies to attract FDI; (2) select foreign investors aiming to quality, efficiency, high technology and environmental protection; (3) continue pursuing export-oriented policy; (4) enhance the added value of exported goods and control the type of imported goods; (5) further liberalize trade through signing and implementation of international trade commitments.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.85-90
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• 2001

The conflicts between environment protection and economic development are becoming increasingly important in environmental decision making of Nakdong River Basin. A science-based evaluation system is now needed to represent both the environmental values and the economic values with a common measure. EMERGY, spelled with an \"m\" evaluates both the work of river and that of human in generating products and services. The monetary cost-benefit analysis and the environmental accounting by EMERGY analysis were applied to determine whether there will have a net benefit in environmental decision making of Nakdong River Basin. Based on the results of the environmental accounting, all alternatives which related to environmental decision making of Nakdong River Basin show that more and more of EMERGY cost becomes needed than the a EMERGY benefit from getting water to drink in the lower basin. From these results, for selecting alternatives to manage water quantity and quality that is sustainable in the environmental use and economic development, environmental accounting concepts must be considered, and the economic structure of Nakdong River Basin should be changed from the present industrial structure to social-economic based on ecological-recycling concept for the sustainable use of Nakdong River.ong River.

• International Journal of Ocean System Engineering
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.37-49
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• 2012

An analysis of potential flooding by storm surge and wave run-up and overtopping can be used to evaluate protection afforded by the existing storm protection system. The analysis procedure can also be used to evaluate various protection alternatives for providing typhoon flood protection. To determine risk, the storm surges for both historical and hypothetical are compiled with tide conditions to represent high, slack and low water for neap, spring and mid range tides to use with the statistical procedure known as the Empirical Simulations Technique (EST). The EST uses the historic and hypothetical events to generate a large population of life-cycle databases that are used to compute mean value maximum storm surge elevation frequency relationships. The frequency-of-occurrence relationship is determined for all relevant locations along the shoreline at appropriate locations to identify the effect using the Empirical Storm Simulation (EST). To assist with understanding the process, an example is presented for a study of storm surge analysis for Freeport, Texas. This location is in the Gulf of Mexico and is subject to hurricanes and other tropical storms that approach from the Atlantic Ocean.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1235-1246
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• 2017

This study aims to analyze and compare the environmental attitude level and characteristics of interest groups, including visitors, local residents, and local public servants (Cheongsong-gun), in Juwangsan National Park. A statistical analysis of 418 questionnaires concluded that there was no statistically significant gender difference in the level of environmental attitude between the visitors, local residents, and local public servants. In the case of visitors, no significant difference was found in the level of environmental attitude according to age and occupation, but the level of environmental attitude of local residents showed a significant difference according to age and occupation. In general visitors, local residents, and local public servants all scored above the mid point on average, but no statistically significant difference in environmental attitude was observed between these groups. Therefore, it is concluded that mutual consensus can be derived from these interest groups to strengthen the protection of Juwangsan National Park.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.97-115
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• 2015

For the purpose of protecting the health of citizens and creating a delightful environment, the Government shall establish the environmental standards, and make such standards keep their propriety according to any changes in environmental conditions. The Special Metropolitan City, Metropolitan City or Do may, in case where deemed necessary in view of the speciality of regional environments, set forth the separate environmental standards which are more expanded and strengthened than the environmental standards by the Municipal Ordinance of the relevant City/Do. The purpose of this study was for the management of stream waters of Jeju Island and proposed the appropriate Jeju local river environmental standards. Jeju-Do and Daejeon-si applies the Local River Environmental Standards in Korea. While each nation? circumstances and environment are different, for the most part, environmental standards and purposes of use are similar to those in Korea. Proposed Jeju River Local Environment Standards followed The River Environment Standards of Nation(Korea) for Living Environment Standards. Newly Strengthened Value is Cd, Carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethene, Tetrachloroethylene(PCE) and add Items is Fluorine, Selenium, Phenol and Toluene for Human Health Protection.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1049-1057
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• 2018

This study aims to analyze and compare environmental attitudes of interest groups, including visitors, local residents, Buddhist monks, and staff of the Korea National Park Service in Gayasan National Park. To achieve this purpose, five hypotheses were formulated and tested. While three hypotheses were statistically rejected, two were accepted. In every interest group, the environmental attitude level of women was higher than that of men. Local residents particularly showed statistically significant differences in accordance with occupation. The difference in environmental attitude between visitors and local residents was not statistically significant. Finally, the environmental attitude level between interest groups was divided into three groups. The staff of the Korea National Park Service showed the highest level of environmental attitude, followed by Buddhist monks, and a group of visitors and residents recorded the lowest. However, the average level of environmental attitude of every interest group scored above the mid-point of 3. Therefore, it can be concluded that there exists no difference between or conflicts among interest groups related to strengthening conservation and management policies regarding the protection of Gayasan National Park.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(환경)
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• pp.402-403
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• 1994

There are three different approaches to chemical risk assessment which will be considered in this paper. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) Cancer Risk Assessment includes some of the approaches used by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) effort is an evaluated database approach similar to that used in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Criteria Documents and in the documentations prepared by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for the Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) and those of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) for the Threshold Limit Values (TLVs). A third approach is used by the Committee on Toxicology.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.891-899
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• 2012

The chlorination pattern of naphthalene vapor when passed through a 1 cm particle bed of 0.5% (mass) copper (II) chloride ($CuCl_2$) mixed with silicon dioxide ($SiO_2$) was studied. Gas streams consisting of 92% (molar) $N_2$, 8% $O_2$ and 0.1% naphthalene vapor were introduced to an isothermal flow reactor containing the $CuCl_2/SiO_2$ particle bed. Chlorination of naphthalene was studied from 100 to $400^{\circ}C$ at a gas velocity of 2.7 cm/s. Mono through hexachlorinated naphthalene congeners were observed at $250^{\circ}C$ whereas a broader distribution of polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) including hepta and octachlorinated naphthalenes was observed at $300^{\circ}C$. PCN production was peak at $250^{\circ}C$ with 3.07% (molar) yield, and monochloronaphthalene (MCN) congeners were the major products at two different temperatures. In order to assess the effect of a residence time on naphthalene chlorination, an experiment was also conducted at $300^{\circ}C$ with a gas velocity of 0.32 cm/s. The degree of naphthalene chlorination increased as a gas velocity decreased.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.385-396
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• 2013

National park, as a natural park, has a dual purpose, to promote both protection and enjoyment. The educational activities of the national park can be partly understood as one of the appropriate means to balance its double purposes. This study provides a review of environmental education in the US National Parks according to social transition. Taking historical perspective and case studies, environmental education has played roles in helping the balance between preservation and enjoyment. Since the environmental movement, environmental education goals, particularly understanding the natural processes observable at national parks, has become more a part of the interpretation and education missions of the parks. Also non-governmental and non-profit partners have played important educational-based roles in support of both the National Parks Service and environmental education goals. The two different models also differ in the public's perception of them. Federal employees are resented in some rural areas in the U.S., but the general population automatically attributes authority, friendliness, and national-interestedness to NPS Rangers. This may in turn limit how strongly such staff could serve as strong advocates for the environment. On the other hand, the non-profit may be seen by some as strongly liberally biased and associated with urban wealth. It is also not as universally recognized as the NPS. It can, however, go far to develop new partnerships and undertake public relations. Non-profits vary greatly in quality, also affecting public perception.