• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.47-54
• /
• 2001

Similar patterned fire incidents such as, Inchon Live-Hof Pub Restaurant as, Sea-land Children Resort have proven that serious loss of lives were caused by hazardous gas generated from a combustion of interior finish and decorative materials. Therefore, comparing Korean fire regulation with other countries fire code, e.g. UK, USA, France about limitation of interior finish and decorative materials in premises as assemblies, differences & problems have been int estimated and analyzed on hew serious they may affect on fire spread and smoke development based on analyze facts. It is suggested that Korean fire code would be revised in order to reduce hazardous interior finish materials from special occupancy and adapted new test methods to verify proper fire performance in premises as assembles which require a fire certificate. Finally, detailed code alternatives will be suggested in order to set up effective fire regulation, which could promote preventing serious loss of lives in future.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
• /
• 2000.04a
• /
• pp.75-79
• /
• 2000

• Composites Research
• /
• v.21 no.4
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2008

This paper explains fire safety tests of a hybrid composite train carbody with carbon/epoxy sandwich bodyshell and stainless steel underframe. In this study, a large scale mock-up was used to evaluate the fire safety of the composite train carbody. The test was conducted to the bare composite carbody mock-up without interior facilities and the fully equipped one. Tile fire propagation and temperature distribution of the carbon/epoxy bodyshell and the glass phenol interior panels was evaluated under the real fire accident scenario. The test scenario was based on the DaeGu subway fire accident. From the tests, both the surface temperature of the interiors and the composite bodyshell wore lower than tile ignition temperature. In addition, the fire spread along the surface of the interiors and bodyshell was not occurred.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.36-43
• /
• 2001

Several types of widely used interior upholsteries including wallpaper, veneer board and floor cover, were selected to be evaluated by using the method of NES 713 text. Test results indicates that a fire with retardant wallpaper release a large amount of toxic gases when constantly exposed to a fire source. When evaluated in terms of the masses of released gases, the release of Carbon monoxide appears the highest in case of wallpaper fire, while the ratio of CO/Mass loss appears the highest in case of floor cover fire. Therefore, it can be concluded that, a large amount of toxic gas will release from a floor cover fire with even a small quantity of fuel.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.100-107
• /
• 2001

A Interior material, a main cause of fire-growth and generating toxic gas when it burns, should be dealt with great care in life safety design. Nonetheless, it has been used recklessly with undue attention to its contribution to fire in particular in entertainment occupancy and causes many victims in fire. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the current use of interior material in Korea and find out what to be improved and enhanced in terms of related regulations. Based on the comparison and analysis of the Korea regulation with those of advanced nations, suggestions are made for an effective and efficient improvement and complement to the current system. What can be suggested from this study are as follows. The use of interior material should be controlled under the unified regulation of fire-safety codes. Code should be set up so that the current construction enforcement should be applied in retroactive to those entertainment buildings that obtained a license prior to the implementation of the system certifying that the building is fire-resistant and fire-protective. The legislation should be made to control the fire-protection facilities of small-sized, underground entertainments. It should be obliged to present the blueprint displaying the use of interior material at the time of changing occupancy. Or, it should be compelled to report changes that go way without permit to the administrative office. A compulsory provision should be set up to have a fire-resistant performance to movable furniture. The classification index designating the fire hazard of interior material by flame spread rate and smoke toxicity and its test method should be established.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2007.11a
• /
• pp.982-988
• /
• 2007

The input data for the interior material of the train is one of the key points for enhancing the accuracy of fire simulation. In this study, we investigated the Fire Test Methods for the Fire Dynamic Simulator modeling for railroad passenger trains. We should get the thermal inputs such as ignition temperature, conductivity, specific heat, vaporization heat, effective heat release. With the simple conduction model for cone-calorimeter test, they could get more than HRR. Kinds of methodology were introduced for better thermal data for real material.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.206-212
• /
• 2009

Chemical behaviors of each surface material for interior facilities affect to fire initiation and growth in general fire situation. These chemical behaviors were characterized by thermal properties (Heat release rate, Pyrolysis rate, specific heat, etc) which could be derived from experimental test. Especially, Heat release rate which indicates aspect of fire size is one of the most important property to asses fire hazard and protection needs. The cone calorimeter test (ISO 5660) has recently assumed to a dominant role in bench scale fire testing to obtain the Heat release rate of materials. This value could be calculated by the 'Oxygen Consumption Method' under various producing irradiances to each surface of materials. In this study, Process of the cone calorimeter test was simulated by Pyrolysis model of FDS (Fire Dynamics Simulator by NIST) base on the ISO 5660 international standard. Then, we could estimate the simulation method of FDS in case of single materials through the comparative study with test results.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2014

It is necessary to enhance its availability and reliability of performance based fire design of building with various type of database such as experiments, survey and fire properties and so on. In order to utilize to the performance based fire design, the present study has been performed a series of experiments to investigate the burning characteristics of building materials for two types of interior board and three types of interior louver. The burning test has been also conducted for different thickness because it may show different characteristics of burning behavior such as flame spread rate and flame propagation time. The result shows that the effective heat release per unit mass of interior materials were almost constant with 15.3~16.9 MJ/kg regardless of its thickness while the peak heat release rate and maximum $CO_2$ concentration was varied with thickness.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2006.11b
• /
• pp.174-179
• /
• 2006

In this study, we compared Oxygen Index by ISO 4589-2 with Fire Spread by ISO 5658-2. The result shows that the tset values of Fire Spread such as IT, CFE, Qsb have mutual relations with thoses of Oxygen Index values in some samples. And we found that the tset values of Fire Spread make up for the insufficient points of Oxygen Index has its limits to evaluate the properties of fire for the interior materials of the railroad vehicles.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.25 no.2
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 2011

The ultimate purpose of this study is to improve the irrational system related to flame retardant coating performance test of field flame retardant coating articles and to secure the reliability of flame retardant coating through rational flame retardant coating test. To achieve this, the analysis was conducted on the interior finishing materials used in the interior fields and the trends of recent field flame retardant coating, based on the results of flame retardant coating performance test of field flame retardant coating articles which the first-line fire stations have recently conducted. And I attempted to present the methods of field flame retardant coating performance test suitable to current realities and the ways of improvement for securing reliability by analyzing the problems with the methods and procedures of field flame retardant coating articles and the registration system of flame retardant coating business.