• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.320-329
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• 2009

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of metal primers and thermocycling on shear bond strength between the orthodontic bracket and gold alloy. Methods: For this study, 80 specimens made of dental gold alloy were divided into 8 groups based on the combination of metal primers (none, Alloy primer, Metaltite, V-primer) and thermocycling (with and without thermocycling). Shear bond strength testing was performed with a universal testing machine. Bond failure sites were classified by a modified ARI (Adhesive Remnant Index) score. Results: All metal primer treated groups showed a significantly higher shear bond strength than the only sandblasting treated group without thermocycling (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences on shear bond strength in the groups with thermocycling (p > 0.05). Bond failure sites of the metal primer treated group without thermocycling occurred at gold alloy/adhesive interface, whereas there were no differences on bonding failure sites in the groups with thermocycling. Conclusions: These findings suggest that using metal primer on gold alloy enhances the initial bracket bond strength. But, this effect was not shown with thermocycling.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.112-120
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• 2014

Purpose: This study compared the shear bond strength of heat pressed and feldspathic porcelain to metal. Through thermocycling, the clinical aspect of heat pressed porcelain fused metal was estimated. Materials and Methods: 90 non-precious metal specimens were made ($4{\times}4{\times}8 mm$) and divided to three groups. All spicimens were treated and built-up with the porcelain ($4{\times}4{\times}3 mm$) by 2 different methods according to group: Group I: $Inspiration^{(R)}$, Group II: Ivoclar, IPS $Inline^{(R)}PoM$, Group III: GC Initial IQ-One $Body^{(R)}PoM$. The half of each group's specimens were thermocycled. All specimens' shear bond strength were measured by Instron universal testing machine. Exact measuring point was far 1 mm from porcelain/metal interface to the porcelain side. For the statistical analysis, 2-way ANOVA was used. Results: In no-thermocycling specimens, the shear bond strength showed no statistical significance between each group (P > 0.05). In comparison between nothermocycling and thermocycling specimens in each group, the shear bond strength was decreased according to thermocycling, but there was no statistical significance (P > 0.05). In thermocycling specimens, there was no statistical significance between each group (P > 0.05). Conclusion: In feldspathic porcelain and other two types heat pressed porcelain, there was no statistical difference in the shear bond strength of porcelain to metal. The heat pressed porcelain seems to be clinically useful for the aspect of the shear bond strength.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.6
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• pp.457-465
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• 2014

This paper introduces a test bed for communication protocol schemes of underwater acoustic sensor network, and also shows experimental results obtained from the test bed. As a testing protocol, carrier sense multiple access/collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) is evaluated on underwater acoustic channel. A sensor node is equipped with a DSP control board of ATmega2560 and a commercial underwater modem produced by Benthos. The control board not only manipulates a GPS signal to acquire the information of location and time, but also controls the underwater modem to operate according to the procedure designed for a given testing protocol. Whenever any event takes place such as exchanging control/data packets between underwater modems and acquiring location and timing information, each sensor node reports them through radio frequency (RF) air interface to a central station located on the ground. The four kinds of packets for CSMA/CA, RTS(Request To Send), CTS(Clear to Send), DATA, ACK(Acknowledgement) are designed according to the underwater communication environment and are analyzed through the lake experiment from the point of feasibility of CSMA/CA in underwater acoustic communications.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.390-395
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• 2004

The iSTMS is a web-based integrated information system supporting Pre-Service and In-Service Inspection(PSI/ISI) processes for the nuclear power plants of KHNP(Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co. Ltd.). The system provides a full spectrum coverage of the inspection processes from the planning stage to the final report of examination in accordance with applicable codes, standards, and regulatory requirements. The major functions of the system includes the inspection planning, examination, reporting, project control and status reporting, resource management as well as objects search and navigation. The system also provides two dimensional or three dimensional visualization interface to identify the location and geometry of components and weld areas subject to examination in collaboration with database applications. The iSIMS is implemented with commercial software packages such as database management system, 2-D and 3-D visualization tool, etc., which provide open, updated and verified foundations. This paper describes the key functions and the technologies for the implementation of the iSIMS.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.9-19
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• 2021

Electronic voting has been recognized as an alternative to complement the limitations of existing paper voting. At the same time, security concerns are being raised. This paper presents a blockchain-based electronic voting and survey system that can guarantee reliability. Our smart contract was created using Solidity on Ethereum which is a blockchain-based distributed computing platform, and the system was implemented in connection with the Javascript based user interface. In addition, in order to protect the personal information of participants, the system is generating hash of the personal data and storing the hash of users for the contract data. Since we exploited different kinds of languages for the system, we derived items of functionality testing and presented the functionality testing result. Moreover, we made use of the Chrome's performance evaluation functionality to see the response time of the blockchain-based system. In addition, we compared the performance with the system which has the same functionality on database. The contribution of this research is design and implementation of blockchain-based electronic voting system and presentation of the functionality and performance simulation result.

• Journal of Advanced Technology Convergence
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.17-27
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• 2024

This study focuses on the development and evaluation of a chatbot system based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) framework to enhance community participation among elderly individuals with mild dementia in South Korea. The study involved 12 elderly participants who were living alone and had been diagnosed with mild dementia, along with 15 caregivers who were actively involved in their daily care. The development process included a comprehensive needs assessment, system design, content creation, natural language processing using Transformer Attention Algorithm, and usability testing. The chatbot is designed to offer personalized activity recommendations, reminders, and information that support physical, social, and cognitive engagement. Usability testing revealed high levels of user satisfaction and perceived usefulness, with significant improvements in community activities and social interactions. Quantitative analysis showed a 92% increase in weekly community activities and an 84% increase in social interactions. Qualitative feedback highlighted the chatbot's user-friendly interface, relevance of suggested activities, and its role in reducing caregiver burden. The study demonstrates that an ICF-based chatbot system can effectively promote community participation and improve the quality of life for elderly individuals with mild dementia. Future research should focus on refining the system and evaluating its long-term impact.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.34 no.4 s.105
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• pp.333-342
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a plasma arc light and light emitting diode (LED), compared with shear bond strength and the failure pattern of brackets bonded with visible light in direct bonding. Brackets were bonded with Transbond XT to 60 human premolars embedded in the resin blocks according to different light-curing methods. Then, the shear bond strength of each group was measured using a universal testing machine (Instron) and the adhesive failure pattern after debonding was visually examined by light microscope. The results were as follows: 1. The shear bond strength showed no significant difference between the visible light and light emitting diode, but the plasma arc light exhibited a significantly lower shear bond strength compared with the visible light and light emitting diode. 2. In the visible light and light emitting diode, adhesive failure patterns were similar. Bond failure occurred more frequently at the enamel-adhesive interface. 3. The bonding failure of brackets bonded with plasma arc light occurred more frequently at the bracket-adhesive interface. The results of this study suggest that plasma arc light, light emitting diode and visible light are all clinically useful in the direct bonding of orthodontic brackets.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02b
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• pp.131-135
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• 2008

Nowadays various information devices using electronic technology has been released. And these digital devices will be continuously developed to make a satisfaction of customer's needs. So digital device will support network service using communication technology, so users will use the internet service anywhere, anytime. Also the networked device which is used in ubiquitous computing environment should be evaluated by new evaluation framework. Therefore previous usability evaluation framework need to reflect the characteristics of ubiquitous computing. However most of pervious research about ubiquitous computing was about conceptual issues like rules and characteristics of ubiquitous computing, so the research of usability testing and evaluation method for ubiquitous computing is rarely conducted. This research's purpose is developing the evaluation framework for ubiquitous computing device and usability model for ubiquitous computing. To develop the evaluation framework, we collect the evaluation indexes which have need used in GUI evaluation And we extract evaluation indexes for ubiquitous computing based on literature review.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.29-65
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• 2009

This study is The Effect of the on the purchase behavior of the Software Quality. To have purchased the software in a Consumer surveys were conducted. The following is a summary of results of this research. First, the software quality and significant consumer purchasing behavior (+) of influence. Functionality, usability, portability of software quality attributes the impulse buying and buy more of both the (+) showed the influence. Second, software quality is urge consumers to purchase significant (+) of influence. Functionality, reliability, usability, portability of software quality (+) showed the influence. Third, the software quality In the consumer buy more significant Chung (+) showed the influence. Software quality, functionality, usability, portability name (+) influence. In conclusion, the quality of the software in consumer purchasing behavior (+) were of significant influence. In particular, factors that functionality, usability factors, portability factor in the relatively large influence on the purchasing behavior. Software technology development, planning, development, testing, and in each step must keep in mind the following. First, the software, when used in certain conditions, Inherent ability to meet the needs and requirements set forth to provide the appropriate functionality and accuracy as the ability of software products each other with the capabilities to the effective and thorough security features should be required. Second, software, a user-specified criteria to use in understanding and learning, and must, and the ability to prefer. Software for users to understand and easy to use, whether the check. In particular, understanding the interface, Help understanding, understand the input and output data, and interface consistency, the user information, the message must be equipped and easy to understand. In addition, ease of learning to be self-learning, and help ease of access shall be required. Third, in certain circumstances, a different environment to transfer be equipped with the functionality of the software. Applying data structures and application environment, helping transplant convenience must keep in mind sex.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.929-933
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• 2010

Four-point bending tests were performed to investigate the interfacial adhesion of Cu-Cu bonding fabricated by thermo-compression process for three dimensional packaging. A pair of Cu-coated Si wafers was bonded under a pressure of 15 kN at $350^{\circ}C$ for 1 h, followed by post annealing at $350^{\circ}C$ for 1 h. The bonded wafers were diced into $30\;mm\;{\times}\;3\;mm$ pieces for the test. Each specimen had a $400-{\mu}m$-deep notch along the center. An optical inspection module was installed in the testing apparatus to observe crack initiation at the notch and crack propagation over the weak interface. The tests were performed under a fixed loading speed, and the corresponding load was measured. The measured interfacial adhesion energy of the Cu-to-Cu bonding was $9.75\;J/m^2$, and the delaminated interfaces were analyzed after the test. The surface analysis shows that the delamination occurred in the interface between $SiO_2$ and Ti.