• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2017

The present study numerically investigated the influence of the waveform distribution on the tsunami-vegetation interaction using a non-reflected wave generation system for various tsunami waveforms in a two-dimensional numerical wave tank. First, it was possible to determine the wave attenuation mechanism due to the tsunami-vegetation interaction from the spatial waveform, flow field, vorticity field, and wave height distribution. The combination of fluid resistance in the vegetation and a large gap and creates a vortex according to the flow velocity difference in and out of the vegetation zone. Thus, the energy of a tsunami was increasingly reduced, resulting in a gradual reduction in wave height. Compared to existing approximation theories, the double volumetric ratio of the waveform increased the reflection coefficient of the tsunami-vegetation interaction by 34%, while decreasing the transfer coefficient and energy attenuation coefficient by 25% and 13%, respectively. Therefore, the hydraulic characteristics of a tsunami is highly likely to be underestimated if the solitary wave of the approximation theory is applied for the tsunami.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.23-30
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• 1985

PMO expressions for ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ orbital interaction have been derived. Important differences between ${\pi}$-${\pi}$ and ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ interactions predicted by PMO expressions are : (ⅰ) energy splitting in ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ interaction will be greater than that in ${\pi}$-${\pi}$ interaction, (ⅱ) energy change due to interaction will be more destabilizing in ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ than in ${\pi}$-${\pi}$ interaction. These predictions were borne out in experimental data and in results of MO theoretical computations. It was pointed out that both STeO-3G and INDO-LCBO methods underestimate ${\pi}^{\ast}$-${\pi}^{\ast}$ orbital interaction and in order to estimate properly with MO theoretical calculation, use of split valence basis set is required.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.31-37
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• 2020

The rapid development of the mobile internet has gradually changed the carrier of electronic games from PC to mobile. mobile games have become an excellent choice for many people to spend their spare time and enjoy life. Among many types of mobile games, Number of users of FPS games has increased rapidly in recent years. Based on the 《Emotional Design》 proposed by Donald Norman, this article compares the interaction design of China's most popular FPS game 《Game for peace》 and Korea's most popular FPS game 《PUBG》, and analyzes their similarities and differences, and then use that as a basis to summarize the three levels of emotional design-Visceral level, Behavior level, and Reflection level, which is the user interface, interaction mode, and interaction experience in interaction design Emotional expression on the two games. This theory provides suggestions for interactive design in the information industry such as mobile games.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.69-84
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• 2023

This paper proposes a novel frame element on Winkler-Pasternak foundation for analysis of a non-ductile reinforced concrete (RC) member resting on foundation. These structural members represent flexural-shear critical members, which are commonly found in existing buildings designed and constructed with the old seismic design standards (inadequately detailed transverse reinforcement). As a result, these structures always experience shear failure or flexure-shear failure under seismic loading. To predict the characteristics of these non-ductile structures, efficient numerical models are required. Therefore, the novel frame element on Winkler-Pasternak foundation with inclusion of the shear-flexure interaction effect is developed in this study. The proposed model is derived within the framework of a displacement-based formulation and fiber section model under Timoshenko beam theory. Uniaxial nonlinear material constitutive models are employed to represent the characteristics of non-ductile RC frame and the underlying foundation. The shear-flexure interaction effect is expressed within the shear constitutive model based on the UCSD shear-strength model as demonstrated in this paper. From several features of the presented model, the proposed model is simple but able to capture several salient characteristics of the non-ductile RC frame resting on foundation, such as failure behavior, soil-structure interaction, and shear-flexure interaction. This confirms through two numerical simulations.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.229-240
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• 1991

The large camber angle theory of turbomachine blade of compressor has been developed recently for the two-dimensional flow by Hawthorn, et al. However, in the above theory it was assumed that the fluid was incompressible and inviscid, and the blades had no thickness. In this study, the flow in a blade cascade being mounted in parallel fashion with blade of arbitrary thickness is studied in order to determine the effects of the camber angle on the performance characteristic of the blade section under the consideration of compressibility and viscosity of fluid. The panel method is used for potential flow analysis. The flow in the boundary-layer is obtained by solving the integral boundary-layer structure through the laminar, transitional , and turbulent flow using the pressure field determined from the potential flow. And then the viscous-inviscid interaction scheme is used for interaction of these two flows. For the determination of the variation in the outlet fluid angle influenced by deviation in cascade flow, the superposition method which is used for single foil is introduced in this analysis. By the introduction of this method, the effects of the deviation on outlet fluid angle and the resulting fluid angle are made to adjust for oneself through the calculation. As the result of this study, the blade of large camber angle, large incidence angle, large pitch-chord ratio has large viscous and compressible effect than those of small camber angle. Lift force increase as camber angle increases, but above 60.deg. of camber angle, lift force decrease as camber angle increases. But drag force increases linearly with camber angle increases in the entire region.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.371-388
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of interaction based on contingent regulation between teacher and underachiever in elementary mathematics. For this purpose, research questions are established as follows; (1) Is there any difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in mathematics achievement\ulcorner (2) Is there any difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in affectionate perspective\ulcorner (3) Is there any difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in adult regulation\ulcorner Two classes of fifth grade Children(10 children) were sampled from an elementary school in city of Daegu. One of them was assigned to the contingent regulation group and the other to natural regulation group. An experiment was conducted for 7 weeks. Two kinds of test instruments were used : pre-test and post-test. The pre-test scores guaranteed that both groups were homogeneous. Post-test was used to identify two effects(research questions (1) & (2)) and the post-test scores were analyzed by t-test. The results were as follows. (1) There was significant difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in mathematics achievement. This means that experiment group was higher than control group and the interaction effect of contingent regulation was higher in post-test. The self-control indicated in experiment group. (2) There was slightly significant difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in affectionate perspective. This means that experiment group turned to slightly positioner in post-test. (3) There was significant difference between contingent regulation and natural regulation in adult regulation. In other words, level of contingent regulation changed depending on underachievers' ability but level of natural regulation didn't change. Therefore, I suggest that contingent regulation based on Vygotsky theory would provide effective mathematics education for underachievers in elementary mathematics.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.160-176
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• 2017

The interaction of focused wave groups with a vertical wall is investigated based on the second order potential theory. The NewWave theory, which represents the most probable surface elevation under a large crest, is adopted. The analytical solutions of the surface elevation, velocity potential and wave force exerted on the vertical wall are derived, up to the second order. Then, a parametric study is made on the interaction between nonlinear focused wave groups and a vertical wall by considering the effects of angles of incidence, wave steepness, focal positions, water depth, frequency bandwidth and the peak lifting factor. Results show that the wave force on the vertical wall for obliquely-incident wave groups is larger than that for normally-incident waves. The normalized peak crest of wave forces reduces with the increase of wave steepness. With the increase of the distance of focal positions from the vertical wall, the peak crest of surface elevation, although fluctuates, decreases gradually. Both the normalized peak crest and adjacent crest and trough of wave forces become larger for shallower water depth. For focused wave groups reflected by a vertical wall, the frequency bandwidth has little effects on the peak crest of wave elevation or forces, but the adjacent crest and trough become smaller for larger frequency bandwidth. There is no significant change of the peak crest and adjacent trough of surface elevation and wave forces for variation of the peak lifting factor. However, the adjacent crest increases with the increase of the peak lifting factor.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.171-178
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• 2023

As the risk of privacy invasion due to self-disclosure increases in SNS environment, many studies have tried to discover the influencing factors of self-disclosure. This study is an extension of this research stream and pays attention to the role of interaction privacy controls(friend list and privacy settings) as a new influencing factor. Specifically, the study theorizes and test the logic that the ability to effectively control interactions between individuals using IPC(called IPC usefulness) satisfies the three psychological needs(autonomy, relationship, and competency needs) suggested by the Self-Determination Theory, and in turn increase the amount of self-disclosure. As a result of data analysis, it was found that IPC usefulness has a very strong influence on the satisfaction of psychological needs and is a major factor in increasing the degree of self-disclosure by users. Based on these findings, the study discusses the theoretical and practical implications as well as future research directions.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.647-658
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• 2018

Modern society is complex and rapidly changing, and knowledge sharing is needed to acquire and create knowledge. Knowledge sharing is the act of providing information knowledge and know-how of their own in order to cooperate with or help their colleagues. This study presents a research model using social capital theory to explain the mobile knowledge sharing behavior of virtual community members. Based on previous studies, social capital theory is divided into structural, relational, and cognitive aspects. It was composed of social interaction ties as a measure of structural aspect, trust as a measure of cognitive aspect, shared language, shared vision and relational aspect. After collecting survey data, factor analysis and regression analysis were performed using SPSS 22. In this way, we examined how the detailed factors of social capital affect information sharing behavior and how the level of knowledge sharing affects community promotion. The results showed that social interaction ties, shared language, shared vision, and trust affect knowledge sharing. Knowledge sharing has had a positive impact on community promotion.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.165-175
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the program theory of a lifestyle intervention program for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Methods: The program evaluated is a tailored intervention for multiple health behavior associated with metabolic syndrome which is informed by theoretical constructs from the Intervention Mapping and Transtheoretical model. The program components include one-to-one health counseling, a self-management handbook, and a health diary. To evaluate program impact theory we examined the logic of program goals and objectives, intervention methods and strategies, and the theoretical constructs of program materials through document review and matrix building. Results: This evaluation has found that the intervention program applied social cognitive theory constructs to design intervention methods and strategies in addition to the Transtheoretical model: self-monitoring for goal setting and monitoring skill, outcome expectation for the benefits of health behavior change, and interaction with environment for observational learning through modeling. While the intervention addresses multiple determinants and behaviors, it is limited to an individual level and lacks social and environmental approaches. Following the Transtheoretical framework, the contents of the intervention materials were developed utilizing consciousness raising as a main strategy for earlier stages of change, and counterconditioning and stimulus control for later stages of change. Conclusion: Program theory evaluation can be a process of enhancing program validity. It would also be necessary for providing basis for efficient program implementation. When comparisons of program theory between similar programs are possible, program theory and validity will be strengthened when comparisons of program theories between similar programs are possible.