• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.306-318
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• 2009

Objectives : There were reports about the decreasing of quit-smoking ratio because of taking professional advices. This study were to investigate smoking prevalence rate of the dental hygienist study in nationwide and quit-smoking counseling activity for patients in dental clinic. Methods : The registered Korea Dental Hygienists Association Meeting in 2005 were recruited as subjects. The personal surveyed, 486(87.7%) returned completed questionnaires. Results : The smoking rate of dental hygienist is 3.1%, past smoking rate 1.4% and smoking cessation 95.5%. In smoking cessation counseling activity, only 20.8% of dental hygienist would advise to quit smoking. However, 63.8% intended to advise to quit smoking but they have no idea about quit smoking program and 15.4% had no intention of advising to quit. It is a whole consent that Smoking dental hygienist is tend to against smoking and necessary training about smoking cessation same opinion. Conclusions : Dental hygienist is more effective for health care professional to help people stop smoking, therefore dental hygienist is important for them to have through knowledge of subject and confidence in their role in smoking cessation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.625-630
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• 2013

Background: Hardcore smoking is represented by a subset of daily smokers with high nicotine dependence, inability to quit and unwillingness to quit. Estimating the related burden could help us in identifying a high risk population prone to tobacco induced diseases and improve cessation planning for them. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smoking in three South-East Asian countries and discussed its implication for smoking cessation intervention in this region. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) data of India, Bangladesh and Thailand were analyzed to quantify the hardcore smoking prevalence in the region. On the basis of review, an operational definition of hardcore smoking was adopted that includes (1) current daily smoker, (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration, (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting, (4) time to first smoke within 30 minutes of waking up, and (5) knowledge of smoking hazards. Logistic regression analysis was carried out using hardcore smoking status as response variable and gender, type of residence, occupation, education, wealth index and age-group as possible predictors. Results: There were 31.3 million hardcore smokers in the three Asian countries. The adult prevalence of hardcore smoking in these countries ranges between 3.1% in India to 6% in Thailand. These hardcore smokers constitute 18.3-29.7% of daily smokers. The logistic regression model indicated that age, gender, occupation and wealth index are the major predictors of hardcore smoking with varied influence across countries. Conclusions: Presence of a higher number of hardcore smoking populations in Asia is a major public health challenge for tobacco control and cancer prevention. There is need of intensive cessation interventions with due consideration of contextual predictors.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.372-381
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate how job overload, relationship with senior perceived by nurses and emotional exhaust related to turnover and explored the mediating role of emotional exhaust in job characteristics-turnover relationship. Method: Participants were 280 nurses from around the greater metropolitan area of Seoul, completed questionnaires. Correlation and Structural Equation Models were employed to investigate the various factors associated with this. Result: Job overload related positively to emotional exhaust and turnover and the quality of relationship with senior related negatively to emotional exhaust but positively to turnover. These findings suggest the important role played by job conditions in preventing nurses' emotional burnout and the intention to quit their jobs. Furthermore, emotional burnout mediated the effects of these job characteristics on nurses' turnover. Conclusion: It is suggested that the benefit of job conditions and emotional burnout should be taken into consideration when developing strategies to improve nurse retention and. social supporting programs for nurses more generally.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.30-39
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was to identify the level of job stress and turnover intention and to explore the impact of job stress on turnover intention among emergency room (ER) nurses. Methods: With a correlational survey design, 155 emergency room nurses were recruited in D metropolitan city. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire including ER-related job stress, turnover intention, and subjects' characteristics from March 18 to March 26, 2013. Results: Overall mean score of job stress was $284.34{\pm}40.60$, indicating higher level of job stress. The highest job stress category was conflict related inside the hospital and transportation team, and followed by matters related the patient and the guardian, conflicts with doctors, and heavy workload. The average score of turnover intention was $15.41{\pm}3.68$, indicating higher intention to quit their jobs. There was a moderate level of positive correlation between job stress and turnover intention (r=.44, p<.001). Turnover intention was high when ER nurses had higher job stress (${\beta}$=.38), were female (${\beta}$=.22), and wished to move to another department (${\beta}$=.17). Conclusion: The most important factor of turnover intention was job stress among ER nurses. Strategies to lower turnover rate for ER nurses should be focused on seeking ways to reduce their job stress.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.20
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• pp.8809-8814
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• 2014

The objective of this paper is to present the implementation and process evaluation of the first computer tailored program for smoking cessation among Romanian smokers. The program targeted adult smokers who declared the intention to quit smoking in the next six months. The intervention consisted of a letter tailored to several respondent characteristics: gender, cognitive variables (attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy), intention to quit smoking, goal and relapse prevention strategies (action and coping plans), and smoking behaviour. The first 80 participants entered into the program filled in a process evaluation questionnaire one month after the intervention. The results of our study confirmed that the participants had read and remembered the letter. Moreover, new for Romania, this approach was positively appreciated by the participant and the score received for the tailored letter was high. The opinions of the participants confirmed that the tailored letter provided information that was useful, trustworthy and relevant for the individual. At the same time, the participants appreciated the polite, easy to understand content of the letter. These data underlined the premises for continuing the program and for using the information and communication technologies for healthy lifestyle promotion among Romanian population.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.30 no.4 s.59
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• pp.697-707
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• 1997

This study was performed to estimate the quantity of the effects of tobacco price raise on the smoking rate, and the smoking attributable deaths in Korea. The data were collected by questionnaire survey from 538 male of male workers. The questionnaire contained items on age, sex, living place, status of education, smoking history, the intention to quit smoking when the tobacco price be raised. The questionnaire, were distributed to the offices of enterprises, hospitals, research centers, and public agencies and then collected. Data were analyzed by using the age specific smoking rate, relative risks of eight major smoking related diseases, vital statistics, and the population attributable risk of deaths of smoking males. On the other hand, the impact of the tobacco price raise on the population attributable risk of death due to smoking in Korea was estimated by applying the presumed smoking rate after the price raise. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The smoking rate of male white color workers in large cities was 59.5%. 2. The proportion of male smokers who has the intention to quit smoking when the tobacco price be raised was 61.5%. 3. The proportion of male smokers who has the intention to quit smoking if the price of tobacco be raised was proportional to the degree of increasing tobacco price. It is estimated that if the tobacco price were raised more than four times as now, the presumed smoking rate goes down as low as 26.7%. If the tobacco price be raised 20% each year, presumed smoking rate is 46.2%. 4. The number of attributable male death of smoking estimated by using 8 major smoking related diseases(lung cancer, laryngeal cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, cerebrovascular disease, ischemic heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) was 25,863 death each year. That is 20.1% of total age over 20 male deaths. 5. f the tobacco price were raised more than four times as now and all smokers who has intention to quit smoking quits smoking, 12,336 lives, or 47.7% of smoking related deaths could be saved. 6. IF the actual practice rate of quitting smoking among male smokers with intention to stop smoking when the price of tobacco be raised is 10%, 25%, or 50%, then the expected decrease of death numbers when the tobacco price were raised more than four times as now can be 1,112, 3,483, 5,796 respectively.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.219-225
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• 2016

Background: Intention to leave was an important managerial issue among physicians working in public health centers. This study was conducted to explore the relationship between job participations and intention to leave among physicians working in health centers. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to gather information about job participation, intention to leave and demographics among physicians (n=243) in public health centers in Korea. Job participation was measured by 15 items categorized 3 dimensions. Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine the effect of job participation on intent to leave among physicians working in public health center. Results: Participation of medical treatment and administrative job were significantly associated with intention to leave adjusted for sex, age, income, working area, working duration, tenure, and overall job satisfaction. Therefore, physicians who actively participated in administrative job showed a lower turnover intention. Physicians who actively participated in medical treatment job had a higher quit intention. Conclusion: To retain qualified physicians in public health center, education should be reinforced to physician for administrative capacity building.

• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2013

Purpose: This study is designed to verify affecting variables to turnover intention of nurses in general hospital. Methods: The data were from the self-reported questionnaire responses of 168 nurses in five general hospitals 300-400 beds in Seoul and Gyungi province and analyzed by frequency and percentage, t-test, ANOVA and Sheffe's test and stepwise multiple regression. Results: The means of turnover intention were $3.14{\pm}0.87$, job overload, $3.54{\pm}0.67$, role ambiguity, $2.87{\pm}0.71$ and burnout, $2.68{\pm}0.72$. A significant correlation was found among turnover intention and job overload (r=.24, p<.001), role ambiguity (r=.30, p<.001), and burn out (r=.58, p<.001). The factors that affect turnover intention from the result of multiple regression by the stepwise selection, were emotional exhaustion, role ambiguity, and diminished personal accomplishment. Conclusion: Based on the results, to reduce turnover intention of nurses, emotional support should be provided and also range of roles be clearly defined. In addition, it is needed to improve the working conditions for nurses to get a sense of accomplishment.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.5959-5963
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• 2012

Background: The term 'hardcore' has been applied to use of smoking tobacco and generally referred to as the inability or unwillingness of regular smokers to quit. The component constructs of hardcore except nicotine dependence are product neutral. With the use of 'time to first chew' as a measure of nicotine dependence, hardcore definition can be extended to characterize smokeless tobacco users. Hardcore users respond less to tobacco cessation interventions, and are prone to tobacco induced diseases including cancer. Thus identifying hardcore users would help in estimate the burden of high risk population for tobacco induced diseases. Smokeless tobacco use is predominant and accounts for more than 50% of oral cancer in India. Hence, hardcore chewing information could be used for planning of tobacco and cancer control interventions. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of hardcore smokeless tobacco use in India. Materials and Methods: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)-India 2010 data were analyzed to quantify hardcore smokeless tobacco use in India with following five criteria: (1) current daily smokeless tobacco use; (2) no quit attempt in the past 12 months of survey or last quit attempt of less than 24 hours duration; (3) no intention to quit in next 12 months or not interested in quitting; (4) time to first use of smokeless tobacco product within 30 minutes of waking up; and (5) knowledge of smokeless tobacco hazards. Results: The number of hardcore smokeless tobacco users among adult Indians is estimated to be 5% (39.5 million). This group comprises 23.2% of daily smokeless tobacco users. The population prevalence varied from 1.4-9.1% across different national regions of India. Logistic regression modeling indicated age, education and employment status to be the major predictors of hardcore smokeless tobacco use in India. Conclusions: The presence of a huge number (39.5 million) of hardcore smokeless tobacco users is a challenge to tobacco control and cancer prevention in India. There is an unmet need for a universal tobacco cessation programme and intensification of anti-tobacco education in communities.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.525-532
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to investigate among smoking knowledge, smoking attitude, and smoking cessation intention and factors which influence in college student smokers. The subjects of this study were completed by 240 college student smokers from 2 colleges in D City. Data were collected from October 1 to Nomember 15, 2018. Data were analyzed using the t-test, the ANOVA, the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis by SPSS ver. 21.0. The participants' knowledge was 0.51 out of 1 points, attitude was 3.63 out of 5 point and smoking cessation intention level was 2.71 out of 5 points. There were significant positive correlations among knowledge, attitude and smoking cessation intention. Factors influencing smoking cessation intention were smoking attitude(β=0.20, p=0.002), smoking amount(β=0.19, p=0.002), age of starting smoking habit (β=0.20, p=0.004), try to quit smoking(β=0.16, p=0.012)). Smoking cessation intention 17.7% of the variance in smoking attitude, smoking amount, age of starting smoking habit and try to quit smoking. The development of smoking cessation education program that focuses attitude change is needed. Maybe, well-designed program will enhance their knowledge, attitude and smoking cessation intention.