• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.90-114
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• 2004

This study was conducted to examine the influence and effect of muscle enforcement program on Activity of daily living(ADL) improvement and posture balance of the old, and to provide more effective muscle enforcement program and educational data. The muscle enforcement exercise program was performed on the old(institution, 16 men, 10 women) for 8 weeks from April 22, 2002 through June 17,2002. Programed Exercise 1 - Exercise 10 were practised 8 times per program for 3 days a week. The load of exercise was increased per two weeks. The methods of measurement were questionnaire, Indiana 47903(action-response analysis machine) and Sample exercise protocol for KAT 2000(balance training device). SAS/PC statistic analysis was used for data analysis. T-test was used for analysis of change before and after exercise in this study. The summary and conclusions are as follows. 1. On subjectively recognized health states, the healthy were $42.3\%$. On the satisfaction with health states, the satisfied were $50.0\%$. On the factors of effects on daily-life behavior performance, the group who had troubles was $50\%$ and the group who was so and so was $34.6\%$ compared with the old of the same age. On prospect about health states in the future, the group who would be better was $38.\%$. On effective methods for problem solving, exercise was $42.3\%.\;88.5\%$ of respondents answered the need of health care. The participation intention in health program was $92.3\%$. 2. On the change of psychological emotion and behavior aspects, the group who had repeated complaints or anxieties and reduced activities or interests was effective(P<0.01). 3. On the improvement effects of IADL difficulties, the group who had difficulties in doing daily-life indoors was improved effectively compared with before and after exercise(P<0.01). On medication management, the effects of improvement after exercise were high compared with before exercise(P<0.01), the effects of improvement was high on the whole. 4. On the effects of ADL function improvement, putting on upper clothing and lower clothing was improved effectively(P<0.05), toilet use and individual sanitation was improved effectively(P<0.05). 5. On the effects of action-response, the results of 8weeks regular exercise program were not different significantly compared with before and after exercise. The behavior quickness of the old by muscle enforcement program was not increased. This means that the old needs much time for exercise sense training because of the regression of cognition sense. 6. In the effect of posture balance, the whole grades were effective from 1272.69 before excercise to 476.92 after exercise(P<0.01). Especially right balance 657.65 was lowered to 208.57 after exercise most effectively(P<0.01). Rear balance 776.34 before exercise was lowered to 136.65 after exercise. The results of measurement were significant(P<0.05).

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.5-29
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• 1992

In this study, the author researched the process in which the philosophical basis of 'Sa Sang Medicine (四象醫學)' and its methodology build up the principles of Sa Sang Medicine, and then, examined how the principles were applied to the theoretical system of Sa Sang Medicine. The conclusion would be summarized as follows. 1. 'Nae Kyung Medicine (內經醫學)' was developed under the concept that the cosmos's order and its moving rule could be directly applied to that of human body, which corresponded to the 'Theory of Hwang-No (黃老之學)'. On the contrary, Sa Sang Medicine is a thoroughly human-oriented theory formed in the Confucianism system. 2. Lee Jae-Ma's Substantialism can be briefed into 'Mind 心' (Tae Keuk 太極), 'Mind-Body 心身' (Yang Eui 兩儀) and 'Activity-Mind-Body-Matter 事心身物' (Sa Sang 四象), which respectively represents one-elemented substance, two-elemented substance and four-elemented substance. Especially, Sa Sang was used as a basic framework in which he recognized all the objects and phenomena. So, most critical significance of his substantialism consists in the intention of Sa Sang type classifying. 3. By the method of Sa Sang type classifying, Lee Jae-Ma not only redefined the main concepts of confucianism and developed a unique philosophy of his own, but also, in the field of medical science, resystemized and re-explained the structure and function of human body. 4. From the recognition that Activity-Mind-body-Matter (Sa Sang) are four different existence forms of energy 氣 (or four variation types of energy), Yi Jae-Ma thinks that the viscera of human body have a vertical structure of 'four parts 四焦' (upper, mid-upper, mid-lower and lower parts) and its physiological function is operated by the rising and falling action of four energy presentations (sorrow 哀, anger 怒, joy 喜 and pleasure 樂). 5. In "Gyuk Chi Go 格致藁", Lee Jae-Ma understood the concept of joy, anger, sorrow and pleasure on the basis of nature-emotion theory 性情論 from the philosophical viewpoint. But, from the medical viewpoint of "Dong Eui Su Se Bo Won 東醫壽世保元", he understood them on the basis of vital energy theory. That is, sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure are expression of advance or reverse of nature vital-energy 性氣 and emotion vital-energy 情氣. 6. The rising and falling action principle of four energy presentations (sorrow, anger, joy and pleasure) which produces and helps each other is an identical principles of Sa Sang Medicine, distinguished from the Oh-Haeng 五行 circulating principle in Nae Kyung Medicine. Through this principle, Lee Jae-Ma explained the viscera physiology of human body, pathology & diagnosis and pharmacology.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.322-330
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• 2008

This study was performed to the possibility of developing anti-aging convenient food that is to Koreans' taste. Editor: this abstract appears to describe a study of public opinion and not related to the development of anti-aging convenient foods. In total, The 150 adults, living in Seoul (Korea), participated in this study in the capacity of subjects. Editor: You really have to mention the age-range of the subjects, as senility is an old age disease. In particular, you talk about the intention of subjects (discussed below) to buy anti-aging food products. This would be directly related to their age, as I assume that older people would be more concerned about senility that relatively younger subjects. They were randomly assigned to 25 groups. In result initial descriptive analysis revealed that, 82 percent of subjects awoke to were aware of senility, and the while 26.7 percent were seriously thought of it concerned. Furthermore, The 58.7 percent said that believed food has the possibility has a role in of controlling senility, and the while 64.0 percent said stated that senility may be controlled by eating constitutional foods. Further comparative analysis of In the case of the group of which members subjects have been who were trying to control senility revealed that their, the reliance on food general and constitutional food was significantly higher than those who have not tried to do so did nothing. The From the 61.3 percent have been of subject who were trying to control senility, from among them, the 74.0 percent and the 22.7 percent were relied on physical taking exercises and anti-aging foods, respectively. Likewise, it was ascertained When asked whether subjects intend to purchase anti-aging convenient food if it was is developed. The 67.3 percent and the 72.7 percent indicated their intentionded to purchase the normal product and constitutional products, respectively. Resultantly, anti-aging convenient food was in demand to some extent. Given that anti-aging products are in high demand, In such a case, senile severity (p<0.05), anti-aging possibility in constitutional foods (p<0.001) and anti-aging action (p<0.001) are regarded as variables in the purchase of the normal products. In the case of relation to constitutional products, anti-aging possibility in constitutional food (p<0.001) and anti-aging action (p<0.001) were regarded as variables.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1403-1413
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• 2015

An information System Audit by the recognition of a problem and suggestions for solutions for overall matters about constructing and managing information systems is needed in order to contribute to the improvement of an information system's quality and improving the performance of projects. In reality, however, the general cognition is that audit is biased by subjective opinions. For this, an auditor needs to measure the level of recognition of the usability and convenience of the technologies of automating audit by applying TAM in the information system audit, and to analyze the relationship with recognition and availability of the interested parties for the technology (tool) of the audit. By the hypothesis verification result, an auditor needs to present objective corroborative facts that back up the level of recognition and usability for the information technology in the field of audit. This study verified that the phenomenon of technology application can be explained and predicted by applying TAM in the field of audit. Through an empirical study of the recognition level of audit and contractor, the developer suggests that the audit plan stage is similar to the audit corrective action stage, but the audit action stage is different from the audit review stage. This research can verify the audit technology preferred for the availability and intention of use and usability.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.178-188
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• 2019

When using a distributed system, it is very important to know the intention of a target ship in order to prevent collisions. The action taken by a certain ship for collision avoidance and the action of the target ship it intends to avoid influence each other. However, it is difficult to establish a collision avoidance plan in consideration of multiple-ship situations for this reason. To solve this problem, a Distributed Stochastic Search Algorithm (DSSA) has been proposed. A DSSA searches for a course that can most reduce cost through repeated information exchange with target ships, and then indicates whether the current course should be maintained or a new course should be chosen according to probability and constraints. However, it has not been proven how the parameters used in DSSA affect collision avoidance actions. Therefore, in this paper, I have investigated the effect of the parameters and weight factors of DSSA. Experiments were conducted by combining parameters (time window, safe domain, detection range) and weight factors for encounters of two ships in head-on, crossing, and overtaking situations. A total of 24,000 experiments were conducted: 8,000 iterations for each situation. As a result, no collision occurred in any experiment conducted using DSSA. Costs have been shown to increase if a ship gives a large weight to its destination, i.e., takes selfish behavior. The more lasting the expected position of the target ship, the smaller the sailing distance and the number of message exchanges. The larger the detection range, the safer the interaction.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.285-294
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• 2020

"The Man Standing Next" was a 'anger-character movie' that shows a fierce psychological game between the characters. Inspired by this point, it was analyzed the narrative structure of this film based on scene unit applying the 'Five-stage Anger Model' formulated by Lakoff and Kövecses and others. The results showed that the causality and feasibility of the protagonist's anger behavior were highly reflected above the model. In particular, among the five steps, the film-maker spent the longest time on 'anger control' justifying the hero's motivation for punishment or retaliation, while giving the shortest time to 'loss of control' to maximize the urgentness of the punitive actions. The detonator causing his anger at each stage was disposed two to six times each stage with neglect, contempt, arrogance, ostentation, mockery, unauthorized intervention, etc. Sneering of "Chief Security Officer" and insulting of "The President" make the protagonist feel the scorn of a terrible friend-murderer each functioned as a "rage trigger." In conclusion, the film follows the above sophisticated model in its narrative structure. Though it was a political drama that sets up a lot of anger scheme caused from public reasons, it reflects ordinary people's routine anger, which corresponds to 24 percent of the list of Nobaco's Provocation Inventory (PI). The producers elaborately reflected the anger procedure theory and balanced the public and private drivers of rage. It was considered to be derived from the intention to enhance communication with the audience increasing their understanding and aspiration for political movie that are usually heavy and unfamiliar.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.27-40
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• 2002

The purpose of this thesis is presenting desirable design of uniform which could reflect high school girls' demands with the researches on their consciousness of fashion and actual state of uniforms. Methods to accomplish this research include first, examinationson characteristics of high school girls and their consciousness of fashion with relevant articles, second, interviews with designers from major domestic uniform brands - ELITE, IVY, SMART - and third, analysis on related internet sites. Practical researches are followed by design analysis and proposal of improvement on high school girls' uniform, accompanied by collection of photographs from field studies, major uniform brands' shops and uniform related internet sites. Korean high school girls in the digital era are able to express themselves in each different fashion with own individuality, preference or intention, as they are particularly interested in clothes or their appearances. Their consciousness of fashion became visible in a shape of negative attitude and dissatisfaction with uniforms due to its out-of-date design, lack of features and inconvenience in action. Besides more than half of high school girls already experienced reforming it for better looks. As a result of current analysis on references of uniform designs, various levels of refinement were noticed even in uniform of similar details, design, fabric textile and color due to differences on size & length of jacket collar, dart, cutting line, size of details, decorative line, easiness in fit, length of clothes, and etc. To provide students of more refined and desired designs which reflect their demands, current uniforms are to begin acquiring delicate changes with present vogue and feature such as size of details, silhouette, cutting line, decorative line and etc. In addition newly designed uniforms are to present desirable design with image of refinement and neat as they actively comprehend students' needs within its symbolic, functional, economic and aesthetic characteristics by nature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.1262-1272
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to examine the development trend of smart fiber by textile companies in Daegu/North Gyeongsang Province. This examination includes the development fields of smart fiber, investment size, information sources and the use degree of those, research-related infrastructure, relationship between companies' characteristics and their interests in smart fiber. Research data were collected by a survey. The definition and classification(4 areas and 12 development products) of smart fiber followed ones of Smart Fiber Technology Roadmap by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Energy. Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.0 program for frequency, means, t-test, and $X^2$-test. Among respondents, the numbers of dying and finish companies and export traders were the highest. It revealed that 19.6% of companies were developing smart fibers. Within 12 development products, vapor permeable/waterproof fiber showed to be most being developed, while medical fiber for human has not been developed and wasn't made an investment plan for developing. It was discovered that the biggest problem of smart fiber development was the lack of experts and the best outcome of smart fiber development was preoccupation of future market. It showed that companies got information from textile fairs but didn't often use information sources. The companies appeared to have a weak intention about research of smart fiber. The more important a company considered functionality of textile products and the more innovative and stabler the company was, the higher interest in smart fiber companies had. It was concluded that textile companies in Daegu/North Gyeongsang Province were aware of the importance of smart fiber development but they were not strongly interested in it and not enthusiastic in taking action on it.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.391-401
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• 2001

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify variables that influence smoking cessation based on the transtheoretical model. Methods: Variables that influence the stages of change in smoking cessation were selected based on transtheoretical model. Data were collected from 176 men aged 30-64 who smoked, Data collection was done in community settings in Seoul and vicinity, Korea between December, 1999 and June, 2000. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and logistic analysis using the pc-SAS program. Results: According to the logit model, the influence of significant variables on stage of change for smoking cessation suggest that ; When the scores for Pros in decision making for smoking cessation are high, the possibility that the subjects are in the action, precontemplation and contemplation stage of change will be lower than the possibility that the subjects are in the maintenance stage of change. When the scores of habitual craving in smoking temptation is high, the possibility that the subjects are in the precontemplation and contemplation stage of change will be higher than the possibility that the subjects are in the maintenance stage of change. When the scores of smoking temptation in negative affect situations are high, the possibility that the subjects are in the contemplation stage of change will be higher than the possibility that the subjects are in the maintenance stage of change. When the scores of cognitive process in the process of change are high, the possibility that the subjects are in the contemplation stage of change will be higher than the possibility that the subjects are in the maintenance stage of change. Conclusions : The results provide evidence that physical and psychological dependence on smoking are main barriers to smoking cessation. Therefore nursing interventions based on stage that focus on increasing motivation and intention for smoking cessation need to be developed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between physical activity function and stages of self-change for exercise in the aged of a farming village. The object of this research was to make with the basic data for the exercise program for the aged of rural area. Methods: This study was a volunteer sample of 612 persons, 60 years and above, who were living at the 2 farming villages, in 2005 July. This instruments were analyzed using frequency analysis and descriptive statistics, multiple regression analysis. Results: The distribution of stages of self-change of the research object person showed that the pre-contemplation stage was most with 57.2%, and the contemplation stage : 8.1%, the preparation stage : 2.2%, the action stage : 22.5%, the maintenance stage : 10.0%. The person who having good physical function state and advanced stages of self-change of exercise were higher in the ratio of the educational level and the income level. Factors for physical function were effected by the aging and the woman negatively. Conclusion: Physical function scores were highly correlated with stages of self-change for exercise. So it will be helpful that the program which designed by one's physical function and stage of self-change for exercise would applied the one.