• 한국안전학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

According to the statistics publication of KOSHA, more than half of serious accidents at the construction sites were related to the temporary works and/or the temporary structures such as scaffoldings, shores, earth retaining walls, etc. The structural failures are occurred because of the overload acting on the structures or lack of performance of the one or more members of the structures. For the prevention of the collapse accidents relating to the temporary structures at the construction sites, we have to control construction processes not to occur the overload and also to control the performance and quality of each member of the temporary structures. MOLIT has amended the "Construction Technology Promotion Act" on Jan. 7th, 2015 to ensure the structural safety of the temporary structures. According to the Act, the designers of the construction design projects should check the structural integrity of the structures including the temporary structures and the construction companies have to let 'the Relative Professionals' confirm the structural integrity of temporary structures, the shores(${\geq}5m$ high) and the scaffolds(${\geq}31m$ high), before construction. Also, MOLIT has amended the "Regulation for Construction Technology Promotion Act" on Jul. 4th, 2016 for quality management and testing of temporary equipments. According th this regulation, the construction companies and supervisors should manage and test the temporary equipments before using them. In this paper, the standard drawings of the shores(< 5 m high) and the scaffolds(< 31 m high) and the amended "Business Guideline for Quality Management of Construction Work" are presented. As the result of this study, MOLIT noticed the amended "Business Guideline for Quality Management of Construction Work" on Jul. 1st, 2017.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2003년도 가을 학술논문집
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• pp.90-95
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• 2003

환형기체(Annulus Gas) 계통의 화학적 관리는 계통 재질의 건전성 확보와, 계통내 냉각재 또는 감속재 중수 유입 여부 감지 및 방사선량 저감화 등을 통하여 설비의 안전성과 신뢰성을 유지하는데 목적이 있다. 환형기체 계통의 화학 관리절차서 중 CO_2$ 규격 관리는 계통 재질의 건전성 확보와 방사선량 증가에 직결되기 때문에 고순도의 품질 보증이 요구되고 있다. CO_2$의 순도가 기준 값에 미달될 경우는 계통내에 직접적인 영향을 줄뿐 아니라 주변 환경으로의 오염 가능성도 상존하기 때문에 불순물의 정량관리는 매우 중요하다. 따라서 중수로 환형기체 계통에 공급되는 CO_2$ 중의 C, N_2$ 및 Ar등의 농도분석을 통하여 계통내에서 생성 될 수 있는 방사능 inventory를 평가하였으며 CO_2$의 불순물 관리 최적화와 중수로에서 생성되는 기체 방사성 폐기물 관리에 유용한 정보로 사용 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.22-33
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• 2021

In order to maximize the use of BIM, all data related to individual elements in the model must be correctly assigned, and it is essential to check whether it corresponds to the IFC entity classification. However, as the BIM modeling process is performed by a large number of participants, it is difficult to achieve complete integrity. To solve this problem, studies on semantic integrity verification are being conducted to examine whether elements are correctly classified or IFC mapped in the BIM model by applying an artificial intelligence algorithm to the 2D image of each element. Existing studies had a limitation in that they could not correctly classify some elements even though the geometrical differences in the images were clear. This was found to be due to the fact that the geometrical characteristics were not properly reflected in the learning process because the range of the region to be learned in the image was not clearly defined. In this study, the CRF-RNN-based semantic segmentation was applied to increase the clarity of element region within each image, and then applied to the MVCNN algorithm to improve the classification performance. As a result of applying semantic segmentation in the MVCNN learning process to 889 data composed of a total of 8 BIM element types, the classification accuracy was found to be 0.92, which is improved by 0.06 compared to the conventional MVCNN.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제58권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2021

Recently, shipyards are making many efforts to reduce the number of the mounted blocks by increasing the block size. This is to improve productivity and reduce related costs by minimizing block movement and shortening the building period. However, as the blocks become larger, the weight increases considerably. If the target block has a damage due to an unexpected accident during block lifting, it may seriously cause a problem of the reusability of the block. In this study, a large-sized block of the offshore structure weighing 480 tons was lifting with a total of seven sling belts, and one sling belt was broken while it was moving, resulting in a situation in which a part of the edge of the block collided with the ground. The aim of this paper is to verify the structural integrity of the block that directly collides with the ground in the form of free fall due to the sling breakage. Considering that the hook loads acting on several sling belts holding the block are redistributed when a sling belt is broken, the hook loads were recalculated at the angle just before the sling breakage. These loads were used to check the safety of the sling belts. In addition, FE analysis was performed by calculating the amount of impact from the free fall condition, obtaining the impact area by using Hertz's contact theory, and then applying the impact load to the area.

• 반도체디스플레이기술학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.74-78
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• 2019

As software becomes larger and network technology develops, the management of distributed data becomes more popular. Therefore, it is becoming increasingly important to use blockchain technology that can guarantee the integrity of data in various fields by utilizing existing infrastructure. Blockchain is a distributed computing technology that ensures that servers participating in a network maintain and manage data according to specific agreement algorithms and rules to ensure integrity. As smart contracts are applied, not only passwords but also various services to be applied to the code. In order to reinforce existing research on smart contract applied to the blockchain, we proposed a dynamic conditional rule of smart contract that can formalize rules of smart contract by introducing ontology and SWRL and manage rules dynamically in various situations. In the previous research, there is a module that receives the upper rule in the blockchain network, and the rule layer is formed according to this module. However, for every transaction request, it is a lot of resources to check the top rule in a blockchain network, or to provide it to every blockchain network by a reputable organization every time the rule is updated. To solve this problem, we propose to separate the module responsible for the upper rule into an independent server. Since the module responsible for the above rules is separated into servers, the rules underlying the service may be transformed or attacked in the middleware. Therefore, the security mechanism using TLS and PKI is added as an agent in consideration of the security factor. In this way, the benefits of computing resource management and security can be achieved at the same time.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.463-472
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 일회성 암호를 이용한 SIP UA와 서버 사이의 상호 인증 및 SDP 암호화 기법을 제안한다. 기존의 HTTP Digest 인증 기법의 취약성을 해결하기 위해 다양한 SIP 인증 기법이 연구되었지만, 여전히 취약성이 존재하거나 암호학적 연산량에 대한 부담이 존재한다. 제안 기술은 매 인증마다 해쉬함수를 사용하여 갱신되는 일회성 암호를 사용하여 복잡한 암호학적 연산을 필요로 하지 않으면서 효율적으로 사용자 인증을 수행한다. 또한 사용자 인증에 사용되는 일회성 암호를 통해 SIP 메시지의 무결성 검증 및 SDP 암/복호화를 수행하기 때문에 메시지 교환 과정에서 S/MIME, TLS 적용 시 발생하는 오버헤드를 줄일 수 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제80권6호
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• pp.701-709
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• 2021

The paper aims at improving the understanding and mitigating the effects of tunnel fires that may breakout due to the burning fuel and/or explosion within the tunnel. This study particularly focuses on the behavior of the commonly used horse shoe geometry of tunnel systems. The problem has been obtained using an adequate well-established program incorporating the Lagrangian approach. A transient-thermo-coupled static structural analysis is carried out. The effects of radiation and convection to the outer walls of the tunnel is studied. The paper also presents the impact of the hazard on the structural integrity of the tunnel. A methodology is proposed to study the tunnel fire using a model which uses equivalent steel sheet to represent the presence of reinforcements to improve the computational efficiency with adequate validation. A parametric study has been carried out and the effect of suitable lining property for mitigating the fire hazard is arrived at. Detailed analysis is done for the threshold limits of the properties of the lining material to check if it is acceptable in all aspects for the integrity of the tunnel. The study may prove useful for developing insights for ensuring tunnel fire safety. To conduct such studies experimentally are tremendously costly but are required to gain confidence. But, scaled models, as well as loading and testing conditions, cannot be studied by many trials experimentally as the cost will shoot up sharply. In this context, the results obtained from such computational studies with a feasible variation of various combinations of parameters may act as a set of guidelines to freeze the adequate combination of various parameters to conduct one or two costly experiments for confidence building.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.406-415
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• 2023

Background: Surgical management of a massive rotator cuff tear (RCT) is always challenging. This study describes the clinical and radiological outcomes of patients who underwent bridging grafts using a plantaris tendon for an irreparable RCT. Methods: Thirteen patients with a massive RCT were treated with arthroscopic interposition of a folded plantaris tendon autograft between June 2017 and January 2020. For clinical evaluation, a visual analog scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, Constant-Murley score, and range of motion values were collected. For radiographic evaluation, standardized magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography were performed to check the integrity of the interposed tendon. Results: A statistically significant improvement at the final follow-up was evident in scores for the VAS (-3.0, P=0.003), ASES (24.9, P=0.002), D ASH (-20.6, P=0.001), and Constant-Murley values (14.2, P=0.010). In addition, significant improvement was shown in postoperative flexion (17.3°, P=0.026) and external rotation (27.7°, P<0.001). In postoperative radiologic evaluations, the interposed tendons were intact at the last examination in 12 of the 13 patients. No complications related to donor sites were reported. Conclusions: An arthroscopic bridging graft for irreparable RCTs using a modified Mason-Allen stitch and a plantaris autograft resulted in improved short-term radiological and clinical outcomes. Graft integrity was maintained for up to 2 years in most patients. Level of evidence: IV.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2018

This study aimed to evaluate and verify a process for correcting the extended source-to-imager distance (SID) in portal dosimetry (PD). In this study, eight treatment plans (four volumetric modulated arc therapy and four intensity-modulated radiation therapy plans) at different treatment sites and beam energies were selected for measurement. A Varian PD system with portal dose image prediction (PDIP) was used for the measurement and verification. To verify the integrity of the plan, independent measurements were performed with the MapCHECK device. The predicted and measured fluence were evaluated using the gamma passing rate. The output ratio was defined as the ratio of the absolute dose of the reference SID (100 cm) to that of each SID (120 cm or 140 cm). The measured fluence for each SID was absolutely and relatively compared. The average SID output ratios were 0.687 and 0.518 for 120 SID and 140 SID, respectively; the ratio showed less than 1% agreement with the calculation obtained by using the inverse square law. The resolution of the acquired EPIDs were 0.336, 0.280, and 0.240 for 100, 120, and 140 SID, respectively. The gamma passing rates with PD and MapCHECK exceeded 98% for all treatment plans and SIDs. When autoalignment was performed in PD, the X-offset showed no change, and the Y-offset decreased with increasing SID. The PD-generated PDIP can be used for extended SID without additional correction.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제101권3호
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• pp.412-425
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• 2012

산지계곡부의 토석류 유출을 저지하는 콘크리트 사방댐은 콘크리트의 재료 및 시공 불량, 콘크리트의 열화로 인한 내구성 저하, 국부적으로 발생한 균열 등의 이유로 인하여 사방댐의 일부 또는 전체 구조물이 붕괴되어 그 기능을 손실하는 경우가 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 콘크리트 사방댐의 구조적 문제점과 안전성을 파악하여 사전에 대책을 강구하고 효율적인 유지관리를 할 수 있는 방안을 제안하였다. 그 방안은 콘크리트 사방댐 구조물의 콘크리트 압축강도를 비파괴적으로 평가하여 품질등급을 평가하는 것으로, 등급평가 단계에서 비파괴 콘크리트 압축강도 평가를 위해 SASW 기법이라고 하는 표면파 기법을 도입하였다. 또한 SASW 기법을 콘크리트 사방댐의 안정성 가에 활용할 수 있도록 SASW 시험의 현장적용방안, 콘크리트 결함에 따른 자료분석 기법, 평가기준에 대한 제안등에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 제안된 기법의 적용성과 신뢰성을 평가하기 위하여, 20년 이상 경과된 노후 콘크리트 방댐 5곳에 제안된 표면파 기법의 적용방안을 적용하여 보았다. 그 결과 콘크리트 사방댐의 여러 가지 콘크리트 함에 대해서도 SASW 기법에 의한 품질평가는 신뢰성 있게 수행될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었고, 본 연구에서 제 안한 품질등급 평가 결과는 사방협회에서 실시한 사방댐 점검결과와 일치하는 결과를 제시하였다.