• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2004년도 제29회 KOSCI SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.206-212
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• 2004

It is necessary to consider the stability, economic environmental-friendly problems by the development of the road, supply of the automobile, environmental problem as designing the exhaust system. To reduce the noise and the vibration of the automobile, it is needed to consider the pulsation noise, air current noise, vibration of air pipe which generate the intake and exhaust noise of the automobile. Moreover, the discharge sounds, intake sound, radiation sound, transmitted sound are occurred. To reduce this influence, the variable valve is needed and to control these factors, path transformation muffler and active type muffler are needed. While engine efficiency could be reduced with this transformationand resistance by the pressure, thermal property. In this study, how to design exhaust systems yielding higher condversion efficiency, lower backpressure and optimize the performance. this study is recommended for exhaust system and designers and engineers involved in SI engine exhaust system and it will furnish information for you to design more efficient.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2002

The head-capacity corves for pumps developed by the pump manufacturer are based on tests of a single pump operating in a semi-infinite pool with no nearby walls or floors and with no stray currents. Hence, flow into the pump suction is symmetrical with no vortices or swirling. Pump station designers rely on these curves to define the operating conditions for the pump selected. However, various constraints such as size, cost, and limitations on storage time require walls, floors, and pump intakes to be close proximity to each other. From this background, the authors are carrying out a systematic study on the flow characteristics of intakes within a sump found in pump stations. Model pump intake basin is designed and PIV is adopted as a measuring tool to capture the instantaneous flow patterns. Special attention is paid to investigate the flow patterns near the free surface, side-wall, and back-wall due to different clearances from back-wall to vortical intake pipe. Moreover, the locations and patterns of the various types of vortices that were found in the examinations are discussed.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2002년도 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.95-101
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• 2002

The head-capacity curves for pumps developed by the pump manufacturer are based on tests of a sin91e pump operating in a semi-infinite pool with no nearby walls or floors and no stray currents. Hence, flow into the pump suction is symmetrical with no vortices or swirling. Pump station designers rely on these curves to define the operating conditions for the pump selected. But various constraints such as size, cost, and limitations on storage time require walls, floors, and pump intakes to be close proximity to each other. From this background, the authors are carrying out a systematic study on the flow characteristics of intakes within a sump found within a sump of pump stations. Model pump intake basin is designed and PIV is adopted as a measuring tool to capture the instantaneous flow patterns. Special attention is paid to investigate the flow patterns near the free surface due to different clearances from back-wall to vertical intake pipe with bell mouse and without. Moreover, the locations and vorticities of the various types of vortices that were found in the examinations are discussed.

• 물과 미래
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.107-120
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• 1995

본 연구는 네팔의 Modi Khola 강 유역에 건설되는 Modi Khola 수력발전소의 취수구 구조물 및 침사지 구조물에 대한 수리모형실험 연구이다. 취수구 구조물은 축척이 1:20인 정상모형으로, 침사지 구조물은 수직방향 축척이 1:10, 수평방향 축척이 1:15인 왜곡모형으로 제작되었다. 본 실험에서는 이동상 모형이론에 의해 'Anthracite'($\rho_s$ =1.48)를 모형사로 선택하였다. 실험결과 취수구 구조물 부분에서는 세사영역의 유사퇴적을 막기 위해 적정한 높이의 guide wall 설치가 바람직하며, 효율적 배사를 위해 배사수문의 적절한 조작이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 침사지 구조물 부분에서는 효율적인 침사를 위해 침사지내의 난류호흡을 억제시키는 설계가 요구되었고, 침사지내 퇴사를 처리하기 위하여 설치된 유출구측의 배사 파이프는 침사지 전영역의 배사를 효율적으로 수행하지 못하였으므로 최대 퇴사가 발생하는 지점 근처에 추가로 배사 파이프를 설치하는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 침사효율은 평균 약 95%로 관측되었는데, 비교적 좋은 침사지 설계라 판단된다.

• 오토저널
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.67-87
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• 1991

The computer program which predicts the gas exchange process of multi-cylinder 4-Stroke cycle spark-ignition engine, can be great assistance for the design and development of new engine. In this study, the computer program was developed to predict the gas exchange process of multi-cylinder four stroke cycle spark ignition engine including intake and exhaust systems. When gas exchange process is to be calculated, the evaluation of the variation of the thermo-dynamic properties with time and position in the intake and exhaust systems is required. For the purpose, the application of the generalized method of characteristics to the gas exchange process is known as one of the method. The simulation model developed was investigated to the analysis of the branch system of multi-cylinder. The models used were the 2-zone expansion model and single zone model for in cylinder calculation and the generalized method of characteristic including area change, friction, heat transfer and entropy gradients for pipe flow calculation. The empirical constants reduced to least number as possible were determined through the comparison with the experimented indicator diagram of one particular operation condition and these constants were applied to other operating condition. The predicted pressures in cylinder were compared with the experimental results over the wide range of equivalence ratio and ignition timing. The predicted values have shown good agreement with the experimental results. The thermodynamic properties in the intake and exhaust system were predicted over the wide range of equivalence ratio and ignition timing. The obtained results can be summarized as follows. 1. Pressures in the exhaust manifold have a little influence on the equivalence ratio, a great influence on the ignition timing. 2. Pressures in the inlet manifold are nearly unchanged by the equivalence ratio and the ignition timing. 3. In this study, the behaviors of the exhaust temperature, gas in the exhaust manifold were ascertained.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2014

이 논문은 자동차 흡배기 장치, 발전기 튜닝 및 배기 측 인화성 물질 유입에 관련된 화재에 대한 사례를 분석하고 연구하는 것이다. 첫 번째 사례는, 흡기와 배기 장치의 튜닝한 상태에서 자동차의 시동을 켜 놓고 정차된 상태에서 가연성 스티로폼이 자동차 하체로 유입되고, 배기 열에 의해 불이 붙었고, 이 열원에 누설된 연료가 화재를 확대시킨 것으로 확인되었다. 두 번째 사례는 실내의 오디오 시스템을 튜닝하고 필요한 전기의 양을 증대하기 위해 발전기 용량을 높임으로써 발전기와 연결된 배선이 과열되어 화재가 발생된 것으로 확인되었다. 세 번째 사례의 원인은 정비사가 오일을 교환한 다음 플라스틱 용기로 된 깔때기를 엔진 내부에 둔 것이 엔진의 배기열에 의해 화재가 발생된 것으로 확인되었다. 따라서, 엔진의 흡배기 시스템과 발전기 시스템을 개조하지 않도록 하여야 하며, 자동차를 수리할 때나 점검할 때 배기측에 이물질이 유입되어 화재가 발생하지 않도록 자동차의 관리에 세심한 주의를 하여야 한다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.637-653
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• 1999

In this study well-known burned rate expressions of Weibe function and double Wiebe function have been adopted for the combustion analysis of large two stroke marine diesel engine. A cycle simulation program was also developed to predict the performance and pressure waves in pipes using validated burned rate function,. Levenberg-Marquardt iteration method was applied to cali-brate the shape coefficients included in double Wiebe function for the performance prediction of two-stroke marine diesel engine. As a result the performance prediction using double Wiebe func-tion is well correlated withexperimental dta with the accuracy of 5% and pressure waves in intake and transport pipe are well predicted. From the results of this study it can be confirmed that the shape coefficients of burned rate function should be modified using the numerical method suggested for the accurated prediction and double Wiebe function is more suitable than Wiebe func-tion for combustion analysis of large two stroke marine engine.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.1615-1617
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• 2009

The water resources project of 320 Ha second stage reclamation, in which including an University City, out of 800 Ha Ndata Farm, Malawa, had been under studied in this research. The challenge of C value of runoff coefficient was obtained as 0.8, by introducing the attenuation factors method, proposed by second author, an IDF dimensionless method customary used in Taiwan, proposed by the third author, is translated further to solve the project design rainfall; Rational Method, thus, obtains 11.5 CMS as the 5 year recurrence storage. The final job, completed by the third author's on-site performance, includs field alignments and discussions with the trustee, Malawa President H. E. Dr. Bingu Wa Mutharika, when a special concern of anti-theft. In order to provide sufficient supply up to an amount of 44,000 M3 during April to November, the sketch package includes 6 measurements: one water barrage, one sluice gate, one intake, one sediment reservoir, one water reservoir, and 3199 Km long gravity-driving hydraulic pipe.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제38권7호
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• pp.371-376
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 에폭시 수지 갱생 옥내급수관 수돗물에 대해 비스페놀-A 실태조사를 실시하였고, 비스페놀-A가 수돗물 음용에 있어 인체에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해 위해성 평가를 실시하였다. 원수 중 비스페놀-A는 50~118 ng/L로 채취된 모든 시료에서 정량한계 10 ng/L 이상으로 검출되었다. 이것은 주변지역의 하수 방류수나 지천에 의한 비스페놀-A 유입에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 정수에서의 비스페놀-A는 불검출되었으며, 고도정수처리 공정에서 모두 제거된 것으로 추정되었다. 응집-침전과정과 오존 및 염소에 의해 산화되어 제거되거나 다른 산화 부산물질로 변화한 것으로 판단된다. 옥내급수관 수돗물의 경우, 에폭시 갱생공사를 실시하지 않은 수돗물 모두에서 비스페놀-A는 검출되지 않았다. 그러나 에폭시 갱생공사를 실시한 옥내급수관 수돗물에서 비스페놀-A가 불검출에서 최대 521 ng/L로 범위로 검출되었으며, 채취된 시료의 68%가 정량한계 이상으로 검출되었다. 검출된 비스페놀-A의 최대값(521 ng/L)에 대한 위해도 지수 산정 결과, 위해도 지수(HQ)는 약 0.004로 수돗물 섭취에 의한 위해판단 기준값 0.1 이하로 나타나 음용에 안전한 것을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.1260-1271
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• 2001

The simulation program which predicts the gas behavior in a spark ignition engine has been developed and verified by the comparison with the experimental results foy the MPI engine, naturally aspirated and turbochared engines with a carburettor. First paper describes the calculations of the behavior of gas in the intake and exhaust system. The generalized method of characteristics including friction, heat transfer, area change and entropy gradients was used to analyse the pipe flow The constant-Pressure model was applied for the analysis of the flow through engine valved, and the constant-pressure perfect-mixing model was applied for the flow at manifold junction. The concept of the sudden area change was used for the muffler and catalytic convertor. Fer the plenum chamber in an MPI engine, constant-pressure model and constant-volume model were both examined. Through the comparison of predicted results with experiments, the simulation program was verified by showing good prediction of the behavior of IC engine qualitatively and quantitatively under wide range of operating conditions.