• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.76-82
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• 2021

An anthological analysis of known literature and historical sources is carried out in the work. It was found that the development of foreign language training of future professionals was influenced by a number of factors: socio-economic (focus on the needs of the labor market, integration into the international space, scientific and technological progress); educational (updating legal documents in the field of education, standardization of educational content, development of methods of professional development of a specialist). The historical period is analyzed and the following stages are determined: ideological (realization of ideological imperative in language and professional training of future specialists; educational-methodical (preparation according to unified curricula, reading and translation as a leading type of speech activity); integration (integration of foreign language teaching and multicultural education)), methodological (use of traditional verbal methods, standardized textbooks). Thus, the research conducted in the article indicates the periods (stages) of formation, functioning and development of foreign language education.

• Korean Medical Education Review
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2021

This review of the literature explored the experiences and effects of peer-assisted learning in basic medical education. Peer-assisted learning is most commonly utilized to teach clinical skills (including technical skills) and medical knowledge (76.4%). It has also been used, albeit less frequently, to facilitate small-group discussions including problem-based learning, to promote students' personal and professional development, to provide mentoring for career development and adaptation to school, to give tutoring to at-risk students, and to implement work-based learning in clinical settings. Near-peer learning is a common type. The use of active learning techniques and digital technology has been increasingly reported. Students' leadership had frequently been described. Student tutor training, programs for teaching skills, institutional support, and assessments have been conducted for effective peer-assisted learning. There is considerable positive evidence that peer-assisted learning is effective in teaching simple clinical skills and medical knowledge for tutees. However, its effects on complex skills and knowledge, small-group discussions, personal and professional development, peer mentoring, and work-based learning have rarely been studied. Additionally, little evidence exists regarding whether peer-assisted learning is effective for student tutors. Further research is needed to develop peer-assisted learning programs and to investigate their learning effects on student tutors, small-group discussion facilitation, personal and professional development, peer mentoring, and peer-led work-based learning in the clinical setting in South Korea. Formal programs and system advancement for a student-led learning culture is needed for effective peer-assisted learning.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.155-161
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• 2022

Recently, the number of cases of fire spreading due to exterior materials of buildings is increasing. Due to the nature of modern architecture, which emphasizes the aesthetics of buildings, because buildings pursue a splendid appearance, they are inexpensive and have relatively good insulation performance, but an increasing number of buildings are adopting insulation materials that have poor fire safety performance. The risk of spread is also greatly increased. Since the exterior wall of a building is made of a variety of materials and structures, it is composed of a combination of several elements, including materials such as insulation and finishing materials. Therefore, it was determined that it was necessary to introduce a more systematic evaluation method for building exterior materials, and to improve the system reflecting this, away from the existing evaluation method that only checked the fire safety performance of finishing materials.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.49-63
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• 2023

The inclusion of software and wireless communication devices in vehicles has raised concerns regarding automobile security. In its response, UNECE WP.29 implemented the first-ever international standard for automotive cyber security in June 2020. Yet, the existing disparity between national standards for automotive certification systems and 「UN Regulation No. 155」 has caused confusion among auto makers. This discrepancy not only jeopardizes the security of domestic vehicles but also poses challenges to the seamless import and export of automobiles. Hence, there is a need to enhance the automotive cyber security certification system; however, there is a dearth of scholarly discourse on this topic. Consequently, this study presents a proposal for enhancing the domestic automotive cyber security certification system. In view of this, existing legal frameworks such as the 「Motor Vehicle Management Act」 and the 「Self-Driving Vehicle Act」 were reviewed, along with domestic and international automotive certification systems. The recommendations for improvement, derived from the findings, encompass institutional, legal, and operational aspects. This study is highly significant as it examines both domestic and international automotive certification systems in an area where there is a lack of academic discussion.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.95-119
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• 2023

Public institutions defining the legal scope of records management are a prerequisite to ensure the accountability and public's right to know. In this study, the requirements essential for determining the legal scope of the concept of public records were identified. For this, the concept of policies and the scope of public records which were prescribed by current laws such as the Public Records Management Act, Electronic Government Act, and Framework Act on Electronic Documents and Transactions were analyzed by this study. Furthermore, by examining both domestic and foreign cases on the legal competence of evidence of digitized records, institutional supplementary points were proposed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.105-112
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• 2022

The current study is at the forefront of examining the theory of principal-agent framework and financing constraints to explain the level of corporate innovation. To boost the firm's level of innovation, this study uses corporate governance and corporate performance as driving factors. The study's secondary goal is to give information on the parallel relationship between corporate governance and the level of corporate innovation. This study used a two-step least square (TSLS) regression analysis to examine such a simultaneous association using secondary data from Indonesian listed businesses from 2000 to 2021, which totaled around 1,910 observations. This study uses the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) tool to test cumulative variances of potential corporate governance indicators such as the total commissioner of the firm (TCOM), total independent commissioner of the firm (INDPCOM), the proportion of institutional ownership (INSOWN), total female commissioner (FEMCOM), CEO duality (CEODUAL), and type of the firm (SOE). As a result, PCA reveals that four of these variables, omitting CEODUAL and SOE, were a corporate governance construct. Furthermore, the study discovered that the amount of firm innovation and corporate governance are related.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2021.05a
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• pp.247-248
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• 2021

Recently, the government is pursuing to reduce the serious accidents in most industries, including the construction industry, by enacting laws on punishment. The accident rate tends to be depended on the size and type of construction sites, and the accidents occur frequently due to inadequate implementation of safety management system and management standards, especially, in small and medium-sized sites. This study has performed the profiling of 265,000 accident cases on construction sites by attribute analysis such as the ratio of days lost to work, and pattern of days lost to work compared to the size of the construction. It turned out that the proportion of accident cases was high mainly in small-scale construction sites, and long-term labor losses occurred. Shortly, it is necessary to establish an institutional standard for applying a realistic safety management cost calculation and management system centered on small-scale sites. Therefore, this study is expected to be used as fundamental data or guideline for developing a customized safety management and accident prevention system for a worker reflecting the conditions of a construction site in the future.

• Iberoamérica
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.241-265
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• 2010

The main purpose of this study is to reveal the historical origins of Latin American economic underdevelopment, by answering two research questions; 1)'Why is Latin America underdeveloped?' and 2)'How has colonial experience impacted on the economic growth in Latin America?' First, this essay analyzes long-term tendency of growth domestic product(GDP) per capita data. The data verify that current underdevelopment of Latin American economy is the result of economic stagnation during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, when Latin America suffered political and economic instability before and after the independence from Spain and Portugal. It elucidates that colonial experience affected on the economic growth in Latin America. Second, this essay reviews key independent variables of the relationship between colonial experience and economic growth in Latin America. To do so, the study categorizes extant literature into two groups according to the type of its independent variables: 1)internal factor and 2)external factor. Finally, the essay surveys the role of institutions in Latin American economic growth and development. The survey confirms that the importance of institutions in the study of Latin American economic history. In addition, the essay suggests some tasks for further research in Latin American economic history; 1)the construction of basic economic data, 2)the substantialization of the role and characteristics of institutions, and 3)the expansion of research on institutions which overcomes ideological rigidity of existing institutional approach.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.33-49
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• 2023

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to examine the option selection and optimal trading of informed traders in KOSPI 200 options market based on the PIN (probability of informed trading) model of Easley et al.(2002). Design/methodology/approach - This study uses TAQ (trade and quote) data provided by Korean Exchanges (KRX) which contains all the bids and trades recorded during the continuous auction trading hours for the KOSPI 200 options between May 2019 and September 2020. Findings - First, there was no difference in the PIN between call and put options in the 2019 data, but the PIN of put options was slightly higher in 2020. Second, regardless of the type of option, the PIN was higher for in-the-money (ITM) options, and the PIN of out-of-the-money (OTM) options was the same as or slightly higher than that of at-the-money (ATM) options. Third, we found that the PIN decreases as trading liquidity increases, and fourth, the PIN increased sharply as the expiration date approached, especially for OTM options, while ITM and ATM options showed relatively weak effects. Fifth, for foreign and institutional investors, the periodicity of orders was observed in milliseconds, especially for foreign investors, where the periodicity of orders was clear and frequent in OTM options. The results suggest that the purpose of option trading varies depending on the moneyness from the perspective of the informed trader.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.485-492
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to identify factors related to unmet dental care needs among Korean youth, enhance the utilization of dental services by adolescents, furnish basic data for youth-oriented dental projects, and improve access to medical care. Methods: The analysis utilized combined data from the basic and oral databases from the 6th (2013-2015), 7th (2016-2018), and 1st year of the 8th (2019) National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Results: The factors influencing unmet dental care needs were gender, age, household income level, and health insurance. Statistically significant results were observed in relation to the type of dental clinic, recent visits to a dental hospital, experiences of toothache within the past year, subjective oral health status, occurrences of permanent dental caries, and engagement in orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: When formulating future national policies and projects, it is imperative to consider the factors and underlying reasons for the unmet dental care needs of adolescents. It is also necessary to establish oral health policies and institutional measures tailored to the dental care of adolescents.