• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.46-48
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• 2007

This paper presents research about improvement of fault detection algorithm in FRTU on the feeder of distribution system. FRTU(Feeder Remote Terminal Unit) is applied to fault detection schemes for phase fault, ground fault, and cold load pickup and Inrush restraint functions distinguish the fault current and the normal load current. FRTU is occurred FI(Fault Indicator) when current is over pick-up value also inrush current is occurred FRTU indicate FI. Discrete wavelet transform(DWT) analysis gives the frequency and time-scale information. The neural network system as a fault detector was trained to discriminate inrush current from the fault status by a gradient descent method. In this paper, fault detection is improved using voltage monitoring system with DWT and neural network. These data were measured in actual 22.9kV distribution system.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제4A권3호
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• pp.146-151
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• 2004

The most widely used primary protection for the internal fault detection of the power transformer is current ratio differential relaying (CRDR) with harmonic restraint. However, the second harmonic component could be decreased by magnetizing inrush when there have been changes to the material of the iron core or its design methodology. The higher the capacitance of the high voltage status and underground distribution, the more the differential current includes the second harmonic during the occurrence of an internal fault. Therefore, the conventional second harmonic restraint CRDR must be modified. This paper proposes a numerical algorithm for enhanced power transformer protection. This algorithm enables a clear distinction regarding internal faults as well as magnetizing inrush and steady state. It does this by analyzing the RMS fluctuation of terminal voltage, instantaneous value of the differential current, RMS changes, harmonic component analysis of differential current, and analysis of flux-differential slope characteristics. Based on the results of testing with WatATP99 simulation data, the proposed algorithm demonstrated more rapid and reliable performance.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.186-189
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• 1996

Convential inrush current detection method is used to harmonic restraint method by filtered second frequency component. Nowadays this technique must be modified because harmonics are occurred in steady state of power system. A purpose of this study is to develop of inrush current detection relaying algorithm for power transformer based on flux-current derivative curve method. We used the relaying signals obtained from EMTP simulation.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1987년도 정기총회 및 창립40주년기념 학술대회 학회본부
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• pp.449-453
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• 1987

This paper presents the detecting algorithm of inrush current which causes protective equipment to maloperate in energizing a power distribution line. This detecting algorithm uses the method which extracts the decay component and energy of 2nd harmonics by Prony Spectral Estimation Method existed AR model to new ARMA model. In this paper, the inrush currents are obtained by model simulations and fild tests. By applying these data to the detecting algorithm, it has been confirmed to discriminate inrush currents from fault currents.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제2A권4호
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• pp.153-159
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• 2002

Power transformer protective relay should block the tripping during magnetizing inrush and rapidly operate the tripping during internal faults. Recently, the frequency environment of power system has been made more complicated and the quantity of 2nd frequency component in inrush state has been decreased because of the improvement of core steel. And then, traditional approaches will likely be maloperate in the case of magnetizing inrush with low second harmonic component and internal faults with high second harmonic component. This paper proposes a new relaying algorithm to enhance the fault detection sensitivities of conventional techniques by using a fuzzy logic approach. The proposed fuzzy based relaying algorithm consists of flux-differential current derivative curve, harmonic restraint, and percentage differential characteristic curve. The proposed relaying was tested with relaying signals obtained from EMTP simulation package and showed a fast and accurate trip operation.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권7호
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• pp.1183-1190
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• 2007

This paper proposes the improved fault decision algorithm using DWT(Discrete Wavelet Transform) and ANNs for the FRTU(Feeder Remote Terminal Unit) on the feeder in the power distribution system. Generally, the FRTU has the fault decision scheme detecting the phase fault, the ground fault. Especially FRTU has the function for 2000ms. This function doesn't operate FI(Fault Indicator) for the Inrush current generated in switching time. But it has a defect making it impossible for the FI to be operated from the real fault current in inrush restraint time. In such a case, we can not find the fault zone from FI information. Accordingly, the improved fault recognition algorithm is needed to solve this problem. The DWT analysis gives the frequency and time-scale information. The neural network system as a fault recognition was trained to distinguish the inrush current from the fault status by a gradient descent method. In this paper, fault recognition algorithm is improved by using voltage monitoring system, DWT and neural network. All of the data were measured in actual 22.9kV power distribution system.

• 전력전자학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.397-402
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• 2005

유도기의 고정자를 직접 전력 계통에 연결하는 유도형 풍력발전기의 계통 연계시 과도 상태 돌입 전류의 크기를 줄이기 위한 새로운 소프트 스타터(Soft Starter) 제어 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 현재 국내에 가장 많이 설치되어 있는 정속 운전형 풍력발전시스템의 기본 구성을 살펴보고 특히 소프트 스타터의 계통 연계 알고리즘에 따라 발전 개시 순간 과도 상태 전류의 크기가 크게 달라짐을 확인하였다. 이를 위해 600kw급 유도 발전기를 포함한 정속형 풍력발전 시스템의 시뮬레이션 모델을 개발하였고 실험실 환경에서 제안된 알고리즘을 시험하기 위한 3.7kW급 모의실험장치를 제작하였으며, 소프트 스타터의 제어 알고리즘 개선에 의해 돌입전류의 크기가 약 20$\%$ 감소됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제53권9호
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• pp.500-506
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• 2004

This paper proposes a modified current differential relay for transformer protection unaffected by the remanent flux. The relay uses the same restraining current as a conventional relay, but the differential current is modified to compensate for the effects of the exciting current. To cope with the remanent flux, before saturation, the relay calculates the core-loss current and uses it to modify the measured differential current. When the core then enters saturation, the initial value of the flux is obtained by inserting the modified differential current at the start of saturation into the magnetization cure. Thereafter, the actual core flux is then derived and used in conjunction with the magnetization curve to calculate the magnetizing current. A modified differential current is then derived that compensates for the core-loss and magnetizing currents. The performance of the proposed differential relay was compared against a conventional differential relay. Results indicate that the modified relay remained stable during severe magnetic inrush and over-excitation because the exciting current was successfully compensated. This paper concludes by implementing the relay on a hardware platform based on a digital signal processor. The relay discriminates magnetic inrush and over-excitation from an internal fault and is not affected by the level of remanent flux.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.236-243
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• 2008

This paper analyses magnetic flux saturation of matching transformer considering characteristic of dynamic voltage restorer(DVR) system to solve voltage sags which are considered the dominant disturbances affecting power quality. This DVR consist of PWM inverter to inject arbitrary voltage, LC low pass filter and matching transformer for isolation and grid connection. However, the matching transformer has an excess of inrush current by magnetic flux saturation in the core of transformer. Due to this inrush current, the rating of matching transformers is double for needed nominal rating for protection of DVR. Therefore, in this paper, an advanced modeling method of magnetic flux saturation is used to analyze a magnitude and characteristic of magnetizing current. Simulation and experimental results considering characteristic of DVR system are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed analysis method.

• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2012

유도성 부하 네트워크의 기동에 의한 순간전압강하 및 기동전류 감쇄를 위해, TRIAC PWM 모듈과 순차기동시스템으로 구성된 제어시스템을 제안한다. 에어컨 컴프레서와 같은 대용량 유도성 부하의 기동시 발생하는 높은 순간전압강하와 기동전류를 최소화하기 위해 TRIAC PWM 모듈이 개발되었다. 대용량 유도성 부하 네트워크에서 부하의 동시 기동을 방지하는 순차기동시스템을 설계, 제작하였다. 제안된 제어시스템의 시험결과에 따르면, 본 시스템을 적용한 대용량 유도성 부하의 기동에 따른 배전계통의 순간전압강하 및 기동전류가 관련 국제규격을 효과적으로 만족시킬 수 있으며, 유도성 부하들의 동시 기동 문제 또한 효과적으로 해결할 수 있다. 제안된 시스템을 이용하면 최대전력소모량에 근거하여 부과되는 전력비용을 절감하거나, 유도성 부하 네트워크가 연결된 동일 배전 계통의 전력품질 안정화에도 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.