• 대한한방부인과학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.261-270
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• 2006

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to show the effect of acupuncture, moxibustion and magnetic innervation therapy for urinary incontinence symptoms. Methods : Ten female patients suffering from urinary incontinence had been given the treatments of acupuncture, moxibustion and magnetic innervation therapy for more than 8 times. Before and after treatment, they accomplished questionnaire for quality life survey and checked vaginal pressure measurement with perionometer. Results : The results were as follows 1) The mean${\pm}SD$ of Questionnaire score was significantly decreased from $35.40{\pm}11.88$ to $21.20{\pm}7.66$ after treatment(P<&0.047). 2) The mean${\pm}SD$ of maximum vaginal presssure was significantly increased from $48.80{\pm}25.35mmHg$ to $62.20{\pm}25.09mmHg$(p<&0.040). 3) The mean${\pm}SD$ of average vaginal presssure was significantly increased from $33.50{\pm}19.62mmHg$ to$43.10{\pm}16.49mmHg$(p<&0.015). Conclusion : Our results suggested that acupuncture, moxibustion and magnetic innervation therapy is effective for urinary incontinence symptoms.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.194-203
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• 2024

The anatomical variations of coracobrachialis muscle (CBM) are of great clinical importance. This study aimed to elucidate the morphological variations, innervation patterns and musculocutaneous nerve (MCN) relation to CBM. Upper limbs of fifty cadavers (30 males and 20 females) were examined for proximal and distal attachments, innervation pattern of CBM and its relation to MCN. Four morphological types of CBM were identified according to number of its heads. The commonest type was the two-headed (63.0%) followed by the single belly (22.0%), three-headed (12.0%) and lastly four-headed (3.0%) type. Moreover, an abnormal insertion of CBM was observed in four left limbs (4.0%); one inserting into the medial humeral epicondyle, the second into the upper third of humeral shaft, the third one in the common tendon of biceps, and the fourth one showing a bifurcated insertion. Also, four different innervation patterns of CBM were identified including MCN (80.0%), lateral cord (14.0%), lateral root of median nerve (4.0%), and median nerve itself (2.0%). The course of MCN was superficial to the single belly CBM (19.0%) and in-between the heads in the other types (71.0%). Measurements of the length and original distance of CBM muscular branches originating from MCN revealed no sex or side significant difference. Awareness of the anatomic variations, innervation patterns, and MCN relation of CBM is imperative in recent diagnostic and surgical procedures to obtain definite diagnosis, effective management and good outcome.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.52-59
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• 2003

연구목적: 여성 요실금 환자들의 불안과 우울의 정도를 알아보고 체외자기장신경치료 전후로 불안과 우울의 정도를 비교하고자 하였다. 연구방법: 산부인과 외래 여성 요실금 환자 55명을 대상으로 자가보고형 설문지를 이용하여 환자들을 호전군과 비호전군으로 나누어 체외자기장신경치료 전후로 불안과 우울의 정도를 측정하였다. 측정도구로는 Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory(BAI), Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)를 사용하였고 통계분석은 SPSS를 사용하여 치료전후의 불안과 우울의 정도를 T-test를 하여 비교하였다. 결과 및 결론: 여성 요실금 환자들은 높은 수준의 불안과 우울을 보였다. 불안과 우울의 정도는 체외자기장신경치료 후 요실금의 호전과 관계없이 감소하였다. 체외자기장신경치료를 포함하여 요실금의 치료는 치료의 성공유무와 상관없이 치료한다는 그 자체로 요실금 환자들의 불안과 우울에 도움을 주는 것 같다.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.304-307
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• 2023

The nervus conarii provides sympathetic nerve innervation to the pineal gland, which is thought to be the primary type of stimulus to this gland. This underreported nerve has been mostly studied in animals. One function of the nervus conarii may be to activate pinealocytes to produce melatonin. Others have also found substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide from the nervus conarii ending in the pineal gland. The following paper reviews the extant medical literature on the nervus conarii including its anatomy and potential function.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.775-787
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to investigate the postnatal development of pulpal innervation with the tooth development and eruption process in developing rat mandibular molars (postnatal 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 35day-old and adult rats). Immunohistochemical method was carried out for the detection of nerve fibers, using the antibody against calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP). The results were as follows: The feature of CGRP-IR nerve fibers were shown in a bead-like appearance. The time of nerve entering into the dental papilla of tooth follicle began at the occured advanced dentinogenesis. The development of Raschkow plexus began at the formative stage of the roots and was accelerated at the stage of the crown emerged into the oral cavity. The number of nerve fibers entering the odontoblastic layer increased with the tooth eruption and mastication. The development of innervation was shown to be related with the stage of the development of individual teeth rather than the chronological age of the rat.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.105-109
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• 2009

The laryngeal peripheral nerve system is presented on the basis of our results in the animal. This present paper forcused on the localization of each laryngeal motoneuron, the myotopical arrangements of motoneurons innervating the pharyngeal and esophageal striated muscles whitin the nucleus ambiguous in the motor nerve supply, and the pathway to the larynx in the sensory and symphathetic nerve supplies. Regarding the parasympathetic nerve supply, the neural ganglia and the ganglionic cells in and around the laryngeal nerves and in the laryngeal framework are demonstrated. Most of this innervations, however, is still unclear. In addition, we presented about external branch of superior laryngeal nerve and inferior laryngeal nerve. Discuss from the literature are also reported.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.147-151
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• 2002

전방골간신경 증후군은 전방골간신경의 질환으로서, 장무지 굴근, 심수지 굴근 및 방형 회내근의 마비가 나타나고, 감각은 정상인 것이 특징적이다. 전방골간신경 증후군은 많이 알려져 있으나 자기공명영상 소견에 대한 보고는 적으며, 신경 분포의 해부학적 변이를 가지는 전방골간신경 증후군에 관한 보고는 더욱 드물다. 저자들은 정상변이의 신경분포를 보이는 전방골간신경 증후군 증례를 1예 경험하였기에 방사선학적 소견을 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.57-62
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• 1996

Stellate ganglion block(SGB) improves cutaneous blood flow of the head and neck region and upper extremity. For this reason, SGB has been performed in neural and circulatory disorders. But there is controversy on the cerebral blood flow regulation by sympathetic innervation. We investigated the hypothesis that cerebral blood flow could be affected by blocking ipsilateral sympathetic innervation of cerebral blood flow could be affected by blocking ipsilateral sympathetic innervation of cerebral vasculature. In 10 volunteers, the blood flow velocity and pulsatility index(PI) of middle cerebral artery(MCA) was measured using Transcranial Doppler Flowmeter, before and 15 minutes after SGB, at block side and opposite side. The blood flow velocity of MCA at block side was increased from $62.60{\pm}7.60$ cm/s to $72.80{\pm}8.01$ cm/s(P<0.01) and the PI at block side decreased from $0.75{\pm}0.12$ to $0.60{\pm}0.11$(P<0.05). But the blood flow velocity and PI at opposite side did not change. This study demonstrated that the cerebral blood flow could be increased by SGB, the preganglionic nerve fibers of which synapse with other cervical sympathetic ganglions.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.97-102
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• 1996

The larynx has three major functions such as protective reflex, respiration and phonation, and is richly innervated by sensory, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. The sensory innervation of the laryngeal mucosa, which is involved in the perception of pain, mechanical and chemical irritation, prtects the airway via various laryngeal reflexes. We studied the distribution of Substance P (SP) and Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide (CGRP) sensory fibers in the rat's larynx using the immuno-histochemical methods. Many SP and CGRP immunoreactive fibers were found in all regions of the laryngeal mucosa except the vocal cords. SP immunoreactive fibers showed a very similar distribution to the CGRP fibers in the epithelium and submucosa. But SP immunoreactive fibers were sparser than CGRP immunoreactive fibers in distribution density. Both reactive fibers were denser in the supraglottic region than subglottic region. Especially, intraepithelial fibers displayed the densest innervation to the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis. h the subepithelium, SP and CGRP immunoreactive fibers were distributed along the wall of vessels and around the glands. The present results suggest that the regional distribution of SP and CGRP immunoreactivity may be responsible for the protective reflex function of the laryngeal inlet.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.48-64
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• 1995

Ultrastructure of nerves and their associated cells in the bronchiolar epithelium of the human fetal lung were studied with ultrastructural and immunohistochemical methods. The neuroendocrine cells were scattered along the basal part of non-ciliated respiratory epithelium and appeared as single cell (solitary neuroendocrine cell) or groups (neuroepithelial bodies). The solitary neuroendocrine cells were devoid of any detectable innervation, while the neuroepithelial bodies were associated with nerve ending containing morphologically afferent (sensory) and efferent (motor) intraepithelial terminals. The afferent nerve endings contained abundant mitochondria with long cristae. The efferent nerve endings were characterized by the presence of synaptic vesicles. Both types of nerve endings formed synaptic junction between nerve endings and neuroepithelial bodies cells. Serial sections of the intraepithelial nerves revealed that both morphologically afferent and efferent types of nerve endings may be formed by the same nerve fiber. By immunohistochemistry, bombesin and serotonin were localized in solitary neuroendocrine cells and neuroepithelial bodies of human fetal lung from various prenatal age groups. These results suggest that the neuroepithelial bodies cells of the human fetal lung have neuroreceptor function.