• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.321-340
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• 1995

The regeneration of destructed periodontal tissues is one of the ultimate objectives of periodontal therapy. Guided tissue regeneration technique was developed for the ideal regeneration of periodontal tissues. In order to investigate the role of fibronectin, laminin and tenascin in the regenerating process of periodontal tissues, the expanded PTFE barrier membranes(Gore Associates, USA) removed from the patients who had been treated by guided tissue regeneration(GTR) and guided bone regeneration(GBR) techniques were fixed in neutral formalin for 6-24 hours, embedded with paraffin, sectioned at $4-6{\mu}m$ in thickness, and immunohistochemically processed by Avidin-Biotin peroxidase complex method for detecting fibronectin, laminin and tenascin. Monoclonal mouse anti-human fibronectin antibody(Oncogene Science, USA., 1:100), monoclonal mouse anti-human laminin antibody(Oncogene Science, USA., 1:50) and mouse anti-human tenascin antibody(Oncogene Science, USA, 1:10) were used as primary antibodies. The light microscopic findings were as follows: (1) The distribution of fibronectin, laminin and tenascin was various according to the area of barrier membranes. (2) The distribution of fibronectin in case of GBR was extensive in the tissue on the outer surface of barrier membranes, and rare in the intervening space and on the inner surface. In case of GTR it was extensive on the outer surface and in the intervening space, and rare on the inner surface. (3) The distribution of laminin was rare in the tissue on the outer, the inner surface and intervening space of barrier membranes, regardless of GBR or GTR. (4) In case 'of GBR rare distribution of tenascin was observed on the outer surface only, except the inner surface and the intervening space of barrier membranes. In case of GTR the distribution of tenascin was extensive in the tissue on the outer surface, rare in intervening space and the inner surface. The results suggest that fibronectin, laminin and tenascin may play a important role in the regenerating process of periodontal tissue, and they may affect the outcome of healing.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.705-710
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• 2012

This study aims to analyse changes of inner temperature of PVS(Passive ventilation skin) and heat recovery when it has ventilation of air through PVS using numerical simulation in the winter condition. Results are as follows. 1) In case of the air inflows through PVS, change of inner temperature of PVS is lower than in case of the air flows inner space to out space, by dynamic insulation. 2) It was identified that the temperature gradient of PVS were bigger by increases of ventilation amount. To reduce ventilation load, heat transfer efficiency at the inner side of PVS is important and what performance of insulation at the inner side of PVS secure helps to improve heat performance of all PVS.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.82-92
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• 2017

Everyone wishes to live a happy life. Unfortunately, however, most people who have grown up in dysfunctional families grow up living wounded inner child' .This wounded inner child not only experiences conflicts in interpersonal relations but also exchanges wounds with others, which inflicts pain on them. Besides, they suffer from dependence and addiction, leading them to have miserable lives. This study seeks to review the definitions of the inner child and treatment methods using movies for the wounded inner child. The study found that as a field of art therapy, cinema therapy can have a positive effect on curing the emotionally wounded inner child.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.23-31
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• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this research was to find out the efficacy of Castanea crenata Inner Shell (CCIS) on the skin by comparing the difference effect between only MTS (microneedle therapy system) and the CCIS essence application after MTS treatment. Methods : The present author performed once a week and total 3 times of MTS treatment. The treatment time took about 5 ~ 10 minutes and the depth of the needle was adjusted according to the participant's skin condition. In the control group, essence base was applied after MTS and in the experimental group, CCIS powder dissolved essence was applied. One week after each treatment, the change of skin condition was measured. Two weeks after the end of the clinical trial, the skin condition was checked again. Results : In the case of the test group and the control group, there was a significant decrease in thermography temperature and there was a significant increase in skin tone. In the case of pores and pigmentation, there was no significant difference on both group. In the case of moisture, there was a significant increase only in the test group. Conclusion : The MTS treatment itself showed good effects on thermography temperature and skin tone. But in the case of the moisture effect, it was much better when the CCIS essence was applied to the skin after MTS treatment. This study suggests that CCIS essence increases the efficacy of MTS on the point of moisture.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Technology of Plasticity Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.295-299
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• 2006

The inner-structure bonded(ISB) sheet metal is defined as a composite sheet metal which has middle layer of truss-structure between two skin sheets. The characteristics such as ultra-light weight, high rigidity, high strength, etc are required especially for automobile parts. The characteristic of ISB sheet metal depends on inner-structure pattern or method of bonding. Pyramid type of crimped expanded metal is used for inner-structure and both of resistance welding and adhesive bonding are applied to make a specimen. As a result of compression test, it is appeared that forming limit is 10% reduction in thickness under a load of 8kgf per unit element(one inner-structure). In case of uniaxial tensile test the non-uniform surface integrity rather than the buckling of inner-structure happened at a load of 450kgf, which indicates elongation of 7.2% and thickness reduction of 13%. The eye-inspection method was applied to examine the defects occurring on the specimen during stretch forming. In case of biaxial stretch forming only the non-uniform deformation on the surface of a skin sheet could be observed. The forming limit in stretching of ISB sheet metal with the hemi-spherical punch of 150mm in diameter was 3mm in forming depth and 5% reduction in thickness.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.33-47
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• 1997

The purpose of the study is to examine the differences between rural and urban in the factors and the level of stress in adolescent, inner control and communication with parents. Also, It is to research the influence of environmental variables, inner control and communication with parents on adolescent's stress in sides of rural and urban. Therefore, I provide needed data in instructing students. For the data set, academic high school students in second grade in a town for rural and Su-Seung gu, Dal-Sugu, chung gu in Dae-gu for urban were chosen. The data were analyzed with the frequency, percentage, factor analysis Mean, S.D, reliability, t-test, regression in use of Spss PC+ Program. The main results are as follow. First, for rural students, stress level is displayed studies, future0affair, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower sphere. For urban students, it is displayed future-affair, studies, life-attitude, companions, self-assurance and home life in order by lower shpere. In case of rural "I don't know effective study method" is highly displayed by factors. In case of urban. "I am tired of a competitive life" is highly displayed. The mean of stress level is 3.22 for rural and 3.07 for urban. The differences between rural and urban are showed in self-assurance, studies and companions. Finally when we see the stress generally the stress level is higher in rural high school students than in urban high school students. Second, rural students are lower displayed than urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference urban students in inner control and communication with parents. There is no difference in communication with a mother. third, influential variables on stress level are inner control, communication with parents, satisfaction with companions and school life as environmental variables in sides of rural and urban. Physical condition is added for rural and sex for urban Finally we get the result that stress level is high in low inner control, poor communication with parents, bad companions and unsatisfied school life for both rural and urban. Bad physical condition for rural and female for urban are added.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.41-51
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• 2018

In case of evaluating the bond stress of a void deck plate using a wire steel, there is no standard formula considering both the influence on the void and the type of the reinforcing bar. Therefore we proposed a model equation considered the bond characteristics of the void deck plate. A total of 46 specimens was carried out a direct pull-out test and the test variables were the presence of a void body, type of reinforcing bar, the inner cover thickness according to the location of reinforcing bars and bond region. As a result of the comparison between the steel bar and steel wire, the bond stress of the steel wire with the relative rib area of 0.071 is 4.5 ~ 28.58% lower than that of the steel bar with 0.092 and the bond stress reduction rate increases when the inner cover thickness is insufficient. In the case of the inner cover thickness of $1.7d_b$ and $2.7d_b$, the bond stress was reduced to 48.7 ~ 68.4%. In the inner cover thickness was $4.9d_b$ and $5.2d_b$, the bond stresses were equivalent to those of the solid specimens. It was confirmed that the average bond stress and strain were affected by the inner cover thickness. Therefore the predicted model for one module of the void deck plate is proposed and verified by considering the bond characteristics of the void deck plate.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.491-499
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• 2020

Increasing impervious surfaces can cause various physical and mental illnesses as well as further problems like deterioration of the thermal environment and disconnection of the water circulation system in the downtown area. This study is intended to suggest baseline data for the future creation or remodelation of large-scaled urban parks in consideration of human health on the aspect of climate by analyzing air ions condition and correlation analysis between air ions and meteorological elements depending on distances from the center in the urban park. The study site was divided into four types by distances from the center of Olympic Park in Songpa-gu, Seoul, then classified as A and B. After selecting 80 points to record, land coverage and vegetation status were investigated, and then meteorological elements and air ions were measured. First, the green space rate by section is A section Center (90%)> Inner (70%)> Outer-inner (10%) = Outer (10%), B section Center (100%)> Inner (60%)> Outer- In order of inner (30%)> Outer (0%). Second, for weather factors, the temperature was analyzed by Outer (24.18℃) > Outer-inner (22.90℃) > Inner (22.43℃) > Center (21.719℃). For relative humidity, center (46.49%) > Inner (43.36%) > Outer-inner (42.41%) > Outer (38.53%) was analyzed. Third, In the case of cations in the air ions, Outer(435.71ea/㎤) > Outer-inner(415.16ea/㎤) > Inner (389.46ea/㎤) > Center (352.64ea/㎤). In the case of negative ions, Center (569.72ea/㎤) > Inner (499.83ea/㎤) > Outer-inner(410.58ea/㎤) > Outer (292.02ea/㎤). It was analyzed to increase toward Center, and analyzed to decrease with increasing distance from road. For the Air ion index, it was analyzed as Center (1.67) > Inner (1.31) > Outer-inner (1.08) > Outer (0.71). Negative irons was analyzed to increase when its measuring points close to the center and decrease with shortening distance to the road. Fourth, as a result of correlation analysis, positive(+) correlation is negative ions and ion index. These were measured to increase as the recording points closing to the center of the park from the road. The negative(-) correlation is temperature, solar radiation, and positive ions. These increased as getting closer to the road.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.971-980
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• 2010

In this paper, an artificial neural network (ANN) was employed to build a predicting model for refrigerator structure. The predicting model includes three input variables of the plaque depth (D), width (W) and interval distance(S) on the inner wall. Finite element method was utilized to obtain the data, which would be necessary for the ANN training process. Finally, a genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to find the optimal parameters that leaded to the minimum inner case deformation under operating condition. The optimal combination found is the depth(D) of 2.63mm, the width(W) of 19.24mm and the interval distance(S) of 49.38mm which leaded to the smallest deformation of 1.88mm for the given refrigerator model.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.7
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• pp.55-69
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• 2001

This article focuses on subject of the present question to traditional market. These days traditional markets have systemic problems due to deterioration of the outer market circumstance and the inner defect and the inner frailty. In this situation, from the SangNam market case analysis, was traced the alternative activation strategies. Issued the 6 inner competency competition strategies for traditional market and issued 7 functional frame for organization system construction. Struggle strategies is built up of the inner organization solidarity and effective management system. So as to build struggle strategies, suggested and issued the 4 phase organization frame to strength stage of traditional market organization operating.