• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.169-176
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• 1982

This study attempts to explore and explain major socieconomic factors which determine the extent of rural consumers' external search behavior in cases of two product categories: electric appliances and clothing. For the purpose of this study, interviews were conducted with 201 home managers in four rural towns(Hwasun, Haenam, Naju, and Bulkyo) of South Cholla Province. On the whole, the hypotheses that socioeconomic status, age and the characteristics of region of rural consumers make significant differences in their shopping motivation and the extent of external search are generally supported in case of clothing. No substantial differences are found in case of electric appliances. This study suggests that the effective purchasing system and the providing of informative consumer information would be needed to rural consumers for their extensive search. It also suggests that psychological aspects and situational variables in addition to socioeconomic aspects presumably contribute to our understanding of search behavior.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.203-212
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• 2024

The area under the ROC curve (AUC) is one of the most common criteria used to measure the overall performance of binary classifiers for a wide range of machine learning problems. In this article, we propose a L₁-penalized AUC-optimization classifier that directly maximizes the AUC for high-dimensional data. Toward this, we employ the AUC-consistent surrogate loss function and combine the L₁-norm penalty which enables us to estimate coefficients and select informative variables simultaneously. In addition, we develop an efficient optimization algorithm by adopting k-means clustering and proximal gradient descent which enjoys computational advantages to obtain solutions for the proposed method. Numerical simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method shows promising performance in terms of prediction accuracy, variable selectivity, and computational costs.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.7
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• pp.59-74
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• 2006

Objectives: The purpose of this research is to find out the relations among children‘s perceived competences, expressive disposition of interpersonal relations, and parents’ social support, which influence their self image. Methods: The samples to achieve the purpose of this research are composed of 294 students in G elementary school, OO city, Kyounggido, the number of male students in the fifth year being 71, female 77, and male students in the sixth year being 73, female 73. After having excluded the data of 9 students among them due to their insincere reply, this research analyzed the data of 285 students by using SPSS WIN Ver. 13.0. Results: First, after having observed the average difference stemming from each method, this research found that there is no sexual difference in parents‘ social support. (p<.05). In children's perceived competences, female students is higher only in active aspect than male students, but there is no meaningful difference in other aspects. In expressive disposition of interpersonal relations, the showing-off and narcissistic expressive tendency of female students is higher than that of male students, but there is no meaningful difference in other aspects. Second, this research found out the meaningful static correlation among parents' social support, children's perceived competences, and expressive disposition of interpersonal relations. Parents' emotional, appreciative, and informative support has the static correlation with all the other aspects of children's perceived competences, and material support has the static correlation with children's academic, active, and general self-esteeming sense (p<.05, p<.01). Third, this research observed, of all the aspects of parents' social support and expressive disposition of interpersonal relations, what variable is affecting children's perceived competences, and found that parents' appreciative support, showing-off and narcissistic expressive tendency, material support, and informative support, each in order, has meaningful influence (p<.05, p<.01). This fact shows that the further the children recognize these supports of their parents', the more affirmatively they recognize their competences, and the further the children of showing-off and narcissistic expressive disposion recognize their competences. Conclusions: First, sampling was conducted of the fifth and sixth male and female students of OO elementary school, and so the result of this research has the applicative limitation in the generalization for all the elementary school students. Therefore this research suggests further researches by broad sampling for the more advanced generalization. Second, this research only observed the differnce of perception deriving from gender and school year, but the parents' social support levels perceived by children reveal many differnces according to children's characters or their families' variables. Therefore this research suggests subsequent researches on various variables.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.277-292
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• 2005

The objectives of this study are to examine the degree of propensity for symbolic consumption among adolescents and its factors, and to investigate the effects of demographic variables - sex, grade, father's education, mother's education, father's job, mother's job, monthly allowance, monthly household income - self-esteem, and socialization agents variables - parents, friends, mass media - on the propensity. In this study, the propensity for symbolic consumption is defined as the propensity to consume products through their affective, subjective, and symbolic value rather than through their practical and utility value. The data used in this study were collected from 509 adolescents who are in the 2nd grade of middle or high schools in Pusan. The research results can be summarized as follows: 1. The propensity for symbolic consumption were found to have significant differences according to sex, father's education, mother's education, mother's job, and monthly allowance. 2. It differs significantly according to adolescents' self-esteem. That is, the lower self-esteem adolescents have, the higher propensity for symbolic consumption they show. 3. It also differs significantly according to the degree of communication with parents, the degree of accepting friends' view, the degree of communication with friends, the degree of informative influence from friends, and the degree of taking in mass media.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.1247-1258
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• 2011

This study aimed to clarify the relationships among the characteristics of consumers and their influence on fashion leadership. Two kinds of variables were investigated in this study: centrality of visual product aesthetics and consumer innovativeness as personal characteristics, and role-relaxed consumption and consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence as interpersonal characteristics. Data were gathered by surveying university students in the Seoul metropolitan area, using convenience sampling, and 322 questionnaires were used in the statistical analysis. In analyzing data, correlation analysis, factor analysis, and regression analysis were conducted. Factor analysis on the centrality of visual product aesthetics revealed three sub-factors: value, acumen, and response intensity. Meanwhile, factor analysis for consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence revealed two sub-factors: informative and normative conformities. However, consumer innovativeness, role-relaxed consumption, and fashion leadership revealed only one factor. Regression analysis showed that visual product aesthetics, especially acumen and response intensity, were the most influential factors; furthermore, consumer innovativeness and normative conformity had positive influence on fashion leadership. However, role-relaxed consumption had negative influence on fashion leadership.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.5-12
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• 2020

The Purpose: This study aims to identify the characteristics of customer satisfaction of the restaurants delivery applications that is increasing globally, especially in Korea. Due to demographic changes, social trends and the development of food science, customers no longer want to visit restaurants. This represents an important change in the restaurant business, and related research is also very urgent. Research design, data, and methodology: With 296 surveyed questionnaire, the study analyzed to verify the validity and reliability of measured variables in Korea. And structural equation model was used for hypotheses test of the research. Results: The result showed that consumers' usefulness, mobility, and reliability influenced on satisfaction. Specifically, mobility and reliability influencing the satisfaction and loyalty as well. And significant impact of satisfaction and loyalty are also corroborated. However, the path from informative to both satisfaction and loyalty was not statistically significant. This means food application developers should no longer focus on providing too many information, instead, concentrate on improving mobility and trust of mobile applications. Conclusions: This study analyzed the influence of attributes of food delivery applications on satisfaction and loyalty, and suggested crucial strategic implications of delivery marketing companies involved in the implementation of mobile application developers.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.7-17
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify factors that enhance the effectiveness of bulk text message advertising on consumer attention in the telecommunications industry in Zimbabwe. Research design, data and methodology: The study collected data using structured questionnaires. The study attracted 293 responses from consumer subscribers of the Zimbabwean telecommunications industry. Data was analysed using SPSS and measures of association, direction, strength and significance were used. Results: The study found out that the examined variables of bulk text messaging (Simplicity, Frequency and Informativeness) had a positive significant impact on consumers' attention (β= 0.645; p-value < 0.05). The study examined four bulk text advertising determinants, namely frequency, simplicity, informativeness and credibility. Only credibility was found to be statistically insignificant (p-value > 0.05), whilst frequency had an inverse effect on consumer attention. Simplicity of bulk text advertisements recorded a high positive and significant impact whilst informativeness was also positively, and significantly affecting consumer attention. Conclusions: The study concluded that for bulk text advertising to be effective, text messages should be informative, easy to understand and dispatched less frequently. It was further concluded that bulk text advertising should follow permission marketing where consumers consent before hand to be recipients of commercials.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2015

Purpose: This study identified the current status and perception of intensive care unit nurses' handover. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive survey was employed. The population included nurse managers and staff nurses who worked in intensive care units in hospitals with more than 500 beds and excluded nursing homes, psychiatric hospitals, and military hospitals. Results: Of the nurses, 61.7% were satisfied with the current handover method, 68.36% had no handover-related guidelines, and 83.2% of them perceived that the handover was important for patients' safety. The most frequent cause for errors related to handover was that the "nursing workload is heavy." The nurses perceived that their handover was informative ($5.62{\pm}0.79$) and efficient ($5.04{\pm}0.98$). The variables associated with their perception of the handover were the level of satisfaction with the current handover method, existence of handover guidelines, and importance of handover for patient safety. Conclusion: The development of standardized handover guidelines, especially for intensive care units, is necessary to reduce handover time and errors and to improve handover quality for patients'safety and high standards of nursing care.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.43-62
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of child care teachers' happiness and social support on job performance. Methods: The subjects were 380 teachers employed in child care centers and kindergartens in Gyeonggi Province. Self-report questionnaires were used to investigate teachers' happiness, social support and job performance. The data were analyzed by frequency, percent, Pearson's correlation and stepwise regression with the SPSS program. Results: The results of this study were as follow. First, teachers' job performance was positively associated with teachers' happiness. The highest correlation sub-variable was purpose in life. Next were personal growth, self-acceptance, environmental mastery and autonomy. And the last was positive relationships with others. Teachers' job performance was positively associated with teachers' social support. The highest correlation sub-variable was evaluative support. Next were affective support and material support. And the last was informative support. Second, teachers' happiness and social support affected job performance. Evaluative support, which was a sub-variable of social support, affected job satisfaction. And personal growth, purpose in life, and self-acceptance, which were sub-variables of happiness, affected job satisfaction. Conclusion: This study revealed that teacher's happiness and social support were important factors for teachers job performance.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.57-75
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• 2000

Most current literature on knowledge and technology transfer(Appropriability Model, Dissemination Model, and Knowledge Utilization Model), describe the process of transfer in details, but has limitation in terms of their application in contemporary high-tech industries since most studies have not provided plausible explanation on levels and factors affecting transfer of knowledge and/or technology. To overcome these limitations, the four levels of knowledge and technology transfer are suggested: Knowledge and Technology Creation(Level I), Sharing(Level II), Implementation(Level III), and Commercialization(Level IV). Comprehensive literature identifies sixteen variables affecting the process and results of knowledge and technology transfer. The survey results show four key factors in knowledge and technology transfer: Communication, Distance, Equivocality, and Motivation, Communication refers to the degree to which a medium is able to efficiently and accurately conveys task-relevant information and media while distance involves both physical and cultural proximity. Equivocality refers to the degree of concreteness of knowledge and technology to be transferred while motivation involves incentives for and the recognition of the importance of knowledge and technology transfer activities. Further analysis shows that there are four distinctive clusters and they show very contrasting characteristics in terms of four key factors. The careful mapping of the four clusters on the four key factors show very informative knowledge and technology transfer patterns, the Knowledge and Technology Transfer Grid. Finally, actions to increase communication interactivity and motivation, and to reduce cultural distance and equivocality are suggested.