• 한국직업건강간호학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.65-74
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to predict industrial accident rate using time series analysis. Methods: The rates of industrial accident and occupational injury death were analyzed using industrial accident statistics analysis system of the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency from 2001 to 2014. Time series analysis was done using the most recent data, such as raw materials of Economically Active Population Survey, Economic Statistics System of the Bank of Korea, and e-National indicators. The best-fit model with time series analysis to predict occupational injury was developed by identifying predictors when the value of Akaike Information Criteria was the lowest point. Variables into the model were selected through a series of expertises' consultations and literature review, which consisted of socioeconomic structure, labor force structure, working conditions, and occupational accidents. Results: Indexes at the meso- and macro-levels predicting well occurrence of occupational accidents and occupational injury death were labor force participation rate for ages 45-49 and budget for small scaled workplace support. The rates of industrial accident and occupational injury death are expected to decline. Conclusion: For reducing industrial accident continuously, we call for safe employment policy of economically active middle aged adults and support for improving safety work environment of small sized workplace.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2015

This study is to examine the workers' awareness of the safety in logistic centers. For that purpose, the exploratory factor analysis of workers' safety awareness in logistic centers was performed at first, and the 6 variables extracted from the factor analysis were then used to investigate the difference in intergroup awareness of the safety environment in the logistic centers. We administered a survey to 147 workers attending the logistic centers and collected data from them. The results of the study showed that the intergroup awareness of the safety environment turned out to be statistically different from each other in terms of working environment, safe behavior, work risk, safety knowledge and effort, risk justification and compromising attitudes. Experiences in industrial accidents influenced awareness of working environment, work risk and risk justification. The group who experienced accidents is more likely to feel risky and unsatisfied with working place, and their awareness toward risk justification was high as well. It was also observed that there exists awareness difference between manager group and worker group. The group who manages the working place showed more positive awareness of working environment, safe behavior, work risk, safety knowledge and effort, risk justification and compromising attitudes than the worker group. On the contrary, the worker group showed high recognition in risk of working place, and felt that they are willing to compromise on safety for increasing production. The scale of the logistic center produced negative influence on awareness of safety. The group in small logistic center showed the highest awareness in safety, whereas the group in large logistic center with more than 100 workers showed the highest awareness in risk. They are more likely to deviate from correct and safe work procedures due to over-familiarity with the job, as well. The findings suggest that there is a need for the safety management and education to change the workers' understanding and attitudes towards safety.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.428-432
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to research 'Daeri' drivers who work for drunken customers as a substitute driver. This was the first study in Korea to investigate assault and verbal abuse experienced while employed as a 'Daeri' driver. Methods: In this study, we conducted a survey to investigate people who work as 'Daeri' drivers. The survey was performed from September 1 to 7, 2014. The participants were 166 adult men and women who work as full-time 'Daeri' drivers. Results: Participants who experienced physical violence and assault from the customers to the point of disturbing safe driving in a year were 36.1% of total respondents. People who experienced verbal abuse to the point of disturbing safe driving in a year totaled 80.4% of respondents. In addition, there were also qualitative research results. Conclusions: Acts that impede safe driving are a danger to both passengers and drivers. By protecting the safety of 'Daeri' drivers, we will be able to protect the safety of citizens. Therefore, it is necessary to make an effort to protect 'Daeri' drivers from customer violence. Furthermore, it is also necessary to research policy to emplace a legal system that can protect 'Daeri' drivers.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제59권3호
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• pp.5.1-5.10
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• 2017

Background: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the leading causes of economic losses in the beef and dairy industry. Reliable antemortem tools for diagnosing BRD would improve the efficacy of treatment and reduce costs. Here we examined whether the relatively simple technique of thoracoscopy can support BRD diagnosis under field conditions. We also compared various equipment set-ups in order to optimize the safety and efficacy of the procedure. A total of 24 thoracoscopic procedures were performed in 17 calves diagnosed with BRD and in 2 healthy control calves. Rigid and flexible endoscopes and industrial videoscopes were tested using various insertion approaches. The suitability of the technique was assessed in terms of duration, volume of air extracted, visualization score, and image quality. Safety was assessed in terms of rectal temperature, body weight, breaths/min, presence of fibrinogen, pain score, recovery time, intraoperative complications and risk of laceration or threatening collapse. Results: Insertion of a flexible endoscope via a right, dorso-caudal approach at the $5^{th}$ intercostal space allowed complete examination of the right lung in 15 min, as well as identification of main lung lesions and adherences in calves with BRD, without compromising calf welfare. While the dorso-caudal approach was optimal, it was associated with substantial discomfort when rigid endoscopes were used, minimal complications or mortality due to thoracoscopy were observed up to 28 days after the procedure. Videoscopes were as safe and easy to use as endoscopes, but endoscopes provided better image quality. Conclusion: This study provides the first field evidence that thoracoscopy can be safe to explore BRD-diseased calves. These results justify a larger study to rigorously assess the diagnostic performance of the technique.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.485-492
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• 2013

The temperature changes of dumpling(mandu) during cooking process were examined and the effects of time-temperature and/or time-size interactions on internal temperature were studied. Mandu was purchased from local markets and classified by its weight(small, medium, and large). Boiling, steaming, pan frying, and deep fat frying were adopted. Internal temperature was measured with a food thermometer in every one minute. The internal temperature of mandu increased over time in every cooking process(p<0.05). After three minutes the internal temperature of mandu in boiling, pan frying, and deep fat frying reached over at $74^{\circ}C$, which is high enough temperature to kill the harmful bacteria, but not in steaming. The internal temperature of mandu was significantly affected by cooking time, size, and both in boiling, steaming, and deep fat frying(p<0.05). There were significant differences between the internal and surface temperatures of mandu in the cooking processes except pan frying in three minutes(p<0.05). The results of this study indicate three minutes' cooking of the mandu by boiling, pan frying, and deep fat frying is safe enough to eat. However, longer steaming time is needed in order to reach safe temperature. This study also indicates the cooking time and size of mandu appear to be major factors in determining the internal temperature achieved at $74^{\circ}C$. More research is needed to check time to reach a safe temperature in the cooking process of mandu by steaming.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2007

Instrument transformers are a safe measurement device designed to measure high voltage and large current. A current transformer(CT) is a type of instrument transformer designed to provide a current in its secondary winding proportional to the current flowing in its primary. It is commonly used in metering and protective relaying in the electrical power industry where it facilitates the safe measurement of large current. But, care must be taken that the secondary of a current transformer is not disconnected from its load while current is flowing in the primary, as this will produce a dangerously high voltage across the open secondary, and may permanently affect the accuracy of the transformer. Especially, industrial disaster such as an electric shock and/or a burn accident occurs occasionally by disregard of warning or attention. In this paper, we developed the detector for open of current transformer secondary terminal, and which was tested by the Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute. Test results show that Current Transformer secondary Open Detector(CTOD) interrupted within one second electronically when the 2nd terminal of current transformer opened.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2008

This study aims to propose the concept design of oil spill protection robot which can rapidly intervene to control the oil spillage situation at the sea. Taking into account the fact that a huge amount of oil is transported trans-continentally by oil tanker, none of industrialized countries are completely safe from the marine oil spill which results in social, economical and ecological damages to their communities. The employment of double hull-oil tanker, pipe line transporting can be most safe way. Yet complete prevention of oil spill is probably not realistic. Accordingly the alternative solution to control marine oil spill and minimize the damages caused by the incident using intelligent robot technology based on swarm control method is proposed. The main features of oil spill protection(OSP) robot is explained via following three perspectives. Firstly, from functional point of view, OSP robot system safely and efficiently replaces oil boom installation manually conducted by human workers with intelligent robot technology based on swarm control theory. For second, its modular architecture brings efficient storage of main components including oil boom and facilitates maintenance. For the last, its geometric form and shape enables whole system to be installed to helicopter, boat or oil tanker itself with ease and to rapidly deploy the units to the oil spill area.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2003

Uzi fly (Exorista bombycis Louis) is one of the major larval endo-parasitoid of silkworm (Bombyx mori). It causes extensive damage to sericulture industry. The application of synthetic organic pesticides has tremendous impact on minimizing pest population but their overuse and frequent misuse and high sensitivity towards the silkworms, has forced the entomologists to search for alternatives to chemical control, which is safe to silkworm, environment and farm workers. Biological control continues to offer exciting possibilities for the control of fly pest population. It is environmentally safe alternative to chemical control and offering a long-term protection. Several potential hymenopteran parasitoids have been screened. Among successful natural enemies, Nesolynx thymus, Trichomalopsis apanteloctena, Trichopria sp., Brachymeria lasus, Pediobius sp., Spalangia sp., Spilomicrus karnatakensis and Dhirhinus sp. are important. It is essential to predict accurately the efficacy of these natural enemies in a new habitat prior to its introduction. The important desirable attributes of these potential parasitoids viz., host searching capacity, specificity, power of increase and fitness and adaptability of the parasitoid in new environment has been recorded. Results of the host parasitoid interaction indicate that the aging of the host function as a factor that influence the host finding efficiency of the parasitoid. It is highly scored with 15-20 hrs old pupa of the host. However, aging of the parasitoid does not significantly affect it. The sex ratio is female biased which is advantageous from biological control point of view, Biological suppression methods involving conservation and utilization of natural enemies have been discussed in detail.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2007년도 춘계학술발표논문집
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• pp.199-202
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• 2007

논문에서는 첫째, 기존의 단순 One-path XOR 방법보다 안전한 M ${\ast}$ N Puzzle 기법을 이용한 Key 전송방법을 제안한다. 둘째, 생성된 Puzzle은 서버에 저장하지 않으므로 기존의 시스템보다 보안성이 높은 방법을 제안한다. 셋째, 클라이언트에서 복호화 할 때 OTP와 함께 Puzzle을 복호화 하는 클라이언트 복호화 시스템을 제안한다. 넷째, M ${\ast}$ N Puzzle 기법과 OTP를 조합으로 보다 안전한 키 전송을 제안한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.605-614
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• 2007

Feeding pigs used to be a means of managing domestic resources that may otherwise have been wasted into valuable animal protein. Feeding pigs thus was a form of husbandry. Following recent rapid industrial development, pig rearing has changed from extensive to intensive, but this transformation has been associated with major concerns. The concentration of large amounts of pig manure in small arrears is environmentally hazardous. Moreover, high densities of animals in intensive production systems also impose a health threat for both animals and humans. Furthermore, the use of growth promoters and preventive medicines for higher production efficiencies, such as in-feed antibiotics, also induces microbial resistance thus affects human therapeutics. In addition, consumers are questioning the ethics of treating animals in intensive production systems. Animal welfare, environmental and bio-safe issues are re-shaping the nature of pig production systems. Feeding pigs thus involves not only the consideration of economic traits, but also welfare traits and environmental traits. Thus, a focus on technological feasibility, environmental sustainability and social desirability is essential for successful feeding operations. Feeding pigs now involves multiple projects with different sustainability goals, but goal conflicts exist since no pattern or scenario can fulfill all sustainability goals and the disagreements are complicated by reduced or even no use of in-feed antibiotics. Thus it is difficult to feed pigs in a manner that meets all goals of high quality, safe product, eco- and bio-sustainability, animal welfare and profit. A sustainable pig production system thus requires a prioritization of goals based on understanding among consumers, society and producers and needs to view from both a local and global perspective.