• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.1034-1041
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• 2011

Generally, In distributed online game server system, game maps are processed separately by means of dividing into several unit blocks. But the keeping normal distribution of user in game map is very difficult because preferences of game users are not same according to individual user's private character. For this reason, if the huge number of users concentrate on particular region of same game map at once, the game server exceed their threshold so that the system can be getting down. Conversely, the efficiency of system goes down considerably because the game server must perform map processing continuously even under user_empty situation. To solve this problem, in this paper, we propose a Map management method to control relatively normal distribution of users in game maps using Map Balance Server. In suggested model, we can reduce the load of game servers by means of turn off the game map processing temporary when a server is under user_empty situation. we also can maximize server performance by means of redistribution of map processing load among servers.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.2277-2282
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• 2009

In this paper, we proposed a new recognition method can be used in application systems using morphological features, difference operators and ART2 algorithm. At first, edges are extracted from an acquired car image by a camera using difference operators and the image of extracted edges is binarized by a block binarization method. In order to extract license plate area, noise areas are eliminated by applying morphological features of new and existing types of license plate to the 8-directional edge tracking algorithm in the binarized image. After the extraction of license plate area, mean binarization and mini-max binarization methods are applied to the extracted license plate area in order to eliminated noises by morphological features of individual elements in the license plate area, and then each character is extracted and combined by Labeling algorithm. The extracted and combined characters(letter and number symbols) are recognized after the learning by ART2 algorithm. In order to evaluate the extraction and recognition performances of the proposed method, 200 vehicle license plate images (100 for green type and 100 for white type) are used for experiment, and the experimental results show the proposed method is effective.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.25-40
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• 2003

Since Korea open her ports to the West, she had undergone a great change under the alien influences both on the macro-social and micro-social aspects. This study aims to review the korean housing, corresponding with the everyday life, during the period of transition between the 1876 - 1910 and to interpret its process of modernization and the meaning of modernity. With regards to understand the holistic human relationship and place pf living through history, this study takes the Nobert Elias' Civilization Theory as a theoretical basis. References were therefore, made to various records of foreign missionary at the time, with respect not only to macro sociological changes but also to changes of everyday life. It is of course to take physical and structural aspects of housing architecture into consideration. These works, thus, led to presuming the housing culture of said period. In order to investigate modern character of korean housing, distinctively represented by spatial structure, considerations were made to various architectural examples according to the social and residential status both in urban and rural area. As a results, this paper came to the remarks as follows; 1. It is understood, that the process of modernization is a part of the process of civilization as synthetic process. It is integrated with the change of socio-cultural aspects and everyday life. 2. Korean housing in the said period shows various different residential status and grade of civilization according to the social status as well as economical status. Modern housing was not in general yet. 3. Housing for high classes and middle classes in Seoul shows a tendency of assimilation and imitation after western model. But some examples within the housing of high classes represent its own modernity, that is based on the rationalism and equalization 4. In the housing of lower classes, it was very far from the benefits of civilization. It could analogize from the immature control of disgrace, from undevelopment of individual territory and from uncultivation of rationality in the housing space.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.307-317
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• 2006

Those students with ability and interest in science should be supported to develop their potential and to reach high levels of achievement in science and technology. In order to ensure that gifted pupils are able to enhance their creativity as well as research abilities, appropriate learning programs and environments are essential. One of the various teaching and learning models for the gifted in science is the discovery learning model based on inductive science activities. There is a clear line of continuity between knowledge discovery at the forefront of research and student's learning activities. If students receive excellent training in organizing scientific concepts for themselves, they will be able to skillfully apply appropriate scientific concepts and solve problems when facing unfamiliar situations. It is very important to offer an appropriate learning environment to maximize the learning effect whilst, at the same time, understanding individual student's characteristics. In this study, the authors took great pains to research effective learning environments for gifted science students. Firstly, appropriate classroom learning environments thought by the teacher to offer the most potential were investigated. 3 different classes in which a revised teaching and learning environment was applied in sequence were examined. Inquiries were conducted into students' activities and achievement through observation, interviews, and examination of students' worksheets. A Science Education expert and 5 elementary school teachers specializing in gifted education also observed the class to examine the specific character of gifted science students. A number of suggestions in discovery learning classes for elementary students gifted in science are possible; 1) Readiness is essential in attitudes related to the inquiry. 2) The interaction between students should be developed. A permissive atmosphere is needed in small group activities. 3) Students require training in listening to others. In a whole class discussion, a permissive atmosphere needs to be restricted somewhat in order to promote full and inclusive discussion. 4) Students should have a chance to practice induction and abduction methods in solving problems.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.63-72
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of Pilotis space in the elementary school and its problems and to explore some improvement scheme. The subjects of this research include the elementary schools in Deajeon, Chungju city which have been established since 1990 when the pilotis first introduced. It would be the effect of the decrease of site area and the increase of total floor area of elementary school. In this situation, this study aimed to figure out the characteristics of pilotis according to their types- Entrance type, Courtyard link type, Hybrid type- throughout the questionnaire, interview, and document analysis. The investigative situation was performed by employing a sample survey of 9 schools whose types were different from each other. The sample survey compared and evaluated scale, location, functions of Pilotis, the physical elements of types, connections with surrounding circumstances and the use under each condition. This study found that the use of pilotis at the elementary schools was inclined to the user, the teachers usually use pilotis only for passage, while the students use it in many ways according to the individual property. Pilotis space represent the differences in satisfaction and utility according to its type. To improve the relationship of users at the pilotis space, Courtyard link type is to be suggested and also it needs enough area as possible. In this way the pilotis type of elementary school gives great effect to the quality and function for better usage of this space.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.171-192
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to examine factors on wage of the Disabled. This study attempts to identify organizational effects on wage of the disabled. Then, this study adopts hierarchical linear model for the study purpose. Data used for this article is the survey on the vocational rehabilitation facilities in Seoul. The results are as follows. First, wage of the disabled is different from organizations as well as individuals. So, there are necessities in the consideration of organizational effects and the application of hierarchical linear model. Second, effects on wage of the disabilities controlling individual factors such as age, educational level, period using the facilities, sex, whether or not beneficiary, type of disability are different from organization. Finally, there are interaction effects of type of disability and organizational character variables. The implications of these findings are as follows. First, more political concerns should be given on the management of vocational rehabilitation facilities. Second, it is needed to concern about vocational rehabilitation of the mentally disabled.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.181-189
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aims to understand effective brand naming process of an optical shop brand by a research of brand naming process of optical shop through creation of alternative. Methods: It investigated brand naming process such as character abstraction, target grasp, naming direction set, naming development and etc of an optical shop. It also looked into characteristics of alternative creation patterns such as words mix, typifier, sentence making, part words mix and etc and then, it investigated brand naming examples. Results: Creation of alternative is a phase of brand naming which has to be refined on the basis of creation of abundant alternatives and then to be developed to a brand name. This study suggested examples of brand names of optical shops which were made and adopted by creation of alternative. Conclusions: Creation of alternative in brand naming complies with concept, and it has systemic process and objective selection as an effective way in association of brand and searching words. It is necessary to have brand naming works through creation of alternative for the purpose of individual and strong brand name with desirable association and differentiation of an optical shop.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.27
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• pp.215-228
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• 1994

This study is to analyze the background and circumstances of the bibliographical description method appearing in the Hong-ssi Tok-so-rok, or an annotated classified bibliography of Korean and Chinese books edited for the Hongs and their clan. The conclusions are as follows. Each entries of the bibliography are entered under titles, and generally followed by bibliographic elements of volumes, written age, author's name, functional word of authorship, and annotation. The written age is stated by the dynasty name for the first authors within each classes. However some anonymous works and government compiled works are recorded the king's shrine name or the reign title. Entries of the bibliography are arranged by the chronological order in each classes. The writer's name is generally described by 'surname + given name'. However it is sometimes also recorded in the one of the following forms; Appellation (hao, 호) or posthumous title + surname + given name. Sumame + appellation or posthumous title + given name. Appellation ( (hao, 호) or posthumous title + sumame + Sonsaeng (선행) + given name. Sumame + government position title + given name. Appellation (hao, 호) + surname + cha(자, master). surname + ssi(씨). ect. Married women's names are stated by her husband's surname followed by the Chinese character 부 or 절부 which signifies wife or virtuous women, and then her given name. The works written or compiled by King's order (명찬서) are generally described in the form of 명제신+ functional word of authorship. Names of government agencies are occasionally stated as the authors' for the government publications or government compiled works. The functional words of authorship are described in the phrase of 소작야, 소편야 instead of 저, 찬, ect. It is more noticeable that in the case of the collections of individual writers' works the wording of 지문야, 지시야 is written after the name of the author. More complicated descriptive forms are seen in the entries of works for the shared authorship and mixed responsibility. Two or more than two monographic works of the same author classed in the same class are annotated all together.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2010

The present study was undertaken to establish reference values for the composition blood lymphocyte populations and compare forty three Hanwoo neonatal calves (KC) with twenty one Holstein calves (HC) by blood cell count and immunophynotying. The percentages of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class, MHC class II and WC1+ T cells, B cells were determined by flow cytometry. The number of lymphocyte and monocyte in HC were higher than those of KC. However, the number of neutrophils was higher in HC than KC. The proportions of CD2+, CD4+, CD8+, MHC class, and WC1+ lymphocytes remained relatively stable during the study period, while there was a moderate increase in the relative percentage of CD26+, ACT2+, MHC class II and B cell from birth to approximately 3 weeks of age. Marked differences in the relative proportions of the lymphocyte subpopulations were noted between the individual calves. The present study shows that the T-cell subpopulations are present in peripheral blood of KC at levels comparable with HC, while the MHC class II and B cell population of KC increases significantly with age. The absolute number of WBC in KC was due to the decrease of absolute number of neutrophil rather than the increase of lymphocyte. The results indicated that KC have significantly higher number of neutrophils, and proportion of MHC class II and B cell than HC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.42
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• pp.231-242
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to classified the dimension of clothing involvement and the clothing loyalty of 256 male and 271 female college students in Taegu area. data was analyzed by frequency percentage mean factor analysis reliability test validity test correlation and ANOVA by using SPSS/pc. The results of this study were as follows; 1. the dimension of clothing involvement was classified into four factors such as clothing interest dimension clothing symbolism dimension clothing economics dimension and clothing individuality dimension. 2. In the relationship between brand loyalty and four factors of clothing involvement there was positive appearance involvement there was positive appearance in clothing interest clothing symbolism and clothing individuality with brand loyalty but negative appearance in clothing economics. The correlation between clothing interest dimension and clothing symbolism dimension clothing interest dimension and clothing individuality dimension clothing symbolism dimension and clothing economics dimension clothing symbolism dimension and clothing individuality dimension was positive. And there was no relation between clothing economics dimension and clothing individuality dimension clothing economics dimension and clothing interest dimension. 3. According to individual character females than males the group aged 18 to 20 and 24 to 27 than the group aged 21 to 23 showed more active tendency to the clothing involvement dimension and also highertendency to brand loyalty. The students with a major in humanities science than the students with a major in natural science and more expending consumers on clothes showed more active tendency to the clothing symbolism dimension and higher tendency to brand loyalty. 4. On the whole the attitude of consumers on clothes was very high in the clothing interest dimension common in the clothing individuality dimension and very low in the clothing economics dimension.