• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.234-239
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• 2012

Objective : Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a typical disease that is encountered frequently in neurosurgical practice. The medications which could cause coagulopathies were known as one of the risk factors of CSDH, such as anticoagulants (ACs) and antiplatelet agents (APs). Recently, the number of patients who are treated with ACs/APs is increasing, especially in the elderly population. With widespread use of these drugs, there is a need to study the changes in risk factors of CSDH patients. Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 290 CSDH patients who underwent surgery at our institute between 1996 and 2010. We classified them into three groups according to the time of presentation (Group A : the remote period group, 1996-2000, Group B : the past period group, 2001-2005, and Group C : the recent period group, 2006-2010). Also, we performed the comparative analysis of independent risk factors between three groups. Results : Among the 290 patients, Group A included 71 patients (24.5%), Group B included 98 patients (33.8%) and Group C included 121 patients (41.7%). Three patients (4.2%) in Group A had a history of receiving ACs/APs, 8 patients (8.2%) in Group B, and 19 patients (15.7%) in Group C. Other factors such as head trauma, alcoholism, epilepsy, previous neurosurgery and underlying disease having bleeding tendency were also evaluated. In ACs/APs related cause of CSDH in Group C, significantly less proportion of the patients are associated with trauma or alcohol compared to the non-medication group. Conclusion : In this study, the authors concluded that ACs/APs have more importance as a risk factor of CSDH in the recent period compared to the past. Therefore, doctors should prescribe these medications carefully balancing the potential risk and benefit.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.47-57
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• 2004

The study purpose was to investigate the factors related to fast food consumption of university students. Factors were identified using the Theory of Planned Behavior. Based on the pilot study, 18 behavioral beliefs, 7 normative beliefs and 19 control beliefs were identified. Data (n = 269) were analyzed using analysis of variance or $X^2$,/TEX> tests. Subjects were categorized into non-users (27.9%), users (42%) and frequent users ( $\geq$ 2 times/week, 30.1%). Regarding behavioral beliefs, users or frequent users responded more positively on advantages of eating fast foods including ‘taste’ (p < 0.001), ‘making me feel full’(p < 0.001), ‘diverse menus’(p < 0.05) than non-users. Compared to users, non-users responded more positively on the item that eating fast foods leads to eat vegetables less (p < 0.05), and negatively on ‘making me eat more salt’(p < 0.05). Most of the referent groups, parents (p < 0.001), sisters/brothers (p < 0.01), relatives (p < 0.01), friends (p < 0.05), boy/girl friends (p < 0.05) were important sources of influence regarding subjects' fast food consumption. Users or frequent users felt less control over factors or situations that make it consume fast foods (9 out of 19 control beliefs). These factors included; availability issues (p < 0.001), ‘not having other foods on hand’(p < 0.01), ‘others eating together like fast foods’, ‘convenience’, ‘social increase in fast food use’, ‘easy to get fast foods anytime’(p < 0.05). In addition, users of fast foods were more likely to eat fast foods when they don't have time, when they do not like to cook, when they feel hungry (p < 0.05). These results suggest that interventions for university students include strategies to moderate fast food use by modifying behavioral beliefs, suggesting alternative menus and behavior modification techniques, increasing perception of control, and eliciting social support.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.470-478
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 단일 환산지수 체계를 유형별 외래 및 입원 환산지수로 분리하기 위한 이론 모형을 설계하였다. 그리고 가상 자료를 바탕으로 외래 및 입원 환산지수와 조정계수를 산출하였다. 본 연구에서의 중요한 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 외래·입원 환산지수 개념을 도입하고 설계함으로써 의원은 외래, 병원은 중한 환자 위주의 입원 기능에 집중하도록 유도할 수 있는 최소한의 인센티브 도구를 도입할 수 있다. 둘째, 환산지수를 분리함으로써 상급종합병원을 비롯한 대형병원의 외래 진료비 수입이 목표 진료비 예산 이상으로 증가하더라도 병원수익 증대에 큰 도움이 되지 않도록 보상 체계를 설계할 수 있는 방안을 도입해 자원 배분 동기를 부여할 수 있다. 셋째, 단일 환산지수보다 다양한 요소들에 대한 명시적인 계약이 가능해져 급증하는 진료비에 대한 적절한 관리 수단으로 활용할 수 있다. 마지막으로 외래 및 입원 환산지수 분리 계약은 공급자의 행위론적인 변화를 유도해 의료전달체계를 정립하는데 기여할 수 있는 정책적인 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.199-206
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Even though the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in adolescents is increasing, little is presently known about this syndrome in adolescents. This study aimed to cluster metabolic risk factors as well as examine the associations between identified patterns and nutrient intake using data from the Korean National Health Examination and Nutritional Assessment (KNHANES). SUBJECTS/METHODS: A total of 2,958 subjects aged 10 to 18 years along with both biochemical and dietary data information were obtained from KNHANES 2007-2010. Six components of metabolic syndrome were used to identify any patterns via factor analysis. Individuals were categorized into quartile groups according to their pattern score. RESULTS: Three clustering patterns with high loadings were identified and named as follows: 1) high blood pressure, 2) dyslipidemia, and 3) glucose abnormality patterns. The high blood pressure pattern showed high loadings of systolic and diastolic blood pressures, the dyslipidemia pattern showed high loadings of triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol levels, and the glucose abnormality pattern showed high loadings of fasting blood glucose levels. Intakes of fat and riboflavin were significantly decreased, whereas those of sodium and niacin were significantly increased across the quartiles in the dyslipidemia pattern. No nutrient intake except that of thiamin was significantly associated with the high blood pressure or glucose abnormality pattern. CONCLUSION: Our findings show that metabolic syndrome risk factors in the Korean adolescent population are characterized by three distinct patterns, which are differentially associated with dietary factors. Characterizing metabolic risk factors and providing specific dietary guidelines for target groups are important.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.12-22
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to evaluate visual preferences of the methods for river embankment based on seasonal changes and to reveal the relationship between visual preference and effective factors, which are the physical and esthetic elements inside the river. For this research seven river embankment methods including concrete block, concrete wall, gabion, and vegetated concrete block were selected in Dongchon of Gwangyang. Twenty-eight pictures by the four pictures of each embankment method based on seasonal changes, the winter and summer of the first and second years after construction were used for a photo-questionnaire by 49 participants. In the analysis of the relationship between visual preference and effective factors, the independent variables included eight factors: form of the material, harmony with the surroundings, the cleanness of river floor, the green area of embankment methods, the water area in river floor, the stone and sand area in river floor, the planting area in river floor, and the area of embankment itself. The result of this study are as follows. First, visual preference in summer was higher than in winter, and the summer landscape of the second you scored the highest value for visual preference. Second, similarly to the way the vegetated concrete block produced a green effect, cobblestone and gabion embankments made of natural materials scored higher than others, whereas the concrete retaining wall scored the lowest of all methods because of it's artificiality. Third, the seven independent variables, except form of the material, are proved statistically significant at the 5% level. The water area in river floor, harmony with the surroundings, the planting area in river floor, and the cleanness of the river floor were revealed as more effective factors influencing visual preference. The research results suggest that the riverscape has to be controlled in terms of seasonal change and embankment methods. Natural materials and green effects in embankment methods are more important for increasing landscape preference, and the landscape factors inside a river should also be considered important variables. It is recommended that advanced study on other factors affecting visual preference of the riverscape be carried out to support this research.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.107-126
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• 2020

정보의 급격한 증가와 정보기술이 발달함에 따라 개인에게도 정보관리의 중요성이 점차 커지고 있다. 본 연구는 대학생들의 개인정보관리 동기 요인과 방해 요인이 개인정보관리 행태에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 먼저, 선행연구 분석을 통해 개인정보관리 동기 요인과 방해 요인을 도출하였으며, 이러한 요인들이 개인정보관리 행태인 정보조직 활동과 정보유지 활동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하였다. 이를 위해, 서울 소재 대학교의 대학생들을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 진행하였으며, 총 593부의 유효한 응답지를 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 개인정보관리 동기 요인과 방해 요인이 개인정보관리 행태에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 개인의 정보관리 행태를 분석하고 행태에 영향을 미치는 요인을 도출하였다는 점에서 학문적 의의가 있다. 또한, 연구 결과를 바탕으로 대학생들이 개인정보를 효율적으로 관리할 수 있도록 개인정보관리 교육을 제공해야 한다는 실질적 함의를 제시하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.2959-2965
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• 2015

The incidence and mortality rates of breast cancer in Northeast Brazil are increasing and little is known about prevailing reproductive factors contributing to this increase. A case-control study was conducted in a public hospital of Campina Grande, state of $Para{\acute{i}}ba$, including 81 women with diagnosed invasive breast cancer and 162 age matched (${\pm}5years$) controls. Binominal logistic regression analysis was applied to estimate odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI) of risk factors. In this model, age at menarche ${\leq}12$ (OR=2.120; CI: 1.043-4.308; p=0.038), single parity (OR=3.748; CI: 1.459-9.627; p=0.06) and reproductive period >10 years (OR=3.042; CI: 1.421-6.512; p=0.04) were identified as independent variables that significantly increased breast cancer risk of parous women. Compared to parous women who never practised breastfeeding, total breastfeeding time > 24 months decreased the risk of breast cancer (OR=0.258; CI: 0.084-0.787; p=0.017). The results indicated that modifiable reproductive factors contribute to breast cancer risk in women included in the present study. Women's knowledge about factors such as the protective effect of breastfeeding could reduce the risk of breast cancer.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.37-73
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• 2001

I. Preface It is widely understood that the 21st century, with the development of information technology(IT) and the spread of networks, will be called a digital economy where information-driven business will be norm rather than the smokestack economy of the past. And the drastically changed world market is expected to generate even more commercial transactions across the world creating large numbers of legal disputes. Therefore, each country will attempt to develop ADR(Alternative Dispute Resolution) as an alternative to judicial proceedings in order to cope with not only the ever-increasing international commercial claims but also domestic legal disputes. Taking this reality into account, this study begins with an exploration of mediation procedure as a way of helping the court faced with its overwhelming numbers of lawsuits. And also this study makes a theoretical comparison between ADR and mediation procedure, analyzing critical factors affecting the mediation agreement. Furthermore, it is designed to find ways for disputing parties to make better use of mediation and ensure fairness to the parties involved. It tries to enhance mediators' understanding of critical factors influencing the mediation agreement and their ability to handle commercial disputes in a more efficient way. To make an empirical analysis of these factors, bibliographic research and questionnaire were used. This analysis will fill the gap between the theory and reality, and make possible the structured research on the factors. Therefore, this study sets the model by which we can evaluate how the three critical factors (parties' inclination, mediators' characteristics, institutional features) affect the parties reaching a mediation agreement. Based on this analysis, a theoretical hypothesis was built and a questionnaire was made and distributed. During the course of this work, SPSSWIN 10.0 program was applied.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제62권3호
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• pp.83-108
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• 2010

본 연구는 고령사회 준비를 위한 현황이해 차원에서 앤더슨 모형을 이용하여 노년기 외래의료 서비스 이용궤적 및 예측요인을 살펴보고, 초기노년기와 후기노년기 간에 궤적이나 예측요인이 차이가 있는지를 살펴보는 것을 목적으로 한다. 한국복지패널의 1, 2, 3차년도 자료를 사용하여, 궤적 및 예측 요인은 잠재성장모형을 이용해서 분석하였고 연령 차이는 다중집단분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 60세 이상 노인들은 해가 지남에 따라서 외래이용 횟수를 증가시키는 경향을 보였는데, 75세 미만의 초기 노년기의 노인들이 75세 이상의 후기노년기의 노인들 보다가 이용 횟수를 상대적으로 빨리 증가시켰다. 예측요인에 있어서는 선행요인, 자원요인, 욕구요인들의 상당수가 궤적과 유의미한 관계가 있었는데, 자원요인 보다는 욕구요인들이 의료서비스 이용궤적에 크게 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 하지만 예측요인에 있어서 초기 및 후기 노년기 사이에 큰 차이는 없었다. 결과를 토대로 연구의 의의 및 함의를 논의하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제39권6호
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• pp.447-454
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• 2006

Objectives : To determine obesity for the screening of individuals at high risk of coronary heart disease in urban areas. Methods : Data were obtained from 4,137 adults between 19 and 85 years of age (2,372 males, 1,765 females), not recognized as taking medicines for cardiovascular diseases, who underwent a health check-up at the health promotion center of university hospitals in cities between Jan. 2003 and Dec. 2004. The variables studied were divided into two broad categories, and their relationships examined. obesity indices and risk factors for coronary heart disease. To reveal the relation between each of the obesity indices and the proportion of individuals at risk of coronary heart disease, the obesity indices were stratified and odds ratios obtained after age adjustment. Results : From a gender comparison of anthropometric measures, men were found to have significantly greater heights, weights, and waist and hip circumferences than women. From a gender comparison by the obesity indices, women were found to have significantly higher BMI, %Fat, waist to hip and waist to stature ratios than men. As obesity indices, the waist to stature ratio and the waist circumference were strongly correlated with coronary risk factors, both in men and women. The age-adjusted odds ratio of coronary risk factors increased significantly with increasing waist circumference, BMI, %fat, waist to hip and waist to stature ratios, and were highest specifically for the waist to stature ratio and the waist circumference. Conclusions : The study results showed that the waist to stature ratio and the waist circumference, as obesity indices, were most closely correlated with coronary risk factors. It is suggested that the waist to stature ratio and, specifically, the waist circumference can be effectively used in the field of health management for screening those with high levels of coronary risk factors.