• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.21-28
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• 2015

Objectives This study was aimed to offer basic data in long term drug efficacy test using monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthrits model. Methods Sixty male rats were divided into normal and osteoarthritic group. Rats of normal group were injected with 0.1 ml physiological saline, and rats of osteoarthritic group were inected with 0.1 ml monosodium iodoacetate (3 mg/ml) into each left and right knee joint cavities. Gross examination, proteoglycan contents and histopathological examination on the knee joint were performed at 10, 20, 40, and 60 days after injection. Results Grossly, degenerative changes at 10 days, desquamation at 40 days, and ulceration of articular cartilages at 60 days were observed. Proteoglycan contents in articular cartilages were decreased rapidly to 40 days, after than decreased gradually. Osteoarthritic scores were increased rapidly to 20 days, after than increased gradually to 60 days. Conclusions From above results, osteoarthritis model induced by a single intra-articular injection of monosodium iodoacetete is useful model for long term drug efficacy test.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.102-110
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to verify the effects of a community-based fall prevention exercise program for older adults on lower extremity muscle strength, balance ability, and fall efficacy. Methods: This study recruited 30 participants, and the program was conducted for 10 weeks. The program included sessions on strength and balance exercises, conducted for 50 minutes a day and at least three times a week. The collected data were analyzed using non-parametric (Wilcoxon signed-rank test, generalized estimated equation) and parametric statistics (paired t-test, rmANOVA). Results: After 12 weeks of exercise program, lower extremity muscle strength and static-dynamic balance ability significantly increased. The fall efficacy increased from an average score of 2.48 points before the test to an average score of 2.91 points after the test. Regarding general characteristics, there were no significant differences in effect before and after the program, except for fall efficacy. Conclusion: The above results showed that the intervention of a community-based fall prevention exercise program for older adults was effective. Therefore, it is suggested that this exercise program be organized regularly within the center to provide periodic and long-term services.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.97-113
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• 2009

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the intervention effects on health efficacy and health knowledge related to health behaviors for improving cardiovascular health in elementary school children. Methods: A repeated measure, pre-post-test design was used to identify the intervention effect on health efficacy and health knowledge among 5th grade school children. Intervention consisted of a curriculum classroom intervention and parent intervention. Health efficacy, health knowledge, and perceived parental monitoring were measured for testing intervention effect. A sample of 219 participants completed a baseline pre-test and two tests during intervention and after intervention from March to July 2004. Results: Mental health efficacy improved significantly from baseline test to the test after intervention (F = 32.88, p < 0.0001). Physical health efficacy also significantly increased during intervention (F = 50.51, p < 0.0001), but did not significantly change after parent intervention. Health knowledge increased significantly from baseline test to the test after education (F =10.23, p < 0.0001), but decreased after parent intervention. Perceived parental monitoring had a significant impact on mental health efficacy and physical health efficacy. Conclusion: The findings support school-based cardiovascular health promotion intervention as effective in improving health efficacy and health knowledge. Parental influence should also be considered to maintain improved health efficacy and health knowledge by thinking process in the intervention for elementary school children.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.507-514
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of husband and wife compatibility and self efficacy on health promotion behavior and define the main factors influencing health promotion behavior in middle aged women. Method: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 311 middle aged women. Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, Stepwise multiple regression with SAS package were used for data analysis. Results: The mean score of husband and wife compatibility was 3.55(${\pm}.56$), self efficacy was 3.51(${\pm}.54$), and total health promotion behavior was 2.91(${\pm}.37$), with scores for subcategories as follows: interpersonal support 2.86(${\pm}.59$), self-actualization 2.74(${\pm}.56$), nutrition 2.56(${\pm}.63$), health responsibility 2.32(${\pm}.60$), stress management 2.28(${\pm}.51$), and exercise 1.87(${\pm}.74$). Husband and wife compatibility, and self efficacy were positively related to health promotion behavior and all subcategories of health promotion behavior. Also husband and wife compatibility were positively related to self efficacy. The major factors that affect health. promotion behavior in middle aged women were husband and wife compatibility, self efficacy, economic level, and religion, which explained 32.6% of health promotion behavior. Conclusion: The results indicate that health promotion behavior may be increased through interventions directed at improving the husband and wife compatibility.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.508-516
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of electric stimulation therapy on chronic knee pain, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life in Korean elderly women. Methods: The design was an unequivalent control pretest-posttest study. Samples were total of 60 (experimental: 30, control: 30) elderly women with healthy cognitive and communication abilities aged 65 years old and above. The experimental treatment involved was the electric stimulation of both thigh quadriceps muscles for 15 minutes per treatment, 3times per a week, for a total of 12 weeks. Measurements taken were S-F MPQ and AIMS for chronic knee pain, exercise self-efficacy measurement for exercise self-efficacy, and S-F 36 scale for quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12. Results: Chronic knee pain according to the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (t=43.563, p=.000) and Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (t=31.364, p=.000) were significantly decreased in the experimental group by the application of electrical stimulation therapy. Exercise self-efficacy (t=107.116, p=.000) and quality of life (t=76.429, p=.000) were significantly increased in the experimental group by the application of electrical stimulation therapy. Conclusion: Electrical stimulation therapy could be a more effective primary nursing intervention in decreasing chronic knee pain, and on increasing exercise self-efficacy and quality of life for Korean elderly women.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.539-547
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• 2008

Purpose: This study is done to identify how a clinical practice orientation program would affect anxiety, self-esteem and self-efficacy in college students in nursing. Method: Data was collected from 127 nursing students in February, 2008. The collected data were analyzed with the SPSS/Win 12.0 program, using t-test, ANOVA, paired t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficients. Results: The total mean scores were; anxiety 53.22/80, self-esteem 29.51/40 and self-efficacy in 59.76/85. Self-esteem and self-efficacy level were significantly different according to the level of Fundamentals practice and satisfaction with nursing as a major satisfaction(p=.001). The effect of the orientation program on clinical practice were a significantly increased in self-esteem and self-efficacy (p=.000). But in terms of anxiety, the effect was the opposite. So study to identify other factors causing anxiety and strategies to reduce the anxiety need to be considered. Conclusion: It is important to improve self-esteem and self-efficacy and the study results indicate that an orientation program is one strategy that needs to be developed to meet these needs for college students in nursing.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.619-632
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop an obesity management program for obese children and examine its effects on body composition, self-efficacy, and health promotion. The obesity management program was based on a KAP & HBM mixed model and consisted of health education and group playing exercises. Method: This study was implemented at one elementary school in K city for a total of 12 weeks. The study subjects were a single group, and their body composition, self-efficacy, and health promotion were assessed at both pre-treatment and post-treatment. Data were analyzed by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test using SPSS WIN 20.0. Result: After the program, the average height of subjects increased by 0.9cm (p=.001), whereas BMI decreased by $0.64kg/m^2$ (p=.003), obesity index decreased by 3.79% (p=.003), and body fat decreased by 1.34% (p=.002). There were significant effects on diet self-efficacy (p=.027), exercise self-efficacy (p<.001), and health promotion (p=.001). Conclusion: This obesity management program reduced the degree of obesity and improved self-efficacy and health promotion. Therefore, the obesity management program is an effective intervention method for elementary-aged obese children.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.281-291
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• 2011

This study investigates the influence of self-efficacy in purchasing clothes in the consumer satisfaction formation process. A survey was conducted on 300 adults living in the Seoul and Gyeonggi area and 231 completed questionnaires were used for analysis. The survey questionnaires measured the respondent's self-efficacy in purchasing clothes, expectation, perceived performance, expectation confirmation, and satisfaction level. The data were analyzed by moderated regression analysis. The results are as follows. First, for apparel products, perceived performance, and expectation confirmation have a direct effect on consumer satisfaction, while expectation has no direct effect on consumer satisfaction. This finding agrees with the results reported in a previous study on consumer goods with low ambiguity in assessing products and services including sneakers, underwear, cereals, and financial services. Second, the lower the self-efficacy in purchasing clothes, then the increased effect of the expectation confirmation that influences consumer satisfaction. However, the self-efficacy in purchasing clothes did not show any moderating effect on the perceived performance affecting the consumer satisfaction. The self-efficacy in purchasing clothes seems to have a moderating effect on the consumer satisfaction formation process by affecting the ambiguity in pre-purchase product assessment and not in post-purchase product evaluation.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was undertaken to examine the effects regarding reeducation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation on persistence of nursing students' knowledge, performance, and self-efficacy. Methods: The research design for this study was a repeated experimental design featuring 35 female nursing students. Participants were educated using the standardized cardiopulmonary resuscitation protocol from the American Heart Association. Three months after the initial education, participants received reeducation about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Knowledge and self-efficacy were measured before the initial education. Knowledge, performance, and self-efficacy were measured immediately after the initial education, 3 months later, and 6 months later. Collected data were analyzed using PASW Statistics 18.0. Results: Knowledge and self-efficacy significantly increased immediately after the initial education; knowledge, performance, and self-efficacy significantly decreased 3 months afterwards. No further decrease occurred until 3 months after reeducation. Conclusion: These results suggest that the duration between initial education and reeducation was insufficient, although the effects of cardiopulmonary resuscitation education were maintained 3 months after reeducation.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.43-55
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was done to evaluate the effects of program promoting self-efficacy patients with epicondylitis. Methods: Forty-three patients with unilateral epicondylitis were enrolled in this study between January, 2 and April, 28, 2009. The patients were assigned to one of two groups: Nineteen patients in the intervention group were given the self-efficacy promotion program with specific home instruction and the 24 in the control group were treated with conventional treatment. Pain by numeric rating scale, anxiety, and the self-efficacy of exercise were evaluated before the program, and 4 weeks after completing the intervention. The number of exercises was checked after the intervention. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, Chi-square test, paired t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficients with SPSS 14.0 program. Results: Anxiety in the intervention group was significantly lower than the control group(p=.018). Maximal and resting pain in the control group were lower than the intervention group( p=.000, p=.003). The self-efficacy of exercise and the number of exercises increased in the intervention group but there was no significant difference (p=.057, p=.052). Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that a program promoting self-efficacy for patients with epicondylitis could be a useful nursing intervention to reduce anxiety.