• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.379-393
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• 2015

도시화와 산업화로 화재 빈도는 감소하나 화재로 인한 인명피해와 피해액이 늘어나는 추세를 보이고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 지자체 수준에서 지역의 화재안전에 대한 정책은 소방서에 의존하는 수준에 머물고 있다. 기존 화재 통계에 대한 연구는 대부분 기술적 통계에 의존하여 전체적인 경향성을 설명하는데 그치고 있는데 비해 본 연구는 화재의 피해를 화재로 인한 사망자수, 화재로 인한 부상자수, 화재로 인한 피해액을 종속변수로 하고 전국 222개 지자체에 대한, 5년간의 공적 통계를 활용하여, 15개의 변수를 4개의 요인으로 그룹화 한 후에 가설을 세우고 특별시 및 광역시 단위 소속의 구와 도 소속의 시와 도 소속의 군으로 그룹을 지어 헤도닉 분석법에 의해 회귀분석을 수행하고 그 결과를 도출하였다. 본 연구의 결과 화재피해를 설명하는 결정요인이 시 군 구의 수준즉 지역 특성에 따라 다르다는 점을 확인하였으며, 이는 인구와 면적기준의 소방력 배치 원칙과 더불어 향후에 소방정책과 화재안전 활동에 가장 중요한 변수로 삼았던 원칙을 넘어 보다 유연한 기준을 마련할 필요가 있음을 밝혔으며, 특히 재난 약자의 수에 비례한 소방력 확충을 제안하였다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2004

Purpose: Individual gastric cancers demonstrate complicated genetic alterations. The PCR-based analysis of polymorphic microsatellite sequences on cancer-related chromosomes has been used to detect chromosomal loss and microsatellite instability. For the purpose of preoperative usage, we analyzed the correspondance rate of the microsatellite genotype between endoscopic biopsy and surgical specimens. Materials and Methods: Seventy-three pairs of biopsy and surgical specimens were examined for loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability by using 40 microsatellite markers on eight chromosomes. Microsatellite alterations in tumor DNAs were classified into a high-risk group (baselinelevel loss of heterozygosity: 1 chromosomal loss in diffuse type and high-level loss of heterozygosity: 4 or more chromosomal losses) and a low-risk group (microsatellite instability and low-level loss of heterozygosity: 2 or 3 chromosomal losses in diffuse type or $1\∼3$ chromosomal losses in intestinal type) based on the extent of chromosomal loss and microsatellite instability. Results: The chromosomal losses of the biopsy and the surgical specimens were found to be different in 21 of the 73 cases, 19 cases of which were categorized into a genotype group of similar extent. In 100 surgical specimens, the high-risk genotype group showed a high incidence of nodal involvement (19 of 23 cases: $\leq$5 cm; 23 of 24 cases: >5 cm) irrespective of tumor size while the incidence of nodal involvement for the low-risk genotype group depended on tumor size (5 of 26 cases: $\leq$5 cm; 18 of 27 cases: >5 cm). Extraserosal invasion was more frequent in large-sized tumor in both the high-risk genotype group ($\leq$5 cm: 12 of 23 cases; >5 cm: 23 of 24 cases) and the low-risk genotype group ($\leq$5 cm: 7 of 26 cases; >5 cm: 16 of 27 cases). The preoperative prediction of tumor invasion and nodal involvement based on tumor size and genotype corresponded closely to the pathologic tumor stage (ROC area >0.7). Conclusion: An endoscopic biopsy specimen of gastric cancer can be used to make a preoperative genetic diagnosis that accurately reflect the genotype of the corresponding surgical specimen.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.729-738
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• 2006

Knowledge of acoustic transmission loss of acoustic window material has a great importance for the sonar performance in ship. The purpose of this study was to investigate the measurement and analysis method for the acoustic transmission loss of the acoustic window materials for sonar dome. The measurement and analysis were carried out in water with GRP material. Transmission losses were calculated based on integrated direct and transmitted signals. The experimental setup enabled to vary the angle of incidence. Thus the transmission loss data could be expressed as the function of frequency and angle of rotation. In this paper, diffraction effect of incident angle, size of specimen with test material, transmission analysis method and multiple waves as incident acoustic signal were discussed.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.1183-1189
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• 2006

Knowledge of acoustic transmission loss of acoustic window material has a great Importance for the sonar performance in ship. The purpose of This study was to investigate the measurement and analysis method for me acoustic transmission loss of the acoustic window materials for sonar dome. The measurement and analysis were carried out in water with GRP material. Transmission losses were calculated based on integrated direct and transmitted signals. The experimental setup enabled to vary the angle of incidence. Thus the transmission loss data could be expressed as the function of frequency and angle of rotation. In this paper, diffraction effect of incident angle, size of specimen with test material, transmission analysis method and multiple waves as incident acoustic signal wet-e discussed

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.273-281
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• 2016

Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common postoperative complications. Despite this, few papers have reported the incidence and independent risk factors associated with PONV in the context of oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS). Therefore, we sought to determine the incidence of PONV, as well as to identify risk factors for the condition in patients who had undergone OMFS under general anesthesia. Methods: A total of 372 patients' charts were reviewed, and the following potential risk factors for PONV were analyzed: age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, history of PONV and/or motion sickness, duration of anesthesia, amount of blood loss, nasogastric tube insertion and retention and postoperative opioid used. Univariate analysis was performed, and variables with a P-value less than 0.1 were entered into a multiple logistic regression analysis, wherein P-values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The overall incidence of PONV was 25.26%. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the following variables were independent predictors of PONV: age < 30 years, history of PONV and/or motion sickness, and anesthesia duration > 4 h. Furthermore, the number of risk factors was proportional to the incidence of PONV. Conclusions: The incidence of PONV in patients who have undergone OMFS varies from center to center depending on patient characteristics, as well as on anesthetic and surgical practice. Identifying the independent risk factors for PONV will allow physicians to optimize prophylactic, antiemetic regimens.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.417-426
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• 2019

Purpose: Although an increased incidence of gallbladder (GB) stone formation after gastrectomy has been reported, its etiology remains uncertain. The goal of this study was to explore the incidence of gallstone formation after gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients and investigate the risk factors therein. Materials and Methods: Medical records of patients who underwent curative gastrectomy, performed by a single surgeon between August 2012 and December 2015 at the Asan Medical Center, were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline characteristics and surgical outcomes, including GB stone gallstone formation after gastrectomy, were analyzed. Results: Of 561 patients included in the study, 36 presented with GB stone formation after gastrectomy for gastric cancer. The incidence of gallstone formation was 6.4%. The mean interval between gallstone formation and gastrectomy was 21.9 months. In multivariate analyses, the incidence of gallstone formation increased in patients 63 years or older, with greater than 6.2 kg weight loss in the first 6 months after the procedure, a preoperative serum total bilirubin level greater than 0.5 mg/dL, and in patients who did not receive adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: This study presented risk factors for GB stone formation after gastric cancer surgery, and special attention should be afforded to patients with such risk factors.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.137-142
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• 2016

Objective : To evaluate whether an early bone marrow edema pattern predicts vertebral deformity types and prognosis in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF). Methods : This retrospective study enrolled 64 patients with 75 acute OVCFs who underwent early MRI and followed up MRI. On early MRI, the low SI pattern of OVCF on T1WI were assessed and classified into 3 types (diffuse, globular or patchy, band-like). On followed up MRI, the vertebral deformity types (anterior wedge, biconcave, crush), degree of vertebral body height loss, incidence of vertebral osteonecrosis and spinal stenosis were assessed for each vertebral fracture types. Results : According to the early bone marrow edema pattern on T1WI, 26 vertebrae were type 1, 14 vertebrae were type 2 and 35 vertebrae were type 3. On followed up MRI, the crush-type vertebral deformity was most frequent among the type 1 OVCFs, the biconcave-type vertebral deformity was most frequent among the type 2 OVCFs and the anterior wedge-type vertebral deformity was most frequent among the type 3 OVCFs (p<0.001). In addition, type 1 early bone marrow edema pattern of OVCF on T1WI were associated with higher incidence of severe degree vertebral body height loss, vertebral osteonecrosis and spinal stenosis on the follow up MRI. Conclusion : Early bone marrow edema pattern of OVCF on T1WI, significant correlated with vertebral deformity types on the follow up MRI. The severe degree of vertebral height loss, vertebral osteonecrosis, and spinal stenosis were more frequent in patients with diffuse low SI pattern.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2015

This study was aimed to determine the biometry of genital organs, incidence of gynecological disorders and pregnancy loss in Black Bengal goat (Capra hircus). Genitalia of 118 does were collected from local abattoirs. Biometric parameters of genital organs were measured and gross and histopathological examinations were carried out for detection of abnormalities. For gravid uterus, age of the fetus was determined by measuring crown-rump length. There was no significant difference in the length, width and weight of right and left ovaries (P>0.05). However, the number of follicles between left ($5.3{\pm}2.3$) and right ovaries ($7.4{\pm}2.7$) varied significantly (P<0.05). The mean length of right fallopian tube and uterine horn were not varied with those of left fallopian tube and uterine horn. The length of uterine body, cervix and vagina were $1.3{\pm}0.1cm$, $3.3{\pm}0.5cm$ and $6.8{\pm}1.3cm$, respectively. Overall, 29 (24.6%) genitalia had abnormalities. Fifteen genitalia (12.7%) had ovarian abnormalities including ovaro-bursal adhesions (6.8%), parovarian cyst (5.1%) and follicular cyst (0.9%). Uterine abnormalities were found in 12 genitalia (10.2%) and predominant uterine lesion was endometritis (6.8%) followed by adenomyosis (1.7%), hemorrhagic lesion on endometrial surface (0.9%) and cyst in broad ligament (0.9%). In addition, cyst in fallopian tube (0.9%) and vagina (0.9%) were recorded. The proportion of slaughtered pregnant goats was 15.3% (18/118). The pregnancy wastage was highest in the first month (50.0%) followed by second (33.3%) and third (16.7%) month. It can be concluded that ovaro-bursal adhesions, parovarian cyst and endometritis are the gynecological disorders of major concern in Black Bengal goat.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.285-298
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• 1990

The records of 67 patients who had been operated as an esophageal cancer during the period from 1973 to 1989 at the Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital were reviewed retrospectively. The results were summarized as follows ; The age ranged from 28 years old to 80 years old. The highest incidence was 5th decades, then 6th decades, and the incidence of male was 10 times as the incidence of female[M:F= 10.16: 1]. The locations were lower esophagus 44%, middle esophagus 38.8%, upper esophagus 11.9% and cervical esophagus 4.4% The frequent symptoms were dysphagia [88%], epigastric or substernal pain and discomfort [29.8%], weight loss [20.8%], and laryngeal dryness [1.4%]. The most common interval between the onset of dysphagia and admission was 2-3 months; 82% of patients was within 6 months, The cancer consisted of stage I [3%], stage II [11.9%], stage III[47.6%], and stage IV [33.7%] The resectability of cancer was 67%. The organs of substitute were stomach in 21 cases, right colon 6 cases, and jejunum in 8 CRSCS. The relation between invasion of tumor and lymph node metastasis was analyzed: mucosal involvement: 1 case/2case, muscle invasion; 0/2 full thickness; 4/6, adjacent structure 7/12. Postoperative complications were pneumonia, pleural effusion, hoarseness, mediastinitis, anastomosis site leakage, reoperation due to stenosis, chylothorax, empyema, mechanical ileus, wound infection, meat impaction at anastomosis site, and repair of gastrostomy site leakage. Adjuvant therapies were irradiation [15cases], chemotherapy [14cases], and Bougie dilatation [4 cases],

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.20-28
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• 2010

This paper deals with the Design and Analysis of a Controlled Diffusion Aerofoil (CDA) Blade Section for an Axial Compressor Stator and Effect of incidence angle and Mach No. on Performance of CDA. CD blade section has been designed at Axial Flow Compressor Research Lab, Propulsion Division of National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL), Bangalore, as per geometric procedure specified in the U.S. patent (4). The CFD analysis has been performed by a 2-D Euler code (Denton's code), which gives surface Mach No. distribution on the profiles. Boundary layer computations were performed by a 2-D boundary layer code (NALSOF0801) available in the SOFFTS library of NAL. The effect of variation of Mach no. was performed using fluent. The surface Mach no. distribution on the CD profile clearly indicates lower peak Mach no. than MCA profile. Further, boundary layer parameters on CD aerofoil at respective incidences have lower values than corresponding MCA blade profile. Total pressure loss on CD aerofoil for the same incidence range is lower than MCA blade profile.