• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.67-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of quality of management discussion and analysis (MD&A) disclosure on stock price crash risk. The MD&A can be seen to reflect the management's intention on public announcement and reveals directly what the management says to communicate with outside investors. A firm's high-quality MD&A implies the management's commitment to communicating with the market, not allowing the managers to have incentives to hoard unfavorable news, which if revealed to the public, may lead to downward stock price corrections, damaging corporate values. The high-quality MD&A is, thus, likely to reduce the stock price crash risk. We use a logistic regression to test whether MD&A influences crash risk using listed companies in the Korean Stock Exchange (KSE) stock market between 2010 and 2013. Findings of the empirical test show that the higher the quality of MD&A, the less likely crash risk appears, implying that the MD&A disclosed adequately can be one of the factors mitigating firm's stock price crash risk. This study has implications as it presents the MD&A disclosure as a factor influencing stock price crash risk and suggests voluntary disclosure as well as mandatory disclosure acts as a variable that explains the risk of stock price crash.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

In 21^st Century business world, services are carried out in multifaceted, competitive and rationality manner that are characterized by evolving many factors, which are often unpredictable. On-the-go banking is a product in financial sector. However, it faces serious pitfalls being it riskiness. Bank customers compete for time-saving options. On contrary, PCBs compete for marginalizing its operating costs for enhancing its revenues. On strategic tactics, PCBs targets city customers in multi-facets including offering incentives for enhanced usages of on-the-go banking. Influencing customer's intention, attitude and behavior in banking, PCBs also offers incentive under market system along with often informational asymmetry. However, it causes exploitation. In most cases customers don't read terms & conditions of services. They don't save contract-copy. These weaknesses cause abuses. Customer faces hidden charges, extra fees, account hacked. Addressing the issue, Voluntary Insurance Option is proposed where PCBs will introduce it as a product of bank-services. Transferring risk away from customer will benefit both PCBs and bank-customers. This product can attract new customers who were on the brink using digital banking but just felt it was too risky. This model can facilitate the parties involved for increasing usage of on-the-go banking-services while customers can maintain optimal utility of usages.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.23-48
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• 2020

This qualitative case study focuses on five small and medium-sized enterprises which have put family-friendly management into successful practice. Through in-depth unstructured interviews with five human resources managers and ten employees, we describe each firm's approach to work-life balance including working hour reductions, breaks, work flexibility, and parental leave to build an overall picture. We also discuss the four key factors of the CEO's role; democratic communication between all staff, the usefulness of family-friendly certification as a starting point; and governmental support for promoting work-life balance at small and medium-sized enterprises. Finally, we suggest three political implications of governmental support, namely CEO education, changing the criteria of family-friendly certification to redefine working hours and work flexibility, and incentives specifically for small to medium-sized enterprises.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.495-502
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• 2021

The study is devoted to substantiation of directions of intensification of development of small innovative enterprise, which has a significant impact on the overall innovation activity of the country and promotes innovative development, transition to more advanced technological systems. The outlined role of small business in innovative development in the direction of intensifying innovation in the economy, improving organization and production, as well as in the form of direct participation in the innovation process, production of science-intensive products, stimulating demand for innovation. A group of factors hindering the development of small innovative entrepreneurship was identified, including: financial aspects of the activity, shortcomings of organizational and communicative nature, underdeveloped technology market, information plan problems, internal production problems of small business, market problems. The directions of intensification of the development of small innovative entrepreneurship are substantiated, namely: financial and credit support of small innovative entrepreneurship; introduction of tax incentives; material and technical support; nationwide intensification of innovation activity; information support; development of innovation infrastructure. The involvement of the outlined directions of intensification of small innovative entrepreneurship will help to obtain a synergistic effect of innovative development of both small innovative business structures and the economy as a whole.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.807-815
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• 2021

Microfinance is seen as a tool for poverty elimination by providing various services characterized as financial and non-financial to minority groups in the society to be included in the mainstream financial system. This paper seeks to examine the effect of microfinance institutions' (MFIs) financial and non-financial services on women's entrepreneurship and empowerment in Jordan as a developing country. To gain a deeper understanding of the effectiveness of microfinance services, the study is undertaken to address the question of what kinds of services are available and whether the MFI services are in line with the actual needs of women entrepreneurs to improve their performance. Hence, a qualitative approach was adopted in this study using semi-structured interview questions to collect data from twenty-four women entrepreneurs in Jordan. The results showed that, as regards financial services, the most important needs of women entrepreneurs include providing adequate financing with necessary financial facilities such as reducing interest, reducing monthly installments, and extending the grace period, while non-financial services should include holding specialized courses, accessing a counseling center, providing incentives and psychological support, marketing support, and monitoring and evaluation. This study concluded that factors associated with MFI play a crucial role to uplift women entrepreneurs and eliminate gender inequality.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2021

The capital structure is one of the hot financial topics among researchers and scholars. Its importance comes from the fact that capital structure is closely related to companies' ability to meet different stakeholders' needs. A suitable capital structure will boost the business and create a competitive advantage in the context of fierce competition. Many companies choose an optimal debt level based on the trade-off between interest and debt costs. This study aimed to test the existence of trade-off theory in capital structure, the case of Vietnam's real estate companies, which are growing very fast recently. Instead of considering constant optimal leverage to test the trade-off model, we take advantage of the dynamic capital structure determined by growth opportunities, profitability, tax incentives, tangibility, liquidity, and firm size. The dynamic panel data regression was estimated by the system Generalized Method of Moment (Sys-GMM). The empirical evidence showed that real estate companies listed in the Vietnamese stock market might change their leverage toward a target capital structure determined by influential factors in a long-term perspective. In particular, the debt-to-asset ratio will change by approximately 14 percent, positively, in response to the difference between the current debt-to-asset ratio and the dynamic target debt-to-asset ratio.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.225-236
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• 2014

Productivity of public organizations was far older due to issue more difficult to measure than private organizations. Unlike the private sector, the public sector is a diverse and sometimes conflicting objectives (efficiency, effectiveness, equity, democracy, etc.) exist, it is difficult to measure productivity in a single index. Many departments of government is intricately interrelated and sometimes produced by the joint efforts, it is difficult to allocate performance, incentives and accountability to among departments. And there is the difficulty of collecting data on the productivity indicators of public organizations. Despite these difficulties, we developed a productivity index system and measuring method to systematically introduce the concept of productivity in the local administration. In this paper, the productivity and the productivity index measurement practices of local governments conducted annually from 2011 on was deep into research. First, the report found examples of the governments of the developed countries, productivity measurement, then the way MOPAS(Ministry of Public Administration and Security) measure productivity index of local governments, success factors, the implications were in-depth analysis. Finally, in order to enhance productivity and competitiveness municipalities studied ways to take advantage of the productivity index.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.87-100
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• 2021

Purpose: This paper examined the role of conditional value in the green automotive industry. The relationships of conditional value's four factors, consumers' attitudes and consumers' intention to purchase green cars were investigated. The conditional value was extended by examining the effect of fuel prices. Research design, data, and methodology: This study is quantitatively designed. All variables were measured using a 7-point Likert-scale; 425 questionnaires were collected from the respondents in Malaysia. SmartPLS was utilized to examine the proposed nine hypotheses. Result: The results demonstrate a positive relationship between attitude and intention toward green cars. Additionally, the results of the relationships were as follows: fuel prices was the most significant predictor of Malaysian consumers' attitudes and consumers' intention to purchase green cars, followed by environmental consequences and government policy. However, retail sales promotions did not show a significant effect on both consumers' attitudes and intentions. Conclusion: The study's findings suggest that the Malaysian government should implement an integrated package that includes a fuel pricing policy that restricts the purchase of non-green cars, as well as a set of financial incentives for purchasing green cars. Moreover, it is valuable to conduct public awareness campaigns about the negative consequences of current consumption patterns.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.142-147
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• 2021

The main idea of the work is to address issues related to the activation of incentives in students of educational institutions, as an integral part of motivation in pedagogy, which is one of the priorities of higher education, in turn, the correct and timely application of motivational factors allows qualitative analysis, on the activation of cognitive interest in training. The purpose of the article is to study and qualitatively assess the methods and ways to stimulate students while studying in higher education. In solving the set tasks, a qualitative analysis of the known literature on the definition and application of motivation in the educational process. Definitely a stimulating process as a factor of psychological motivation. It is concluded that neither in understanding the essence of the stimulus, its role in the regulation of behavior, nor in understanding the relationship between stimulation and stimulus does not exist.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.14-27
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• 2021

Purpose : This study examined the effects of work environment and organizational culture on tertiary hospital nurses' turnover intention. Methods : A cross-sectional design was used, with a convenience sample of 371 hospital nurses from 16 units of three tertiary hospitals in South Korea. Data were collected through a self-report survey conducted during September and October 2016. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, and binary logistic regression analysis. Results : A total of 43.7% of the participants were identified as having turnover intention within 1 year. Factors related to turnover intention among hospital nurses were age, marital status, and total clinical career. Furthermore, a relationship-oriented organizational culture showed a negative association with turnover intention. Conclusion : These findings suggest it is important to provide appropriate motivational programs and incentives for nurses according to their clinical career to decrease turnover intention. Moreover, establishing a relationship-oriented organizational culture will also help to reduce the turnover intention of tertiary hospital nurses.