• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.489-498
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate selective attributes importance and satisfaction of University Ski Lecture Environment that students perceive using IPA method. In order to achieve this goal, a questionnaire was used to gather data, and the convenient sampling method was used to select 300 members from three pertinent university in Seoul and Chungcheong-do, Gyeongsang-do Province as participants of this study. Only data from 221 respondents however were used after screening data for reliability, and SPSS for Windows(21.0 version) statistical program was used to conduct descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, paired samples t-test analysis, independent samples t-test analysis and IPA matrix analysis. The following results were obtained. First, significant differences between the level of satisfaction and the level of importance were found for part of the selection attributes for each group. Second, Iquadrant was included with meals and information provided factors. IIquadrant was included with instructors and class program, information provided, accommodation factors. IIIquadrant was included in accommodation and meals, time-distance factors. IVquadrant was included in the information provided factor.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-21
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• 2009

The vascular flora of Dalmasan and its adjacent regions, located in Haenam-gun, Jellanam-do, is surveyed from Mar. to Oct. 2005. The number of the vascular plant taxa based on voucher specimens is 545 total which belongs to 112 families, 322 genera, 473 species, 3 subspecies, 60 varieties and 9 forms respectively. Among them, 12 taxa of Korean endemics and 4 taxa of rare and endangered plants were investigated in addition to 86 taxa of specially designated plants announced by the Ministry of Environment. A unrecorded taxon, Stellaria neglecta Weihe, is also collected in this area. Furthermore, The habitat of 5 taxa such as Asplenium trichomanes L., Asplenium wilfordii Mett. ex Kuhn, Miscanthus sinensis var. chejuensis Y.N.Lee, Impatiens kojeensisi Y.N.Lee and Digitaria violascens var. intersita Ohwi were newly added to the flora of korea, and 29 taxa of induced and naturalized plants were observed in this area.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 2015

This study aims to determine the factors affecting the dental service utilization of adults. The subjects in this study were 455 adults, whom a survey was conducted form May 7 to June 7, 2013. Statistical verification conducted through PASW Statistics was 18.0. The difference in the distribution of independent variables related with the dental service utilization was verified with chi-square test. Relevant factors were determined using Hierarchical logistic regression analysis. Model I is predisposing factor, Model II is predisposing factor and enabling factor. Model III is predisposing, enabling, need factor. Andersen model factor which infuences dental service utilization of adults resulted that use dental floss (OR, 2.32; CI, 1.39~3.86), use electric toothbrush (OR, 2.98; CI, 1.0~8.89), use interdental brush (OR, 2.55; CI, 1.36~4.78), self-efficacy (OR, 0.68; CI, 0.48~0.96), barriers (OR, 1.45; CI, 1.04~2.04). Predisposing factor and need factor were found to be determinants for dental service utilization in adult.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.73-81
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• 1999

This paper was intended to evaluate the effect of the blending condition of pigments on the packing structure of coating color and the interaction between pigments and latices on the optical and interior properties of coated paper. It has been studied many ways to modify the coating structure to induce the interaction among coating components as followings ; 1) to use dispersant for pigment, 2) to control the charge density and the type of surface charge of latex, 3) to support the water retention by adding water retention agent or flow modifier. This paper was performed through the introduction of interaction between pigments which were two kinds of clays and one precipitated calcium carbonate(PCC) and ionic latices of which anionic and amphoteric respectively under the certain blending condition of pigments where their blending ratio of clays to calcium carbonate was 70pph to 30pph. The reason is that packing volume of pigments was highest in that region and thixotropical behavior appears in measuring rheology of coating color. We measured the properties of coating color, interaction with pigments and latex, and properties of coated paper and its printability. As a results, we could find out that amphoteric latex had a great influence on the interaction with pigments, especially clays, no matter what grade and also affected the coating structure significantly in case that this blending condition was 70(clays) to 30(PCC). It produced a powerful effect on the forming of bulky and smooth coating structure and in turn improved the printability of coated paper.

• The Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Ultrasound Society
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between medial joint space on Rosenberg view and the degree of ultrasonographic medial meniscal extrusion. Materials and Methods: Three hundred ninety knees with medial joint tenderness examined by ultrasonography were reviewed between January 2009 and May 2010. Medial joint space was divided into Grade I (${\geq}$ 4 mm), Grade II (3~4 mm), Grade III (2~3 mm), Grade IV (1~2 mm) and Grade V (0~1 mm). Then sonographaphic mid-medial extrusion of the medial meniscus was measured in each patient. After dividing into Group A that didn't have large osteophytes (${\geq}$ 3 mm, medial joint at tibia) and Group B that had them, the correlation between the medial joint space and medial meniscal extrusion were analyzed in each group. One-way ANOVA & Scheffe test on the SAS program were used for the statistical analysis (p<0.05). Results: There was a positive correlation between grade of the joint space and medial meniscal extrusion in Group A, but there was no positive correlation in Group B (p<0.05). Conclusion: To the patients who didn't have advanced osteoarthritis, the narrowing of the medial joint space was one of the predictive factors for mid-medial extrusion of the medial meniscus.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.4 no.3_4
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• pp.105-112
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• 1971

The annual variation of algal vegetation at two reefs, A and 3, of Odong-do, Yeosu, was observed two times each month during the period from June 1970 to May 1971, and the results obtained are as follows : 1. The total number of the algal species occurred were 69 species, of which 12 species belong to Chlorophyceae, 17 species to Phaeophyceae and 40 species to Rhodophyceae. No significant difference was noticed in the occurrence number of algal species at the reefs observed. 2. Most species of the algal communities in each algal belt did not show seasonal variations, but the following species showed fluctuations iii cover degree : Ulva pertusa, Enteromorpha sp., Sphacelaria sp., Scytosiphon iomentaria, Colpomenia sinuosa, Sargassum thunber gii, Pterocladia tenuis, Amphiroa ephedrea, Carpopeltis affinis, Gigartina tenera, Polysiphonia yendoi, Chondria crassicaulis, Symphyocladia atiuscula. 3. The species occurred in each algal belt at all two reefs did not show much variations and the main species in each belt are as follows: $200\~150cm$ belt - Gloiopeltis complanata, G. furcata, Enteromorpha sp., etc. : $150\~100cm$ belt - Ulva pertusa, Chondria crassicaulis, Sargassum thunbergii, etc. ; $100\~50cm$ belt - Gigartina tenera, Pterocladia tenuis, Scytosiphcn lomentaria, Polysiphonia yendoi, etc ; Below 50cm- Sargassum sagamianum, Cystophyllum sisymbrioides, Gelidium amansii, Acresorium yendoi, Microcladia elegance, etc. 4. The species occurred below 100cm level were almost the same at A and B reefs, but those above 100cm level at the A leef were different from the B reef; th: species of the algal belt of reef A were composed of Gloiopeltis complanata, Corallina pilulifera, Chondria crassicaulis, Sargassum thunbergii, Polysiphonia yendoi, Ulva Pertusa, etc., and those of reef B were composed of Gloiopeltis complanata, G. furcata, Enteromurpha sp. and Ulva pertusa, thus the main composition of reef B was very simple. 5. According to Taniguti's classification of marin: algal com nunity, the reefs observed belong to the Gigartina intermedia-Sargassum sagaminnum association (Sargasseto-Gigartinetum Taniguti) of Myelophycus caespitosus alliance (Myelophycion Taniguti).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.58-77
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• 2017

This study was carried out to investigate the vascular plants of Mt. Nochu (1,322m) from April, 2014 to October, 2015. The vascular plants were summarized as 515 taxa, including 89 families, 304 genera, 448 species, 4 subspecies, 57 varieties and 6 forms. Among the investigated 515 taxa, 11 Korean endemic plants and 14 rare and endangered plants were included. The floristic regional indicator plants found in this area were 11 taxa of grade IV, 30 taxa of grade III. Naturalized plants consisted of 24 taxa that made up 4.6% of the total vascular plants in this area. Medicinal plants of the Korean Pharmacopoeia and Korean Herbal Pharmacopoeia distributed in this area consisted of 67 taxa.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.1655-1665
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• 2014

Dynamic displacements of structures shows general behavior of structures. Generally, It is used to estimate structure condition and trustworthy physical quantity directly. Especially, measuring vertical displacement which is affected by moving load is very important part to find or identify a problem of bridge in advance. However directly measuring vertical displacement of the bridge is difficult because of test conditions and restriction of measuring equipment. In this study, Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is used to suggest estimation method of bridge displacement to overcome constrain conditions, restriction and so on. Horizontal strain and vertical displacement which are measured by appling random moving load on the bridge are applied for learning and verification of ANN. Measured horizontal strain is used to learn ANN to estimate vertical displacement of the bridge. Numerical analysis is used to acquire learning data for axis strain and vertical displacement for applying ANN. Moving load scenario which is made by vehicle type and vehicle distance time using Pearson Type III distribution is applied to analysis modeling to reflect real traffic situation. Estimated vertical displacement in respect of horizontal strain according to learning result using ANN is compared with vertical displacement of experiment and it presents vertical displacement of experiment well.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.304-310
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• 2006

Prevotella intermedia is one of the most frequently implicated pathogens in human periodontal disease and has a requirement for hemin for growth. This study has identified a hemin-binding P. intermedia protein by expression of a P. intermedia genomic library in Escherichia coli, a bacterium which does not require or transport exogenous hemin. The genomic library of P. intermedia was constructed into plasmid pUC18, transformed into Escherichia coli strain $DH5{\alpha}$, and screened for recombinant clones using heminbinding activity by plating onto hemin-containing agar. Approximately 5,000 recombinant E. coli colonies were screened onto LB-amp-hemin agar, single clone(pHem1) was exhibited a clearly pigmented phonotype. The 2.5kb insert DNA of pHem1 was determined by restriction enzyme mapping. Southern blot analysis of BamHI, BglII, EcoRI, HindIII and PstI-digested P. intermedia DNA indicated that single copy of the gene was present in the genome. Northern blot analysis revealed that the size of transcript was approximately 1.8 kb. The cloned gene contained a single ORF, consisting of approximately 850-residue amino acids. A BLAST search of the Institute for Genomic Research genes with similar nucleotide sequence revealed no significant similarity It needs further investigation to clarify the mechanisms of heme uptake in P. intermedia.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.469-475
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• 2008

It is obvious that chloride penetration through cracks can threaten the durability of concrete substantially, according to the previous studies of author. It was proposed that crack depth corrseponded with critical crack width from the surface is a crucial factor in view of durability design of concrete structures. It is now necessary to deal with chloride penetration through microcracks characterized with the mixing features of concrete. The purpose of this study is examining the effect of mix proportional features of concrete such as coarse aggregate, high strengtherize of concrete and reinforcement of steel fiber on chloride penetration through cracks. Although small size of coarse aggregate can lead to many microcracks in concrete, the cracks should not impact on chloride penetration directly. On the contrary, chloride should penetrate through cracks easily in concrete with a large size of coarse aggregate because mixrocracks are connected to each other. Second, high strength concrete has an excellent performance to resist with chloride penetration. However, for cracked high strength concrete, its performance is reduced upto the level of ordinary concrete. Finally, steel fiber reinforcement is effective to reduce chloride penetration through cracks because steel fiber reinforcement can lead to reduce crack depth significantly.