• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제15권5호
• /
• pp.291-297
• /
• 2011

The effect of cyclosporin A (CsA), an immunosuppressant, on human ether-a-go-go-related gene (HERG) channel as it is expressed in human embryonic kidney cells was studied using a whole-cell, patch-clamp technique. CsA inhibited the HERG channel in a concentration-dependent manner, with an $IC_{50}$ value and a Hill coefficient of $3.17{\mu}m$ and 0.89, respectively. Pretreatment with cypermethrine, a calcineurin inhibitor, had no effect on the CsA-induced inhibition of the HERG channel. The CsA-induced inhibition of HERG channels was voltage-dependent, with a steep increase over the voltage range of the channel opening. However, the inhibition exhibited voltage independence over the voltage range of fully activated channels. CsA blocked the HERG channels predominantly in the open and inactivated states rather than in the closed state. Results of the present study suggest that CsA acts directly on the HERG channel as an open-channel blocker, and it acts independently of its effect on calcineurin activity.

• 생약학회지
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.173-175
• /
• 1978

The repeated administration of the cherry bark extract and its some fractions suppressed profoundly the antibody production in mice which were immunized with bacterial ${\alpha}-amylase$.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.717-725
• /
• 1996

We have developed an efficient immobilized cell separator for continuous operation of immobilized fungal cell cultures, and applied this separator to actual fermentation process for the production of cyclosporin A (CyA), a powerful immunosuppressant. In the experiments employing highly viscous polymer (carboxymethyl cellulose) solution, the decantor showed good separating performances at high solution viscosites and fast dilution rates. Air duct and cylindrical separator installed inside the decantor turned out to play key roles for the efficient separation of the immobilized cells. By installing the decantor in an immobilized perfusion reactor system (IPRS), continuous immobilized culture was stably carried out even at high dilution rate for a long period, leading to high productivities of free cells and CyA. Almost no immobilized biomass existed in effuluent stream of the IPRS, demonstrating the effectiveness of the decan- tor system for a long-term continuous fermentation. It was noteworthy that we could obtain these results despite of the unfavorable fermentation conditions, i.e., reduced density of the biosupports caused by overgrowth of cells inside the bead particles and existence of high density of suspended fungal cells (10g/l) in the fermentation broth.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.311-323
• /
• 2023

Immunosuppressants are vital in organ transplantation including facial transplantation (FT) but are associated with persistent side effects. This review article was prepared to compare the two most used immunosuppressants, cyclosporine and tacrolimus, in terms of mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety and to assess recent trials to mitigate their side effects. PubMed and Google Scholar queries were conducted using combinations of the following search terms: "transplantation immunosuppressant," "cyclosporine," "tacrolimus," "calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)," "efficacy," "safety," "induction therapy," "maintenance therapy," and "conversion therapy." Both immunosuppressants inhibit calcineurin and effectively down-regulate cytokines. Tacrolimus may be more advantageous since it lowers the likelihood of acute rejection, has the ability to reverse allograft rejection following cyclosporine treatment, and has the potential to reinnervate nerves. Meanwhile, graft survival rates seem to be comparable for the CNIs. To avoid nephrotoxicity, various immunosuppressants other than CNIs have been studied. Despite averting nephrotoxicity, these medications show increases in acute rejection or other types of adverse effects compared to CNIs. FT has been a topic of interest for oral and maxillofacial surgeons, and the postoperative usage of immunosuppressants is crucial for the long-term prognosis of FT. As contemporary transplantation regimens incorporate novel medications along with CNIs, further research is required.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2-1
• /
• pp.79-80
• /
• 2003

A lot of polyketide antibiotics have been isolated from natural sources like microorganism, fungi and plant. The polyketide natural products have biologically and medically important activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiparasitic, and immunosuppressant properties. The diversified activities of polyketides are originated from their structural variety of which have been took advantage by several research groups for development of new drugs. (omitted)

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물물리학회 1997년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.18-18
• /
• 1997

Chronic treatment with cyclosporin A (CsA) were shown to induce reversible alterations of contractile properties in rat heart. To define the molecular mechanisms underlying the physiological alterations, the $Ca^{2＋}$ release channel (CRC) and $Ca^{2＋}$-ATPase in rat sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) were examined.(omitted)

• 한국생물물리학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국생물물리학회 1997년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.29-29
• /
• 1997

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is widely used to suppress rejection in rcipients of solid organ or bone marrow transplants. A variety .of toxic side effects of this agent such as cardiotoxicity have been reported. However the underlying molecular mechanisms for the cardiotoxicity are not well resolved.(omitted)

• 한국임상약학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.193-199
• /
• 2010

Tacrolimus, an immunosuppressant prescribed against graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in patients with allogeneichematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), is affected to change its pharmacokinetic properties by various factors. For this reason, it is needed a close monitoring to adjust dosage amount in order to optimize the blood concentration of tacrolimus is located within the effective range. According to our in-house study, 62% of HSCT-patients were needed dosage-adjustment and it is necessary to optimize the current immunosuppressive regimen in clinical settings. A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the dosing regimen (converting ratio of IV:PO=1:4) of tacrolimus in HSCT patients (n=62). After collecting data from patient's profile and medical record, pharmacokinetic parameters were calculate and compared between the estimated and the actual values in the selected subjects (n=58). It was found that the bioavailabilty (BA) of oral tacrolimus was 40.5% very much different from that is known as 25%. It implies that the current protocol has a potent risk causes dose-related toxicities to the patients. Furthermore, analyses among factors demonstrated that there was no statistical significance between BA of tacrolimus and the variable factors. In the clinical perspectives, the current converting ratio of tacrolimus in patients with HSCT to be re-considered and an appropriate and optimal alternative regimen should be adopted to prevent GVHD and to increase the quality of life of patients.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제18권1호
• /
• pp.109-114
• /
• 1996

수질의 형질세포종(extramedullary plasmacytoma)은 극히 드물게 나타나는 형질세포 악성종양(plasma cell malignancy)중 하나이며 치은에 발생한 경우는 거의 보고된바 없다. 다발성 골수종과의 감별진단은 조직학적 검사 후에도 여러 혈액검사 및 병이화학 검사가 필요하며 초기진단에 확실한 검사는 어렵다. Pahor등에 의하면 수질외 형질세초종의 5년생존률이 60%인 것에 비해 다발성 골수종에서는 5.7%를 보여 예후에 있어서 현저한 차이를 보이고 보든 수질외 형질세포종환자에 있어서 전신질환으로의 진행 가능성은 배제할 수 없으므로 장기간의 관찰이 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 저자 등은 신장이식 수술 후 면역억제제를 사용한 15세 환자에서 치은에 발생한 형질세포을 치험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 진단, 예후, 치료 및 면역 억제제와의 연관성에 관하여 보고하는 바이다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.174-180
• /
• 2014

It is well known that patients with severe facial injuries accompanied by facial disfiguration are vulnerable to a poor quality of life. With the help of facial transplantation, it has become possible to achieve an optimal anatomical reconstruction. As compared to conventional methods, it can provide more desirable functional, aesthetic, and psychosocial outcomes. Face transplantation surgeons need to consider many problems associated with the criteria for selecting patients, techniques for harvesting the donor tissue, prediction of the expected functional outcomes, limitations in obtaining written informed consent for conducting the procedure, evaluation of the post-transplant immunological response and postoperative immunosuppressant requirements, psychological and social outcomes for the patients, and other concerns about funding and ethical issues.