• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.68
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• pp.175-216
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• 2021

This essay aims to seek an alternative model of catechesis, as this form of education faces various challenges from the Korean Church especially during COVID-19 pandemic. For a long time, catechesis in the Korean Church narrowly focused on the act of producing Christians who would be loyal to the local church, rather than focusing on nurturing members loyal to Christ, an issue that has been problematized in recent publications on catechesis. Thus, the loss of social trust in the Korean Church and the decline of its public image exemplify how this type of catechesis as disciple-making for local church's benefit, mostly nurtures a vertical dimension of faith. The current teaching and learning method mostly employs a unilateral transfer of doctrine from the teacher to the learner and emphasizes the memorization of doctrine. This type of instruction renders the catechesis as the most lackluster and outdated form of Christian education. This essay aims to reconceptualize the traditional model of catechesis. This essay first critically evaluates current situations of catechesis and presents several alternative meanings on the concept of doctrine. Then it explores the theories of catechesis through different models posed by Christian educators such as John Westerhoff III and Richard Osmer. The final section is devoted to presenting an alternative form of catechesis that focuses on seeking holistic faith.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.73-86
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• 2023

This study compared the characteristics of scientific emoticons made by general and science-gifted elementary students. To do this, fifth graders (n=53) at a general elementary school in Gyeonggi province and fifth graders (n=35) at a gifted science education institute in Seoul were selected. Scientific emoticons written by the students were compared according to the number and types. Analysis of the results reveal that the science-gifted students made more scientific emoticons than the general students for thirty minutes. In the comparison of the types of scientific emoticons, there were some similarities and significant differences between general students and science-gifted students. Overall, however, it was found that science-gifted students made more various types of scientific emoticons than general students in 'form' aspects (e.g., generative form of text, descriptive form of text, and expressive form of image) and 'information' aspects (e.g., emotion, construction level, excess of curriculum level, scientific disciplines, and use of scientific knowledge) of the texts and the images in the scientific emoticons. The scientific emoticons made by general and science-gifted elementary students included very few misconceptions. Educational implications of these findings are discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.371-377
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• 2017

General phantom for practical X-ray photography Practical phantom is an indispensable textbook for radiology, but it is difficult for existing commercially available phantom to be equipped with various kinds of phantom because it is an expensive import. Using 3D printing technology, I would like to make the general phantom for practical X-ray photography less expensive and easier. We would like to use a skeleton model that was produced based on CT image data using a 3D printer of FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) method as a phantom for general X-ray imaging. 3D slicer 4.7.0 program is used to convert CT DICOM image data into STL file, convert it to G-code conversion process, output it to 3D printer, and create skeleton model. The phantom of the completed phantom was photographed by X - ray and CT, and compared with actual medical images and phantoms on the market, there was a detailed difference between actual medical images and bone density, but it could be utilized as a practical phantom. 3D phonemes that can be used for general X-ray practice can be manufactured at low cost by utilizing 3D printers which are low cost and distributed and free 3D slicer program for research. According to the future diversification and research of 3D printing technology, it will be possible to apply to various fields such as health education and medical service.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.814-824
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• 2005

The study purpose was to examine weight control status and related factors among 370 high school girls in Seoul. Factors examined included interest toward weight control, body satisfaction, body image, beliefs regarding weight control and self-efficacy. $65.1\%$ had attempted to control weight and were categorized into attempt group. Those in the attempt group had higher body weight (p < 0.001) and BMI (p < 0.001) than the counterparts. They tried to control weight 2.9 times on average (22.4 days each time). The major information sources for weight control were internet ($62.8\%$), and TV/radio ($17.1\%$). Exercise was most commonly used for weight control, followed by reducing meal amount and skipping dinner. The attempt group was less satisfied with body size (p < 0.001) and perceived their body size as heavier than the counterparts (p < 0.001), but they showed more interest toward weight control (p < 0.001). The ideal body size of society or the body size that they want was very thin in both groups. Twelve out of 20 beliefs regarding weight control were significantly different between the two groups. The attempt group believed more strongly on the advantages such as increased self-confidence, appearance, attractiveness (p < 0.001) and 'good for making friends' (p < 0.01) In contrast, the attempt group believed less strongly about the disadvantages including harmful effects on health (p < 0.001), parents' dislike, feelings of discouragement (p < 0.01) and becoming (p < 0.05). The attempt group showed lower overall self-efficacy to control overeating (p < 0.05) than the counterparts. Especially, the attempt group felt less control of overeating in situations such as eating-out, after school, when they are with family (p < 0.01) or with friends, when they feel hungry, during examination periods and when others offer food (p < 0.05). This study suggested that weight management education for adolescents include strategies for changing body image and beliefs regarding weight control, as well as increasing self-efficacy to control overeating. (Korean J Community Nutrition 10(6) : $814\∼824$, 2005)

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.66
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• pp.113-145
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• 2021

As a contemporary exponent of Bauderillard's Simulation and Simulacra, this paper aims to reflect on the 'consumer culture' criticized by Baudrillard from the lens of Christian Education in reading the Drama, Penthouse related to the notions of the consumption-ideology, the desire and violence of image in the post-Covid 19 era. As Baudrillard begins to realize that the concept of simulation rooted from mass media in the modern society, he explains mass media as the emerging of Simulation or the process of Simulation will lead to the impulsion of reality, which ends up with vanishing the original reality. Baudrillard is explaining in his argument that the process of Simulation proceeds among various areas of the contemporary society being manipulated by mass media. While Simulation is the process of producing the hyperreality characterized by the excess of images that seems more real than the original reality, Simulation brought about Simulacra as excess reality or consequently exploding reality. Christian educators in the post-Covid 19 must know how to deal with critical theory by considering positive ways of avoiding questioning of how to articulate what the norm of universal consensus is in the specific situation. In other words, it should be noted that the nature of the ruling ideology and the ideology of consumption has been influenced or manipulated by mass media. Christian educators especially have to help young people in seeing the messages from the images of the screens, television, soap-opera, and commercial advertising making reality as Simulacre which is more real than the original reality. When the medium becomes the message, the power of medium makes the consumer not reach communication with it. This is the main reason in the controversy about the images on television drama, Penthouse and the impact of images on people's mind. As an exponent of McLuhan's belief that "the medium is the message", Baudrillard argues although the message and a subject of Simulacra(excessive reality) is unexpectedly disappearing, the medium itself is vanished through the silence of image. However, the task of Christian education has to fuel how we teach, learn, share and pass on the Word of God as the Message. Furthermore, it is worth noting that the Message of God cannot be vanished or burst with the impulsion of it, but exists forever. With Baudrillard's ideas of Simulation and Simulacra in mind, the work of Christian education as an observation platform can better engage the reflection on a consumer society of consumerism that makes Church community and a consumer irresistible against the Fake world.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to analyze the questions generated by elementary school pre-service teachers when reading the teacher's guide for the refraction of light, and to analyze the difficulties in understanding the concept and in making instructional plans. A total of 592 meaningful questions were generated by 283 elementary school pre-service teachers after reading the teacher's guide of 'light and lens' unit in the 6th grade of the 2015 revised curriculum. Of these, 306 questions are for understanding the concept of physics and 286 are pedagogical questions. As a result of the analysis, in terms of understanding the concept of physics, the elementary school pre-service teachers encounter difficulties in understanding the concept of the 'cause' of the phenomenon suggested in the textbook, such as the cause of refraction, the reason for scattering light, and the cause of the image change depending on the focal length of the convex lens. In terms of instructional planning, it was followed by questions about how to explain concepts, questions about not being able to explain concepts to elementary school students and having to teach only phenomena, specific explanation methods for specific concepts, and experimental methods. Although the teacher's guide contains various explanations and supplementary materials to help teachers understand the concept, it can be seen that there are many elementary pre-service teachers who cannot answer questions about some concepts even after reading the guide. For concepts with a high frequency of questions, it is necessary to prepare a tutorial that is more understandable. In the instructional plan, there were many questions about teaching methods and experimental methods, so it is necessary to provide more examples and specific experimental methods for explaining concepts in the teacher's guide.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.613-628
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to compare the differences of the career development and the occupational view between giftedness in computer science and normal students in elementary school, so the results of this study provide assistance to the teacher for the direction and guidance on the career education of the giftedness in computer science in elementary school. This survey is based on 82 giftedness in computer science and 167 normal elementary school students. The questionnaires used in the study contain questions asking regarding the career development and the occupational view. The results of this study were as follows : First, according to the consciousness analysis result about career, the giftedness in computer science choose to be scientific technicians, the normal students choose to be artists. The both groups get career information from their parents, but they usually don't get career counseling from teachers. The education of giftedness in computer science does not contribute to changing their dreams, while normal students have no interest in computer science. Second, according to the career development analysis result, in comparison with non-gifted students, the gifted in information science had more success in all domains of career development. Third, according to the occupational view analysis result, the information science gifted students had higher meaningful rate than the normal students. Intrinsic domain' had higher meaningful rate among the subordinate domains, there is no difference in 'extrinsic domain' and 'incidental domain' between the information science gifted students and the normal students. Fourth, according to the correlation analysis result of the career development and the occupational view, there is a positive correlation in all domains of them. The high they are in the career development, the more they have the certain occupational view. Likewise, if they have the certain occupational view, they will be more successful in career development. Based on the findings of this research, the directing and guidance on the career education of giftedness in computer science in elementary school is same as the followings. We should educate parents regarding information about career for students who are under the influence of parents greatly and indicate them to apply to their children appropriately. In addition, for making them to have the positive image of the computer science, teacher should provide more information about the area of information and form various curriculums to induce more interests about computer science. We need to strengthen the career education for guiding the gifted to assist them to establish their own goal and realize them how to study and choose their career in the future. In school education field, it must develop and manage the definite and empirical program, not the career development program which is focused on only entrance into advanced school, to boost self-realization ability and the suitable career education program based on the correct understanding on giftedness in computer science. For this, through steady trying and research, teachers should be eater to develop the career education for students. Also, we have to implement the internal stability career education program, so it will help students to be aware of their job and career; therefore, students will be able to plan and prepare for their career in this rapid changing world.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.1 no.1 s.1
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• pp.65-78
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• 2003

This research is to provide practical help in learning hair and makeup illustration skills by presenting techniques for hair and makeup drawing; to serve efficient illustration education; and to enhance the status of beauty and contribute to artistic development. Hair style and makeup techniques include graphical one, pattern-centered one, one using pattern paper, simplifying one and mood one expressing image. Of them, this research made the illustrations to use cosmetics, color pencils and pastel based on the graphical technique. for each design of the illustrations, ethnic, sexy, natural, romantic and gorgeous images, which were considered to be appropriate to the graphical technique, were chosen by the researcher out of hair and makeup styles that appeared in the fashion magazines including Vogue, Gap, Mode et Mode from 2000 through 2001. In particular, they were chosen with focusing on basic styles. The summaries below were found with the experience of making illustrations. Various techniques and skills are required to express the ideas of hair and makeup styles. Of them, the graphical technique is very useful as the primary step to learn various techniques and improve drawing skills. First, the graphical technique may enable not only expressing what is desired to draw as is, but also accurately representing hair and makeup designs so as to convey objective expression. In this regard, it is a proper way to achieve its inherent purpose as conveyance of messages. Second, more accurate styling of hair and makeup is available through graphical expression, which helps understand related practical techniques. In addition, makeup illustration, which is expressed through direct makeup products and instruments, may serve skill improvement since such direct use provides the feeling of real makeup. Third, the graphical technique as a basic drawing skill may unrestrictedly show the artist's expression ability. Fourth, although artistic merits implying individuality and creativity should be shared through illustrations that express the artist's ideas or emotions, the graphical technique is the easiest method to beginners who just started learning of illustration, in that it enables expression without highly advanced skills.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.217-227
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• 1998

This study "The advance Study of human resource development Program Object for community Peoples in Information Society." that is too much important in Information society and IMF times. Human resource development is the process by which a community insures that it has the right number and kinds of peoples, in the right places at the right time, doing the things for which they are economically most useful. In the IMF season, an ever increasing number of cooperations are appointing executive level positions responsible for the re-enpoloyment, advancement, development of teaching, and growth of human resources. As a result, the field is being viewed as an important strategic approach to improved productivity efficiency and profitability in information society. Also, human resource development is a dynamic and evolving field in the world business. Industrial society organizations consist of three types of resources that machines, financial and human but, today have resource of organization that Knowledge, information and idea all include human. Human resource development factors will be consisted of that individual development, career development, motivation, Image making, Orignal idea development orientation and education and management time.ment time.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.75-84
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• 2019

Recently, the value of video as an important data of medical information technology is increasing due to the feature of rich clinical information. On the other hand, video is also required to be de-identified as a medical image, but the existing methods are mainly specialized in the stereotyped data and still images, which makes it difficult to apply the existing methods to the video data. In this paper, we propose an automated system to index candidate elements of personal identification information on a frame basis to solve this problem. The proposed system performs indexing process using text and person detection after preprocessing by scene segmentation and color knowledge based method. The generated index information is provided as metadata according to the purpose of use. In order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed system, the indexing speed was measured using prototype implementation and real surgical video. As a result, the work speed was more than twice as fast as the playing time of the input video, and it was confirmed that the decision making was possible through the case of the production of surgical education contents.