• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2002

Purpose: The use of statistical parametric mapping (SPM) program has increased for the analysis of brain PET and SPECT images. Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) coordinate is used in SPM program as a standard anatomical framework. While the most researchers look up Talairach atlas to report the localization of the activations detected in SPM program, there is significant disparity between MNI templates and Talairach atlas. That disparity between Talairach and MNI coordinates makes the interpretation of SPM result time consuming, subjective and inaccurate. The purpose of this study was to develop a program to provide objective anatomical information of each x-y-z position in ICBM coordinate. Materials and Methods: Program was designed to provide the anatomical information for the given x-y-z position in MNI coordinate based on the Statistical Probabilistic Anatomical Map (SPAM) images of ICBM. When x-y-z position was given to the program, names of the anatomical structures with non-zero probability and the probabilities that the given position belongs to the structures were tabulated. The program was coded using IDL and JAVA language for 4he easy transplantation to any operating system or platform. Utility of this program was shown by comparing the results of this program to those of SPM program. Preliminary validation study was peformed by applying this program to the analysis of PET brain activation study of human memory in which the anatomical information on the activated areas are previously known. Results: Real time retrieval of probabilistic information with 1 mm spatial resolution was archived using the programs. Validation study showed the relevance of this program: probability that the activated area for memory belonged to hippocampal formation was more than 80%. Conclusion: These programs will be useful for the result interpretation of the image analysis peformed on MNI coordinate, as done in SPM program.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• 제15권7호
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• pp.43-56
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• 2015

Amidst various efforts which have been made to revive a city, the potential discovery related to the development of public design based on copious cultural heritages is extremely significant. Therefore, in this study, qualitative researches were conducted based on bibliographic data and image materials centered on public design of Theme Park in Daechon-dong, Gwangju Metropolitan City. The case studies verifying the identity of Korean public design through countless numbers of research materials. However, it's necessary to pay attention to a common fact because it's essential to find the national legitimacy and regional identity by tiding over problems in standardized urban development through well-designed development plan for history, living and economy bloc among the regional traditional cultural assets while rejecting the meaning in an excessively broad sense. The spaces assigned with significance are cultural contents embedded with cultural original form of the region and there is room for creative development in order to generate city brand value and to activate the space. This study is significant in that the spatial interpretation of Daechon-dong's Theme Park and the methodology of semiotic spatial planning can not only be applied but also in that this study has demonstrated positive effects on space.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.787-799
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• 2018

Accurate and effective mapping is critical step to monitor the spatial distribution and change of flood inundated area in large scale flood event. In this study, we try to suggest methods to use low spatial resolution satellite optical imagery for flood mapping, which has high temporal resolution to cover wide geographical area several times per a day. We selected the Sebou watershed flood in Morocco that was occurred in early 2010, in which several hundred $km^2$ area of the Gharb lowland plain was inundated. MODIS daily surface reflectance product was used to detect the flooded area. The study area showed several distinct spectral patterns within the flooded area, which included pure turbid water and turbid water with vegetation. The flooded area was extracted by thresholding on selected band reflectance and water-related spectral indices. Accuracy of these flooding detection methods were assessed by the reference map obtained from Landsat-5 TM image and qualitative interpretation of the flood map derived. Over 90% of accuracies were obtained for three methods except for the NDWI threshold. Two spectral bands of SWIR and red were essential to detect the flooded area and the simple thresholding on these bands was effective to detect the flooded area. NIR band did not play important role to detect the flooded area while it was useful to separate the water-vegetation mixed flooded classes from the purely water surface.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.7-17
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• 2011

We have developed an inversion code for three-dimensional (3D) resistivity tomography including the anisotropy effect. The algorithm is based on the finite element approximations for the forward modelling and Active Constraint Balancing method is adopted to enhance the resolving power of the smoothness constraint least-squares inversion. Using numerical experiments, we have shown that anisotropic inversion is viable to get an accurate image of the subsurface when the subsurface shows strong electrical anisotropy. Moreover, anisotropy can be used as additional information in the interpretation of subsurface. This algorithm was also applied to the field dataset acquired in the abandoned old mine area, where a high-rise apartment block has been built up over a mining tunnel. The main purpose of the investigation was to evaluate the safety analysis of the building due to old mining activities. Strong electrical anisotropy has been observed and it was proven to be caused by geological setting of the site. To handle the anisotropy problem, field data were inverted by a 3D anisotropic tomography algorithm and we could obtain 3D subsurface images, which matches well with geology mapping observations. The inversion results have been used to provide the subsurface model for the safety analysis in rock engineering and we could assure the residents that the apartment has no problem in its safety after the completion of investigation works.

• Archives of design research
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• 18호
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• pp.113-121
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• 1996

Persuasion is one of the attractive channels to enhance the relation between markerters and consumers and deliver the true communication on products to the consumers. This arctic tried to examine the symbolic meaning system as a way of maximizing the visual communicational effect of persuasion, the efforts of marketers who are trying to utilize the psychology of the mass that consume the symbol rather than products and the symbol system as a mean of propaganda were analyzed as well. People in modern age, in general, place more value on the emotional assoessibility than the efficiency of the product, As a result, the ways of expression of propaganda approaching the mass are in the process of gradual change, which was another theme this article tried to explore. Ames sied that the human preoeption has a tendency to perceive things in some organized pattern, which can be applied to even untransparable and meaningless image. Human beings don't perceive what there is but what, thery believe there to be, and his peroeption are channelized by the opportunity of the past, his peroeption are channelized by the opportunity of the past, his experience of the environment, and the history of learning. To say another word, people not only recognize the objective form but also accept the inside meaning of the visual object. Their reponse to the visual object, therefore, include personal cognition, judgment, and attitued. The communication in visual design reveals the culture, society, and art in a complex symbol, and make synthetic cultural interpretation possible. It's pretty attractive, effective, and reasonable method to use symbolic meaning system as a way of persuasion. It is because communication means whole process from receiving and delivering the information and message to making common meaning system, to measuring the effect of the behavior change.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2010

As the tangible evidence, documentary art records are permanent records to reflect the historical, symbolical, cultural and artistic value. Also, documentary art records are related with mission fulfillment of public institution and it is documentary with administrative, cultural and artistic values as the works of documentary production and application of the administrative image. "The public records management law" was the first time that administration documents were incorporated and in the act No. 3 of administrative records management, the preservation and management system of documentary art records became legislated. The management of documentary art records are difficult to categorize only by the reflect of characteristics or materials. Because documentary art records are collected in many ways and made with materials. It needs to be collected with many informations on basic materials and with the appropriate conservation and management category. Documentary art records do not have lots of demands but the level of consciousness is improving and the possibility of opening to public is increasing for improvement with the right to know. In near future, the documentary art records will be used for the interpretation of historical and cultural preservation and modern cultural heritage could have the value as it is expected. Primarily to prevent deterioration on documentary art records the standard survey card should be made to categorize the damage rate and to check the status on each documentary art records. In addition, establishing a systematic management plan for various documentary art records are needed with the training of professionals for the conservation of documentary art records.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• 통권50호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2018

This study investigated realism sceneries shown in animation movies of auteurism. Although animation has properties of mechanical images arranged by short cuts, it essentially starts with the images dealing with space art based on the consciousness of an author. In this aspect, sceneries of animation movies can be the most proper subject for study from the viewpoint of image. Generally, sceneries of animation movies maintain the neutral position as a stage setting for story. However, as for auteurism animation, the sceneries have subjective meaning as major media to express the work or the vision and value of the author on the world. The representative animation movies that reflect the role and meaning of realism sceneries among auteurism animations are and . The former shows Korean sceneries and the latter presents local sceneries of Japan quite well. Reviewing the characteristics of sceneries shown in two movies, the sceneries of are the discovery of internal consciousness of the author that signifies pure innocence of childhood into the voice of nature through the style of the author. Meanwhile, sceneries of adopted nature landscape surrealistically based on the internal consciousness of the author and described the forest as the absolute utopia of the author. As such, the sceneries shown in two movies were utilized as the "framework of thought" of the authors that intensify the viewpoint of the movies on the world through empirical interpretation and detailed description of neutral landscape based on internal consciousness of the authors.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.311-327
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• 1999

Lee, Je-ma proposed ways like Chehyungkisang to judge each constitution, so, on the basis of this, we can judge constitution in various ways. Such a theory is based on behavior determinism's way of thinking of Lee, Je-ma. We can know this that form is not recognized as an object reflecting image, but a subjective concept from Tukyonyodun, Yimokbiku(ears, eyes, nose and mouth), Hameokjebok of Sungmyong Theory. Lee, Je-ma thought each part of human body has not only physical function but also complex temperative function. Putting this consideration and Jangbu Theory describing human body directly, together, it can be said that these all have an established theory on Chehyungkisang of constitution judgement. Thus, the following hypotheses are given. From Sadan Theory and Hwakchung Theory, strength of Jangbu of Sasangin is Pe>Bi>Shin>Kan in Taeyangin and Bi>Pe>Kan>Shin in Soyangin and Kan>Shin>Bi>Pe> in Taeumin and Shin>Kan>Pe>Bi in Soumin. The concept of Shinkihyuljung is related with creation of form and spirit of each Jangkuk and Aenoheerak(sorrow, anger, joy, pleasure). From this viewpoint, Sasangin can be classified into; Taeyangin into Shinkijunghyul type, Taeumin into Hyuljungkishin type, Soumin into Junghyuishinki type. Introduced a fixed way to explain of each constitution according to this strength relationship. I hope more lively discussions on Constitutional Medicine will be continued based on this attempt.

• Spatial Information Research
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.141-153
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to develop and apply spatial landslide information system using Geographic information system (GIS) in concerned with spatial data. Landslide locations detected from interpretation of aerial photo and field survey, and topographic , soil , forest , and geological maps of the study area, Yongin were collected and constructed into spatial database using GIS. As landslide occurrence factors, slope, aspect and curvature of topography were calculated from the topographic database. Texture, material, drainage and effective thickness of soil were extracted from the soil database, and type, age, diameter and density of wood were extracted from the forest database. Lithology was extracted from the geological database, and land use was classified from the Landsat TM satellite image. In addition, landslide damageable objects such as building, road, rail and other facility were extracted from the topographic database. Landslide susceptibility was analyzed using the landslide occurrence factors by probability, logistic regression and neural network methods. The spatial landslide information system was developed to retrieve the constructed GIS database and landslide susceptibility . The system was developed using Arc View script language(Avenue), and consisted of pull-down and icon menus for easy use. Also, the constructed database can be retrieved through Internet World Wide Web (WWW) using Internet GIS technology.

• Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2007

The MH21 Research Consortium has conducted a high-resolution 3D seismic survey and a seafloor geochemical survey, to explore methane hydrate reservoirs in the eastern Nankai Trough, offshore Japan. Excellent geological information about shallow formations was obtained from the high-resolution 3D seismic survey, which was designed to image the shallow formations where methane hydrates exist. The information is useful in constructing a geological and geochemical model, and especially to understand the complex geology of seafloor, including geochemical manifestations and the structure of migration conduits for methane gas or methane-bearing fluid. By comparing methane seep sites observed by submersibles with seismic sections, some significant relationships between methane hydrate reservoirs, free gas accumulations below the seafloor, and seafloor manifestations are recognised. Bathymetric charts and seafloor reflection amplitude maps, constructed from seismic reflections from the seafloor, are also useful in understanding the relationships over a vast area. A new geochemical seafloor survey targeted by these maps is required. The relationships between methane hydrate reservoirs and seafloor manifestations are becoming clearer from interpretation of high-resolution 3D seismic data. The MH21 Research Consortium will continue to conduct seafloor geochemical surveys based on the geological and geochemical model constructed from high-resolution 3D seismic data analysis. In this paper, we introduce a basis for exploration of methane hydrate reservoirs in Japan by fusion of 3D seismic exploration and seafloor geochemical surveys.