• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.320-331
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• 2016

제철소에서 부생되는 LDG (Linze Donawitz gas) 가스는 일산화탄소(CO)를 60% 이상 포함한다. LDG로부터 CO를 고순도로 분리하는 2가지 공정을 고려하였다: COSORB와 CO-PSA (pressure swing adsorption). 이 연구의 목적은 기술경제성평가(TEA: techno-economic analysis)를 통하여 이 두 공정 중 어떤 공정이 더 경제성이 높은 지를 결정하는 하는 것이었다. TEA의 기술적 측면에서는 초기투자비(TCI: total capital investment)와 총생산비용(TPC: total production cost)을 추정하기 위하여 먼저 공정흐름도(PFD: process flow diagram)를 완성하고, 물질 및 에너지 수지식을 계산한 후, 장치 종류 및 크기를 결정하였다. TEA의 경제성 측면에서는 투자회수율(ROI: return on investment) 및 투자회수기간(PBP: payback period)과 같은 경제성 판단기준을 산출하였고, ROI와 PBP에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 인자들을 찾기 위하여 민감도 분석을 수행하였다. CO-PSA 공정은COSORB 공정 보다 더 높은 ROI와 더 낮은 PBP로 인하여 경제적 우위를 보여주었다. CO의 가격은 ROI와 PBP에 가장 큰 영향을 주는 인자로 파악되었다.

• 한국BIM학회 논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2017

BIM is effective to improve the labor productivity of construction participants. From this point of view, it is important to analyze the outcome related with BIM Labor which covers most of the BIM investment costs. This research focuses on BIM RFI which is one of the major task of the BIM labor and analyze the outcomes. In addition, this research was quantitatively analyzed by the standby time and related cost caused by BIM labor, which affect the results of the project participants. To this end, analytical standby queue model was utilized to analyze the labor focusing on micros TASK. 11 projects were selected to analyze the results of BIM labor and RFI that the project participants requested to the BIM labor was collected. Through this, it collected variables for analyzing results, and Finally, we pulled out 4 projects for analysis. In this study, the basic results analysis of RFI processing of the BIM labor, the probabilistic analysis of BIM labor service status, and the economic analysis of BIM labor optimal inputs were performed by using the research model presented. The results of this study can be utilized to formulate the optimal strategy for BIM labor inputs(e.g. number of employees, level, time point, etc.) of the construction phase. Moreover, it can contribute to ensuring the credibility of the BIM ROI results by presenting the cost of BIM services in BIM ROI analysis and the standby cost of project participants.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.599-608
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• 2017

아스팔트 도로표면의 균열은 자동차 속도, 연료 소비량, 도로주행 시 승차감, 도로표면의 내구성 등에 영향을 미친다. 이러한 도로의 균열은 장시간 방치 시 상당히 위험한 결과를 초래할 수 있다. 사람이 직접 균열을 찾아 내어 적절한 조치를 취하기에는 너무 많은 시간과 비용이 소모된다. 또한 고가의 레이저 장비 차량들을 활용하기에는 초기 비용과 장비 운용에 어려움을 가진다. 이에 본 연구에서는 UAV 영상을 이용해 컴퓨터 비전 기반의 관심영역(ROI: Region of Interest) 설정과 에지 검출 알고리즘을 적용하여 도로표면의 균열탐지 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구 결과는 무인항공기를 활용한 효율적인 도로표면 결함탐지 및 유지보수 방안으로 제시될 수 있다. 또한 도로 이외 건물빌딩의 외벽, 대규모 저장 탱크 등 다양한 건축, 토목 구조물에 발생된 균열 탐지에 활용이 가능하며 비용저감 효과를 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.39-48
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• 2012

An early detection system for warranty issues periodically collects customers' claim data and automatically reports alarms about emerging issues based on statistical algorithms. It helps companies to reduce an issue definition time and save the handling cost of warranty claims. This paper provides an evaluation framework to validate the economic effect of an early detection system project. For this purpose, we present economical index of a project with explicit formulas such as ROI(return on investment), PP(payback period), NPV(net present value), PI(profitability index) and IRR(internal rate of return) and analyze the sensitivities of the index according to the variation of project input parameters. The proposed analysis framework is expected to be used for evaluating economic values of various system integration projects.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.149-168
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• 2007

IT 투자성과의 정량화에 대한 필요성이 높아짐에 따라 학계와 연구단체에서 IT 투자성과의 화폐가치 전환 및 정량적 평가를 위한 다양한 측정방법들을 개발하여 제시하고 있으며, 이들 기법을 활용하여 IT 투자성과를 정량적으로 평가하는 기업들이 점차 늘고 있다. 그러나 이와 같은 IT 투자성과의 정량적 평가 기법을 도입한 기업의 실무자들은 화폐가치로 전환되어 도출된 결과들이 가시적으로 확인될 수 있는 것이 아니기 때문에 IT가 제공하는 실 효과를 제대로 반영하여 평가되었는지에 대하여 확신하지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 IT 투자성과의 정량적 평가 결과를 기존의 많은 연구를 통해 IT 투자성과의 정성적인 평가로 입증된 사용자 만족도로써 설명이 가능한지 파악하여 보기 위하여 기업의 사례 분석을 통해 그 상관관계를 분석하였다. 사례 연구 결과, 다음과 같은 시사점을 도출하였다. 첫째, 정보화 효과금액은 사용자 만족도와 상관관계가 있다. 둘째, 합리적인 정보화 효과금액의 도출을 위해서는 조직 내에서 시스템의 효과를 정량화할 수 있는 지표 개발 및 화폐전환 데이터의 관리가 중요하다. 셋째, IT ROI는 시스템 간의 성과를 비교하는 것에는 부적절하며 개별 시스템의 성과 및 효율성 측정 기준으로 사용하는 것이 적절하다. 넷째, 정량적 평가가 여전히 시스템의 전략적인 부분 등에 대한 평가에는 미흡하기 때문에 이를 보완하기 위한 방법으로 사용자 만족도를 함께 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.

• 에너지공학
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.202-214
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• 2007

에너지 IT 사업을 보다 효율적으로 수행하기 위해서 뿐만 아니라 전력선 통신망을 기반으로 한 서비스 구현을 효과적으로 추진하기 위해 제시되는 개념이 HSA(Home Service Aggregator)이다. 전력선 통신망 기반의 HSA 사업 모델 개발은 새로운 에너지 분야 사업 영역의 확대와 소비자 중심의 서비스를 통한 신수요 창출의 기회를 제공할 것으로 기대를 모으기에 충분하다고 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 보다 효율적이고 성공적인 HSA사업 모델 개발을 위해 가장 우선적으로 행해져야할 경제성 평가를 에너지 사업자 입장에서 면밀히 분석해 정책 의사 결정에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 분석을 위한 기본 데이터 수집을 위해 총 사업 기간은 2009년도부터 2020년까지로 하였으며, HSA사업 비용의 범위로 장비 비용, 장비 설치 비용, 그리고 운영비용으로 나누어 살펴보았다. 이중 장비 비용 및 장비 설치비용은 MGW와 RMS에 대한 것이고, 운영비용은 인건비, 회선운용비 및 설비 유지 비용으로 구성하였다. 그리고, 투자 대상의 범위는 주거 밀도가 높은 도심지를 대상으로 한 약 900만 수용가로 삼았다. HSA사업을 통해서 얻을 수 있는 중요 편익 원천으로는 원격검침서비스(AMR : Automatic Meter Reading), 인터넷통합빌링 서비스, 통합과금서비스, 인터넷 서비스, 그리고 방범 서비스에 대한 편익을 분석 범주로 설정하여 경제성 평가를 수행하였다. 그리고 전기 안전 편익은 사회적 편익으로 별도로 살펴보아 HSA사업의 정책 결정에 도움을 주고자 하였다. 연구 분석 방법론으로써는 경제성평가 방법론 중 가장 많이 쓰이고 있는 현금흐름할인법을 활용한 순현재가치법을 이용하였다. 연구결과 HSA 사업의 총 투자비는 1조 400여억원으로 산출되었고, 사회적편익을 제외한 총편익은 1조 20여억원이 산출되었다고 2015년까지 투자비를 회수한다고 가정하였을때 각가구로부터 얻어야 할 편익은 월간 가구당 513원으로 분석되었다. HSA의 사업에 대한 ROI는 1에 약간 못미치는 0.954값이 나왔으나, 사회편익 요소인 전기안전 편익이 크기에 이를 모두 편익에 포함한다면 HSA사업의 경제성은 1을 넘게 됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.137-165
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• 2007

It seems high time to increase productivity by adopting e-business to overcome challenges posed by both external factors including the appreciation of Korean won, oil hikes and fierce global competition and domestic issues represented by disparities between large corporations and small and medium enterprises (SMEs), Seoul metropolitan and local cities, and export and domestic demand all of which weaken future growth engines in the Korean economy. The demands of the globalization era are for innovative changes in businessprocess and industrial structure aiming for creating new values. To this end, e-business is expected to play a core role in the sophistication of the Korean economy through new values and innovation. In order to examine business performance in e-business-adopting industries, this study analyzed the home shopping industry by closely looking into the financial ratios including the ratio of net profit to sales, the ratio of operation income to sales, the ratio of gross cost to sales cost, the ratio of gross cost to selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expense, and return of investment (ROI). This study, for best outcome, referred to corporate financial statements as a main resource to calculate financial ratios by utilizing Data Analysis, Retrieval and Transfer System (DART) of the Financial Supervisory Service, one of the Korea's financial supervisory authorities. First of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of net profit to sales is as following. CJ Home Shopping has registered a remarkable increase in its ratio of net profit rate to sales since 2002 while its competitors find it hard to catch up with CJ's stunning performances. This is partly due to the efficient management compared to CJ's value of capital. Such significance, if the current trend continues, will make the front-runner assume the largest market share. On the other hand, GS Home Shopping, despite its best organized system and largest value of capital among others, lacks efficiency in management. Second of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of operation income to sales is as following. Both CJ Home Shopping and GS Home Shopping have, until 2004, recorded similar growth trend. However, while CJ Home Shopping's operating income continued to increase in 2005, GS Home Shopping observed its operating income declining which resulted in the increasing income gap with CJ Home Shopping. While CJ Home Shopping with the largest market share in home shopping industryis engaged in aggressive marketing, GS Home Shopping due to its stability-driven management strategies falls behind CJ again in the ratio of operation income to sales in spite of its favorable management environment including its large capital. Companies in the Group B were established in the same year of 2001. NS Home Shopping was the first in the Group B to shift its loss to profit. Woori Home Shopping has continued to post operating loss for three consecutive years and finally was sold to Lotte Group in 2007, but since then, has registered a continuing increase in net income on sales. Third of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of gross cost to sales cost is as following. Since home shopping falls into sales business, its cost of sales is much lower than that of other types of business such as manufacturing industry. Since 2002 in gross costs including cost of sales, SG&A expense, and non-operating expense, cost of sales turned out to have remarkably decreased. Group B has also posted a notable decline in the same sector since 2002. Fourth of all, the result of the trend analysis on the ratio of gross cost to SG&A expense is as following. Due to its unique characteristics, the home shopping industry usually posts ahigh ratio of SG&A expense. However, more than 80% of SG&A expense means the result of lax management and at the same time, a sharp lower net income on sales than other industries. Last but not least, the result of the trend analysis on ROI is as following. As for CJ Home Shopping, the curve of ROI looks similar to that of its investment on fixed assets. As it turned out, the company's ratio of fixed assets to operating income skyrocketed in 2004 and 2005. As far as GS Home Shopping is concerned, its fixed assets are not as much as that of CJ Home Shopping. Consequently, competition in the home shopping industry, at the moment, is among CJ, GS, Hyundai, NS and Woori Home Shoppings, and all of them need to more thoroughly manage their costs. In order for the late-comers of Group B and other home shopping companies to advance further, the current lax management should be reformed particularly on their SG&A expense sector. Provided that the total sales volume in the Internet shopping sector is projected to grow over 20 trillion won by the year 2010, it is concluded that all the participants in the home shopping industry should put strategies on efficient management on costs and expenses as their top priority rather than increase revenues, if they hope to grow even further after 2007.

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.47-67
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• 2007

This paper aims at suggesting several ways lo change financial vulnerability and to improve managerial capability of local public hospitals (LPHs) in Korea through the identification of factors affecting profitability. Several findings of the research are as follows: To begin with, LPHs exhibited a statistically significant difference in their profitability from one another, according to tile analyses of their profitable margins from tile general characteristics. It depends on the number of hospitals in the area, the population of the hospital-built area, the number of competing hospitals, the number of staff per 100 beds, the opening of special clinic, the educational function, and the capacity of rooms. However, there was no variable in the managerial characteristics, presenting a significant difference, in contrast with hospitals which have been managed by private companies and made a great amount of profits. Second, according to the analyses of profit differences in behavioral effort-characteristics, a statistically significant difference was revealed upon the basis of the efforts to improve the clinic service, invite special patients, and shorten the period of being hospitalized. Third, the result of analyses about the difference of profitability from medical care and finance is statistically significant in the rate of labor cost, the rate of management cost, bed-occupancy rate, and the period of being hospitalized. Fourth, according to the analyses of the factors influencing the net profit ratio of the entire capital, Adjusted explanatory power(Adjusted $R^2$) was shown up to 65.2%, which is high. To compare the adjusted explanatory power stage by stage, the first stage model applying only two variables such as structural and strategic characteristics exhibited 23.8%, and the second stage model adding financial characteristics showed 51.5%. The explanatory power was much improved up to 65.2% when the third stage model incorporated the outcome of medical care performance. When the return on investment(ROI) was examined by using the multi-variate linear regression analysis at the final model of third stage, it was found that ROI had a positive relationship with the increase rate of patients, labor costs per doctor, and medical care rate of socially protected inpatients. However, it revealed that ROI had a negative relationship with the ratio of labor costs, the number of patients per managerial staff, and occupancy rate of rooms, respectively. The research suggests that in order for LPHs to increase profitability, LPH, should make efforts not only to attract patients to the hospitals without any discrimination of the patients depending on their financial status, but also to develop efficient management methods to reduce labor costs.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.2418-2425
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• 2021

Monazite is a phosphate mineral that contains thorium (Th) and rare earth elements. The Th concentration in monazite can be as high as 500 ppm, and it has the potential to be used as fuel in the nuclear power system. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct the techno-economic analysis (TEA) of Th extraction in the form of thorium oxide (ThO₂) from monazite. Th can be extracted from monazite through an alkaline fusion method. The TEA of ThO₂ production studied parameters, including raw materials, equipment costs, total plant direct and indirect costs, and direct fixed capital cost. These parameters were calculated for the production of 0.5, 1, and 10 ton ThO₂ per batch. The TEA study revealed that the highest production cost was ascribed to installed equipment. Furthermore, the highest return on investment (ROI) of 21.92% was achieved for extraction of 1 ton/batch of ThO₂, with a payback time of 4.56 years. With further increase in ThO₂ production to 10 ton/batch, the ROI was decreased to 5.37%. This is mainly due to a significant increase in the total capital investment with increasing ThO₂ production scale. The minimum unit production cost was achieved for 1 ton ThO₂/batch equal to 335.79 $/Kg ThO₂.

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2021

This study analyzed the feasibility of custom work service to deal with the imbalance of farm labor supply due to population aging. The economic feasibility analysis is based on the case of Bonghwang-myeon in Naju-si, where the majority of farm work is entrusted to local agricultural cooperative. To assess the project profitability and economic feasibility based on the projected cash flow for the next ten years, Return On Investment (ROI), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of the projects were calculated. The results showed that ROI is estimated at 13.7%, and NPV and IRR are KRW 1,504,932,000 and 15.6%, respectively, with a discount rate of 4.5%, indicating a good enough profitability. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis with government support as part of an assumption showed that without the support, NPV turns negative, implying that the project is not profitable, and that government support for at least 30% of the cost is needed to secure the economic feasibility of a project. Hence, to promote agricultural work entrustment, it is necessary for the government to partly support the agricultural machinery and facility costs, which require a considerable amount of initial investment.