• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.737-743
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• 2016

Coastal hazards such as high waves are expected to increase due to global climate change. Therefore, we investigated new armor unit structures for disaster prevention. Recently, a concrete caisson has been used in many breakwaters against high waves in South Korea, but the demand for concrete armor unit has increased due to the high cost and many installation requirements. Though many new armor units have been developed over the world since Tetrapod in 1950, few have been used due to lack of systematical development. The representative armor units in current use have many advantages, but they cannot be applied to waves higher than 8 m. One of the new armor units developed by the design guide based on recent trend and hydraulic model experiments were conducted. The new armor unit was developed as a single layer due to cost effectiveness. However, the thickness is close to 1.5 times by overlapping the alphabet A and V. It showed higher overtopping compared to a double layer because of the thickness and the high packing density. It has a high interlocking vertically but low horizontally. It shows good stability at 9 m in model testing.

• 대한공업교육학회지
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.137-153
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• 2008

This study has 4 purposes which are as the followings. First, it is to lay out the project based learning method which enables students to improve their creative skills. Second, it explains the appropriate way to apply the project based learning method to real learning situations. Third, it identifies how the students recognize the effectiveness of learning after the learning method has been applied. Finally, it discusses how learners recognized the effectiveness of project based learning method and how it enhanced their creative skills. During this study, research was conducted on students at J Industrial technical high school in a real learning situation. The study included 60 participants from 2 classes selected from 9 classes in third grade at the high school. Data was collected using surveys. Results indicated participants recognized the project based learning method allowed them to solve problems creatively. It enabled them to improve their creative skills and apply them to learning situation. Also, they recognized that this method provided them with varying creative thinking opportunities. The most effective technique to improve their creative skills was the brainstorming(42%), followed by creative problem solving(17%), and then the checklist method(15%). The content creation(32%), topic selection(32%), and project implementation(18%) for presentations best illustrated student originality.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.477-491
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• 2013

In order to live up to public expectations, universities dedicate their best efforts to cultivating all Essential Competencies for outstanding individuals, especially reorganizing and improving their general education curricula and methods of teaching and learning, in light of the fact that a cutting-edge technology in a specific field does not bear a long span in the modern society. Through a Grounded Theory approach, the aim of this research is to study undergraduates' Experience Process of Action Learning designed to foster their Essential Competencies. With broadly selected 15 students from the courses for Essential Competencies, the method of theoretical sampling was employed so as to secure the diversity of the subjects' characteristics and backgrounds. After in-depth interviews, the data from the subjects were analyzed on the basis of Grounded theory approach of Strauss and Corbin. The conclusions of this analysis are as follows; Firstly, a learning coach should play a different role depending on the levels of Action Learning. Secondly, some time for introspection should be taken for the effective operation of Action Learning. Thirdly, learners ought to solve the problems faced during the learning process on their own. Fourthly, the aims of courses for Essential Competencies are also needed to be focused.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.296-302
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• 2016

Purpose: This study examined the effectiveness of a hand massage combined with analgesics on pain control in hospice patients with terminal cancer. Methods: This study is a quasi-experimental study with a single group time series design. The study included 25 terminal cancer patients who were admitted to a hospice ward. Each patient's pain level was measured after analgesics use only (control group). When patients complained of pain again, the pain level was assessed after administering a combination of hand massage and analgesics (experimental group). As for the experimental treatment, the participants were provided with oil hand massage on each hand for 5 minutes. Results: The experimental group and the control group showed no significant differences in the changes of pain score (F=0.74, P=0.3939). Conclusion: Although the pain level of the experimental group did not significantly improve compared with the control group, their pain levels tended to be low to begin with. Thus, a complementary utility value of hand massage cannot be completely excluded in terminal cancer patients. Since the pain level significantly changed according to the dosage of analgesic, nurses need more education and research on analgesic drug therapy for terminal cancer patients.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.79-97
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• 2012

This study examines on the impact of biodiversity in circular greenspace of Cheongju city since 2002 greenbelt release. Research has carried out to investigate the biotope pattern change with landscape fragmentation. Major landscape fragmentation has occurred with development of residential sector and build-up of major highways. Settlement has been expanded to the entire area connected to urban district excluding the eastern forest. North-south district shows high road density, where inter-regional roads meet in the cross-section. It is found that landscape fragmentation impact on species richness as well as population size of the species varies depending on the animal species. The birds show high species richness in N2, N3, N4, S2(north-south zone) even with high fragmentation rate. This can be explained that birds can access to aquatic environment where they can find abundant food resources. The amphibians and the reptiles show almost no zonal variation in species richness than the birds. The more a zone fragmented in small patches, the species richness of the amphibians and the reptiles also tends to be declined. Information accumulation on biodiversity for integrating landscape planning in urban planning, various level of community participation in decision making process, and cross border cooperation with neighbouring Cheongwon-gun will be required for sustainable greenspace management of Cheongju City.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.259-271
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• 2013

This paper addresses the efficient facility placements to adopt a super WiFi network, taking significant considerations as the next generation 'information highway'. Since the super WiFi has a wider geographic coverage by utilizing the white spaces of TV broadcasting which are empty and available frequencies for the wireless communications, it would play an important role in releasing digital divide of the internet access for low populated or mountainous areas. The purpose of this paper is to explore systematic and efficient spatial plans for the super WiFi. For doing this, we applied optimal location covering models to Gurye-gun, Jeonlanamdo. From the application, we presented optimal locations for super WiFi facilities and significant analytical results, such as the tradeoff between the number of facilities and coverage and marginal coverage for establishing super WiFi network. The results of this research would be usefully utilized for decision makers who wish to adopt a super WiFi, to extend wireless networks in a city or build a regional infrastructure of wireless facilities.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.319-325
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• 2009

The solution polymerization was conducted to synthesize pressure sensitive adhesive for polarizer film using acrylic monomers. 2-Ethylhexylacrylate, butylacrylate, acrylic acid were used as acrylic monomers. The ratio was 2-ethylliexylacrylate:butylacrylate:acrylic acid=25:50:3.6 by reflecting $-40^{\circ}C$ of glass transition temperature in the pressure sensitive adhesive. When 1 wt% of coupling agent was added to the polymerized pressure sensitive adhesive, the light transmissivity was significantly increased. This result is due to the enhancement of adhesive power against liquid crystal cell by Si-O bond of coupling agents. Cross-linking agent was added by 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 wt% with respect to the synthesized polymer. Initial tackiness decreased, while cohesion increased with increasing crosslinking agent. In the analysis of contact angle, the increase of crosslinking agents yielded the enhancement of surface energy, resulting in the decrease of contact angle. From the measurement of heat resistance, the acrylic pressure sensitive adhesive showed excellent heat resistance regardless of change in temperature and contents in crosslinking agent. In the observation of a cutting plane, the increased crosslinking agent represented a smoother and cleaner section. Comprehensively, the optimum additive amount of crosslinking agent was determined to be 1.0 wt% to monomer.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.275-287
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• 1994

For the purpose of promotion mental health in the elderly lived small city, a personal interview was conducted for 150 elderlies aged 65 years or more in the Kyungpook Andong city between 29th of August and 9th of September, 1994. The major findings were as follows; 1. The variables related depression were chronic disease, level of physical ability, smoking habits(pack/day) and school education. 2. The variables related cognitive impairment were level of physical ability, age, sex and chronic disease. It was revealed by this study, the female elderlies who had beend not educated and had chronic disease were higher depression or cognitive impairment. so the prospective research with these variables is need.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.181-195
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• 2019

This study aims to analyze the spatial context by analyzing the flow characteristics of the walking tour course and visualizing effectively using the floating population data constructed through the communication data. The floating population data refinement algorithm was developed for estimation flow population along the road and the floating population data for each walking tour courses was constructed. In order to adopt the algorithm for forming suitable for the analysis of the walking tour courses, the estimation of floating population considering the area of the road and the estimation of floating population considering the value of floating population around the road were compared. As a result, the estimation of floating population considering ambient the values of flow population was adopted, which is more appropriate to apply analysis method due to the relatively consistent data. Then, a datamining algorithm for walking tour course was constructed according to the characteristics of the floating population data, the absence of missing values. Finally, this study analyzed the flow characteristics and spatial patterns of 18 walking trails in Seoul through the floating population data according to walking tour course. To do this, the kernel density analysis and the Getis-Ord $G^*_i$ statistical hotspot analysis were applied to visualize the main characteristics of each walking tour course.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.4-25
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• 2017

The Hoeamsa Temple of Yangju City was established at least during the late Korea Dynasty. This temple was rebuilt several times with the support of the royal family from the late Korea Dynasty to the early Joseon Dynasty. It was continually rebuilt in association with JiGong monk, HyeKeun monk, and MuHak monk. Hoeamsa temple was leading the Buddhist culture as a Buddhist center of the Joseon Dynasty . It was destroyed in the late Joseon Period. This site has been excavated several times since 1997. Various roofing tiles were unearthed. Of these tiles the edge of eaves are the artifacts showing the best features of this era. In this temple site has been excavated a variety of Sanskrit roof tiles. These tiles were made using superior technique. On the roof tiles are engraved Sanskrit mantras with a variety of 1 to 9 words. The jeongbeopkkye mantra(oṃ raṃ) and six-word mantra(oṃ ma ṇi pa dme hūṃ) were discovered the most. These mantras were believe to expel several evils from the Buddhist temple. It must have been that the six-word mantra culture became prevalent and provided a turning point in the history of Korean Buddhism. We can clearly know when some of the Sanskrit roof tiles were first manufactured. These roof tiles are the absolute standard of the other Sanskrit roof tiles excavated from different Buddhist temples. The master craftsmen must have been very skilled, understood the mantra very well, and had deep faith in the Sanskrit mantra. Hoeamsa Temple is a milestone in studying the Sanskrit roof tiles. More studies on various aspects are expected to be followed.