• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.23-40
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• 2000

Because the international trading community has witnessed a number of significant technical and commercial changes, documentary credit practices will quite clearly need to be updated to meet both the business and technical demands of the latest commercial and technical developments in international trade. The potential for developing "paperless credit" should, therefore, be examined. TradeCard is a B2B(business-to-business) e-commerce infrastructure that enables buyers and sellers to conduct and settle international trade transactions securely over the Internet and objective of TradeCard is to provide a secure, reliable cost-effective and user-friendly solution for conducting and settling international trade transactions. This paper analyzes the reviews of TradeCard by Electronic Message and the various problems which come to application of TradeCard, with particular attention to existing international frameworks for Payment systems based on Documentary Credit.ry Credit.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.337-343
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• 1998

In Korea, map coordinates has been confused in use since the map projection system has been complicated by using two different methods i.e., Gauss conformal double projection and Gauss-Kruger projection which are com-plicated in using through history. So, we have to understand the two projections' characteristics and differences. In this study, we would find out a fact that the maximum difference occurred in longitude and latitude is about 15cm at the Korean peninsular. This shift is accepted as proper in GIS and cartographic application but should be considered carefully in converting of the geodetic control point coordinates.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.121-126
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• 2003

Steel frame construction is divided into subsidiary materials with column, beam, girder and bracing. After these are processed in factory for using installing in construction field. These prefabricated furniture is very important in accordance with design drawing about processing and prefabricating. In the case of design process using information transmission in blueprint, omission of material number, processing measure and finishing material, or discordance of each structure drawing and selecting incongruent structural material generated an error in the process of design. These error caused delaying tine and increasing cost and increasing safety accident in the steel-structure work operating process. therefore, design process should consider problem of operating process.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.24-49
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• 1985

The purpose of this study is to design a computerized acquisition system in order to eliminate problems of manual system providing that new system will promise to have the library offereing better services. The next aim is to suggest library administrators the rationale of converting their manual system into computerized system and to provide librarians "know how" as well. The computerized acquisition system designed data-files and subsystems basing upon on-line processing mode. The study suggests the results obtained from computerized acquision procedures.

• Journal of Korean Society of Archives and Records Management
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.139-152
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• 2005

Although digitization contributes to the conservation and preservation of cultural heritage resources, detailing the necessary techniques is a lack of standardization in existing digital repositories. The purpose of this paper is to present practical strategies to illustrate technical details of imaging processes and metadata description with examples. This paper also provides important management issues related to digitization management for project managers and practitioners.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.33-42
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• 2021

In construction sites, policies are changing considering the convergence of 3D scanning and BIM. In order to respond to this, it is urgent to develop guidelines for systematic collaboration methods that take into account the perspectives of practitioners. By participating in the delivery process using 3D scanning technology, tasks such as ordering, field scanning are defined in terms of mutual communications. Also, the collaboration process is about communications between off-site and on-site, such as feed-back using data and documents. In the future, we will propose guidelines based on such collaborative process models.

• Journal for History of Mathematics
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2022

This paper presents a statistical machine learning method that generates the implied volatility surface under the rareness of the market data. We apply the practitioner's Black-Scholes model and Gaussian process regression method to construct a Bayesian inference system with observed volatilities as a prior information and estimate the posterior distribution of the unobserved volatilities. The variance instead of the volatility is the target of the estimation, and the radial basis function is applied to the mean and kernel function of the Gaussian process regression. We present two types of Gaussian process regression methods and empirically analyze them.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2016

This study is to help international traders in conducting tax and accounting works as to revenue recognition when a shipment incurs in accordance with Incoterms 2010. It is true that some are well familiar with Incoterms but have lack of accounting and tax application. In respect of tax operation, there are several regulations, such as Income Tax Law, VAT Law, which are applied differently according to sales points. Sales points and revenue recognition are a bit different when sales are made internationally. And this study compares those revenue recognitions by comparison of related Korean laws and Incoterms 2010.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.31-57
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• 2019

This study is to suggest the revitalization plan of military libraries, on the basis of analysis for the military library status and the results of a survey and interview with soldiers and working staff in the military libraries. To this end, first, it analyzes study trends in the operation and revitalization plan of the military libraries based on the preceding research analysis and investigates and analyzes the operation of the military libraries. Second, it identifies problems in the operation of the military libraries by comparing and analyzing between the operation of domestic military libraries and the best cases as well as the operation situation of the overseas military libraries. Third, it suggests the revitalization plan by holistically analyzing the situation and the best cases of the military libraries while finding out the problems through interviews and questionnaires. According to the analysis, first, it is necessary to expand the number of exclusive personnel with librarian qualifications and prepare standards for the placement of librarians. Second, it is necessary to develop online education to provide regular operation education for the personnel of the military libraries. Third, it is necessary to develop common manuals for working staff. Fourth, it is necessary to prepare the plan to expand the preference books of soldiers to increase reading and usage rate of the military libraries. Fifth, it is necessary to construct library space in the form of a book cafe for soldiers' knowledge development and relaxation and to locate the library in a highly accessible place. Lastly, it needs to develop the application of the military library and should lead to high interest in libraries by letting soldiers read books and post book reviews on it after work.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.159-183
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• 2014

This study is to deeply investigate the process experience of making the local organization with the supervisors and the social workers-in-field with the research question, 'how is the project process of community building leaded by community welfare centers'. For this, 6 community welfare centers were selected among 22 ones participated in the public contest of Seoul Welfare Foundation, and 15 line workers including the top supervisors working there were selected as the research participants and interviewed. The interview source materials of research participants were analyzed using the method of consistent comparison of Strauss and Corbin(1996). According to the result of the research, the project process of community building leaded by community welfare centers indicated 4 phases such as 'the step of change of recognition', 'the step of mutual communication', 'the step of cooperation expansion', and 'initiative construction'. With the result of this study, I supposed political and practical tasks for promoting that local residents voluntarily build the community and the change of paradigm that is community welfare centers for local residents. Also, this study will be relevant that the result of this study is offered as base line data for extending theoretical and practical discussion about building community depending on characteristic of community and community welfare centers.