• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.236-246
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• 2008

We consider the Inventory Routing problem(IRP) for the vending machine operating system. An artificial immune system(AIS) is introduced to solve the IRP. The IPR is an rolling wave planning. The previous solution of IRP is one of good initial solution of current IRP. We introduce an Artificial Immune system with memory cell (AISM) which store previous solution in memory cell and use an initial solution for current problem. Experiment results shows that AISM reduced calculations time in relatively less demand uncertainty.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.113-115
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• 2017

A brief analysis of the impact of the UK off Europe paper on both the positive and negative aspects. For example, in the UK after the EU referendum, out of the shackles of the UK's European Union in the short term, away from the impact of refugees. On the contrary, however, it can have a tremendous impact on the UK's foreign trade and financial industry, while the UK's International will be influenced by the West.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.22 no.3 s.105
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• pp.80-89
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• 2007

인간과 사물, 컴퓨터간의 유기적인 관계 및 통신을 위하여 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크기술은 다양한 분야에서 응용 및 기술 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 센서 네트워킹 기술은 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크 시스템에서 가장 기본적인 구성 요소로 핵심 요소 기술에 대한 IPR 확보 및 지능화 기술 개발에 노력하고 있다. 이에 센서 네트워킹 기술의 특징과 기술에 대한 국내외 동향 및 전망에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.22 no.3 s.105
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• pp.90-103
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• 2007

인간과 사물, 컴퓨터간의 유기적인 관계 및 통신을 위하여 유비쿼터스 센서네트워크기술은 다양한 분야에서 응용 및 기술 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 센서노드는 유비쿼터스 센서네트워크 시스템에서 가장 기본적인 구성 요소로 핵심 요소 기술에 대한 IPR확보 및 센서노드의 소형화, 지능화 기술 개발에 노력하고 있다. 이에 센서노드의 구성요소와 센서노드 전송 기술에 대한 기술 동향과 현 상용화 기술과 제품에 대한 국내외동향 및 기술 전망에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.22 no.3 s.105
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• pp.104-109
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• 2007

유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크 기술은 다양한 분야에서의 응용을 목표로 기술 개발이 이루어지고 있다. 노드 미들웨어 기술은 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크 시스템에서 사용자 혹은 상위 응용을 지원하는 핵심 요소 기술로 이에 대한 IPR 확보 및 지능화 기술 개발에 노력하고 있다. 이에 노드 미들웨어 기술의 특징과 기술에 대한 국내외 동향 및 전망에 대하여 살펴보고자 한다.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.111-114
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• 2012

R&D에서 IPR(Intellectual Property Right)의 비중이 점차 늘어가는 시점에서 특허를 이해하고 이용할 수 있는 능력의 배양은 무엇보다 중요하다. 컴퓨터 사이언스 분야에서 차후 유망한 기술 중 하나로 대두되는 클라우드 컴퓨팅(Cloud Computing)에 관한 주요 기술들의 특허 지도를 작성해봄으로서 해당 기술의 현재 특허 상황을 알아보고 향후 대책을 모색한다.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.61
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• pp.29-55
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• 2014

Subject matter of international trade are various. They contain not only tangible assets such as goods but also intangible assets including service, technology, and capital etc. Technology, a creation of the human intellect, is important as it is the main creative power to produce goods. It can be divided into Patent, Trademark, Know-how and so on. These Technologies are protected by the national and international laws on regulations for the Intellectual Property Rights(IPR), since technology development is needed a lot of time and effort, and the owner of the technology may have crucial benefits for creating and delivering better goods and services to users and customers. Therefore, any licensee who wants to use the technology which other person(licensor) owns, he(the licensee) and the original owner(the licensor) shall make Technology Transfer Contract. Differently from the International Sales Contract in which seller provides the proprietary rights of goods for buyer, in the case of International Transfer of Technology Contract, the licensor doesn't provide proprietary rights of technologies with the licensee, on the contrary the right of using is only allowed during the contract. The purpose of this paper is to examine the main issues in International Transfer of Technology Contract. This author focused on the main obligations of both parties, namely licensor's obligation to provide the technology and licensee's obligation to pay the royalty. As every country has different local mandatory laws about Intellectual Property Rights(IPR) and these mandatory rules and laws prevails over the contract, the related rules and laws should be examined carefully by both parties in advance. Especially the rules and laws about the competition limitation in the local country of licensee and the economic union(like the EU) should be checked before contracting. In addition, the contract has much more complicate and delicate aspects than other international business contracts, so both parties should review carefully before singing the contract.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.31 no.7
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• pp.637-652
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• 2022

In this study, the contributions of emissions (foreign and domestic) and atmospheric physical and chemical processes to PM_2.5 concentrations were evaluated during a high PM_2.5 episode (March 24-26, 2018) observed on the Jeju Island in the spring of 2018. These analyses were performed using the community multi-scale air quality (CMAQ) modeling system using the brute-force method and integrated process rate (IPR) analysis, respectively. The contributions of domestic emissions from South Korea (41-45%) to PM_2.5 on the Jeju Island were lower than those (81-89%) of long-range transport (LRT) from China. The substantial contribution of LRT was also confirmed in conjunction with the air mass trajectory analysis, indicating that the frequency of airflow from China (58-62% of all trajectories) was higher than from other regions (28-32%) (e.g., South Korea). These results imply that compared to domestic emissions, emissions from China have a stronger impact than domestic emissions on the high PM_2.5 concentrations in the study area. From the IPR analysis, horizontal transport contributed substantially to PM_2.5 concentrations were dominant in most of the areas of the Jeju Island during the high PM_2.5 episode, while the aerosol process and vertical transport in the southern areas largely contributed to higher PM_2.5 concentrations.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.3172-3193
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• 2022

Cognitive radio-simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (CR-SWIPT) has attracted much interest since it can improve both the spectrum and energy efficiency of wireless networks. This paper focuses on the resource sharing between a point-to-point primary system (PRS) and a multiuser multi-antenna cellular cognitive radio system (CRS) containing a large number of cognitive users (CUs). The resource sharing optimization problem is formulated by jointly scheduling CUs and adjusting the transmit power at the cognitive base station (CBS). The effect of accessing CUs' spatial channel correlation on the possible transmit power of the CBS is investigated. Accordingly, we provide a low-complexity suboptimal approach termed the semi-correlated semi-orthogonal user selection (SC-SOUS) algorithm to enhance the spectrum efficiency. In the proposed algorithm, CUs that are highly correlated to the information decoding primary receiver (IPR) and mutually near orthogonal are selected for simultaneous transmission to reduce the interference to the IPR and increase the sum rate of the CRS. We further develop a spatial correlation-based resource sharing (SC-RS) strategy to improve energy sharing performance. CUs nearly orthogonal to the energy harvesting primary receiver (EPR) are chosen as candidates for user selection. Therefore, the EPR can harvest more energy from the CBS so that the energy utilization of the network can improve. Besides, zero-forcing precoding and power control are adopted to eliminate interference within the CRS and meet the transmit power constraints. Simulation results and analysis show that, compared with the existing CU selection methods, the proposed low-complex strategy can enhance both the achievable sum rate of the CRS and the energy sharing capability of the network.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.943-946
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• 2008

새로운 정보 통신기술은 시스템 기술로부터 각 요소 기술에 이르는 복합 융합적인 기술로 발전하는 추세이며, 이에 따라 미래 유망 기술을 조기에 발굴하여 기술개발과 동시에 성공적인 표준화를 추진하는 것은 매우 어렵다. 따라서 최근 선진 각국은 정보통신 서비스 진화 비전 및 미래 기술 연구를 통하여 미래 정보통신 유망기술을 도출하여, 기술개발과 연계한 표준화 주도하기 위한 기술기획 및 IPR을 반영한 표준화 추진 전략을 수립하고 있다. 본 논문은 유럽 및 일본의 정보통신 미래기술연구동향을 분석하여 향후 우리나라의 정보통신 미래 기술 개발방향을 제시하고, 이를 기반으로 표준화 추진방향을 설정하고자 한다.