• Title/Summary/Keyword: IMPROVER

Search Result 75, Processing Time 0.024 seconds

A study on the development of resistance and pitching improving device for high speed fishing vessel (고속어선의 저항 및 핏칭 개선장치 개발에 관한 연구)

  • 이귀주;오훈택
    • Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
    • /
    • v.11 no.3
    • /
    • pp.89-94
    • /
    • 1997
  • In the design of high speed fishing vessel, its hull form has to be decided from a view point of resistance and propulsion performance without negelction of seakeeping characteristics. In spite of many efforts, the performance improvement by hull form itself has its limitations, specially for high speed craft. In this paper, the development of performance of resistance and seakeeping improving appendage for high speed planing hull on behalft of the hull form of fishing vessel has been introduced. The developed appendage verified its effectiveness in the full scale test.

  • PDF

Region adaptive motion compensated error coding using extension-interpolation/2D-DCT (확장-보간/2D-DCT 기법을 이용한 영역 적응적인 이동보상 오차의 보호화)

  • 조순재;김성대
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
    • /
    • v.22 no.8
    • /
    • pp.1691-1697
    • /
    • 1997
  • This paper presents a new motion compensated error coding method suitable for region based image coding system. Compared with block based conding, the region based coding improves subjective quality as it estimates and compensates 2D (or 3D) translantional, rotational, and scaling motion for each regions. although the region based coding has this advantage, its merit is reduced as bock-DCT (2D-DCT) is used to encode motion-compensated error. To overcome this problem, a new region adaptive motion compensated error coding technique which improver subjective and objective quality in the region boundary is proposed in this paper. In the proposed method, regions with large error are estimated using contour of the regions and contrast between the regions. The regions estiated as those with large error are coded by arbitrarily shaped image segment coding method. The mask information of the coded regions is not transmitted because it is estimated as the same algorithm in the encoder and the decoder. The proposed region adaptive motion conpensated error coding method improves about 0.5dB when it is compared with conventional block based method.

  • PDF

A Study on The Preparation of Poly(alkyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) as Cold Flow Improvers for Biodiesel Fuels (바이오디젤용 저온 유동성 향상제로서의 폴리 (알킬메타크릴레이트-공-무수말레인산) 제조 연구)

  • Hong, Jin-Sook;Chung, Keun-Wo;Kim, Young-Wun;Kim, Nam-Kyun;Im, Dae-Jae
    • Applied Chemistry for Engineering
    • /
    • v.23 no.2
    • /
    • pp.232-240
    • /
    • 2012
  • Bio-diesel (BD) is the mono alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from renewable feed stocks like vegetable oils or animal fats. Bio-diesel shows poorer fuel properties than that of diesel fuel in a cold condition. For the diesel fuel, many cold flow improvers have been developed; however, since primary ingredients of bio-diesel are different from those of the diesel fuel, there is a limit to the cold flow improvement when the same cold flow improvers are added to bio diesel. In this study, to improve low temperature properties of bio-diesel, we developed a cold flow improver using an alkyl methacrylate monomer, prepared via ester reaction, and maleic anhydride and also conducted a ring opening reaction using amine. We characterized the products using $^1H-NMR$, FT-IR and GPC methods. In addition, the cold flow improvements of the products in Soybean BD and Palm BD in the concentration rage of 1000~10000 ppm were investigated. It was found that the addition of LMA2SMA6MA2-C8A in Soybean BD improved the pour point by $12.5\;^{\circ}C$.

A Study on the Oil Film Behaviors of Pin Bush Bearings for Diesel Engines with Various Engine Oil Viscosities (오일점도에 따른 디젤엔진용 핀부시 베어링의 유막거동에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Chung-Kyun;Lee, Byoung-Kwan
    • Tribology and Lubricants
    • /
    • v.24 no.1
    • /
    • pp.21-26
    • /
    • 2008
  • A pin bush bearing is one of the most important element in the piston engine which is joined a piston to a connecting rod. A pin bush is suffered by heat and changeable repeat loads, which are come from the explosive gas heat and pressures during a reciprocating stroke. Therefore, a tribological behavior of pin bush bearings is very severe compared to other parts of a piston assembly. To keep a stable operation of pin bush bearings effectively, it would be satisfied with proper oil film strength for severe operating conditions and durability, which are strongly related to the oil film thickness, oil film pressure, and a friction loss power. The computed results show that the viscosity of engine oils slightly affects to the minimum oil film thickness and oil film pressure distribution, but is an influential parameter on a total friction loss power. Thus the low viscosity engine oils for an increased operation condition should select a high level of base oil and add a viscosity index improver as an oil film additive.

(A) Study on Natural Dyeing of polyester(I) - Ginseng Microcapsules - (폴리에스테르의 천연염색 처리 방법에 관한 연구(I) - 인삼 마이크로캡슐을 중심으로 -)

  • Min, Kyung-Hae
    • The Korean Fashion and Textile Research Journal
    • /
    • v.10 no.4
    • /
    • pp.560-565
    • /
    • 2008
  • Plantae of the natural material has been broadly used on cloth dyeing by it's specific properties such as eco-friendly and innoxious. However dyeing with natural material on synthetic fiber is nearly impossible due to poor affinity between natural material and synthetic fiber. The method which is binding with micro-capsulized natural material to cloth, used in this study, has low change on quality by external influence. Also this method has high ability in spray effect by broken capsule which comes to pressure and friction when the treated cloth was dressed. And this method is applicable widely from natural fiber to synthetic fiber. The purpose of this study is to develop the multi-functional synthetic material with micro-capsulized Ginseng on PET. Moreover, it was driven by comparison of colormetric properties and fastness between regular dip-dyeing method and binding with micro-capsulized material method. Dyeability showed a little bit low exhaustion but the PET treated by micro-capsule was more or less better than the dip dyed PET. Through the SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope) of PET treated by micro-capsule, it has good residence of capsules even after 5 or 10 times washing. Wash and light fastness were revealed some different grades by each condition but showed high level, in most and the micro-capsulized PET was more improver than regular dip dyed PET.

FUEL PROPERTIES AND EMISSIONS CHARACTERISTICS OF ETHANOL-DIESEL BLEND ON SMALL DIESEL ENGINE

  • Xu, B.Y.;Qi, Y.L.;Zhang, W.B.;Cai, S.L.
    • International Journal of Automotive Technology
    • /
    • v.8 no.1
    • /
    • pp.9-18
    • /
    • 2007
  • Phase separation and low cetane number are the main barriers to the large-scale use of ethanol-diesel blend fuel on small diesel engines. In this paper, an additive package is designed on the basis of the blended fuel properties to overcome these limitations. The experiments show that the solubility of ethanol in diesel is evidently increased by adding $1{\sim}2%$ (in volume) of the additive package and the flammability of ethanol-diesel blend fuel with the additive has reached the neat diesel level under the cold start conditions. Effects of the ethanol content in diesel on fuel economy, combustion characteristics, and emission characteristics are also investigated with the ethanol blend ratios of 10%, 20% and 30%. The increase in ethanol content shows that the specific fuel consumption and the brake thermal efficiency are both gradually increased compared to neat diesel. The soot concentrations of the three blended fuels are all greatly lower than that of neat diesel. $NO_x$ emission is increased with an increase in the engine load and is reduced with the increase in the ethanol blend ratio under a high load.

Biogenic Volatile Compounds for Plant Disease Diagnosis and Health Improvement

  • Sharifi, Rouhallah;Ryu, Choong-Min
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
    • /
    • v.34 no.6
    • /
    • pp.459-469
    • /
    • 2018
  • Plants and microorganisms (microbes) use information from chemicals such as volatile compounds to understand their environments. Proficiency in sensing and responding to these infochemicals increases an organism's ecological competence and ability to survive in competitive environments, particularly with regard to plant-pathogen interactions. Plants and microbes acquired the ability to sense and respond to biogenic volatiles during their evolutionary history. However, these signals can only be interpreted by humans through the use of state-of the-art technologies. Newly-developed tools allow microbe-induced plant volatiles to be detected in a rapid, precise, and non-invasive manner to diagnose plant diseases. Beside disease diagnosis, volatile compounds may also be valuable in improving crop productivity in sustainable agriculture. Bacterial volatile compounds (BVCs) have potential for use as a novel plant growth stimulant or as improver of fertilizer efficiency. BVCs can also elicit plant innate immunity against insect pests and microbial pathogens. Research is needed to expand our knowledge of BVCs and to produce BVC-based formulations that can be used practically in the field. Formulation possibilities include encapsulation and sol-gel matrices, which can be used in attract and kill formulations, chemigation, and seed priming. Exploitation of biogenic volatiles will facilitate the development of smart integrated plant management systems for disease control and productivity improvement.

Effect of a Bacterial Laccase on the Quality and Micro-Structure of Whole Wheat Bread

  • Jingjing Wang;Han Bai;Ran Zhang;Guoao Ding;Xuran Cai;Wei Wang;Guilan Zhu;Peng Zhou;Yan Zhang
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.33 no.12
    • /
    • pp.1671-1680
    • /
    • 2023
  • The gluten protein content in whole-wheat flour is low, which affects the elasticity and viscosity of the dough. Enzymatic modification of the protein may result in a network that mimics gluten, which plays an important role in the processing of whole-wheat foods. In this study, the effects of Halomonas alkaliantartica laccase (LacHa) on the quality parameters of whole-wheat bread were investigated. The optimum dosage of LacHa was 4 U/100 g of whole-wheat flour. At this dosage, whole-wheat bread exhibited the best specific volume and optimum texture parameters. Laccase also extended the storage duration of whole-wheat bread. We analyzed the micro-structure of the dough to determine its gluten-free protein extractable rate and free sulfhydryl group content, and verify that LacHa mediates cross-linking of gluten-free proteins. The results demonstrated that the cross-linking of gluten-free protein by LacHa improves the texture of whole-wheat bread. As a flour improver, LacHa has great developmental and application potential in baked-food production.

Investments on Pro-poor Development Projects on Goats: Ensuring Success for Improved Livelihoods

  • Devendra, C.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • v.26 no.1
    • /
    • pp.1-18
    • /
    • 2013
  • The elements that determine the success of development projects on goats and the prerequisites for ensuring this are discussed in the context of the bewildering diversity of goat genetic resources, production systems, multifunctionality, and opportunities for responding to constraints for productivity enhancement. Key determinants for the success of pro-poor projects are the imperatives of realistic project design, resolution of priorities and positive impacts to increase investments and spur agricultural growth, and appropriate policy. Throughout the developing world, there exist 97% of the total world population of 921 million goats across all agroecological zones (AEZs), including 570 breeds and 64% share of the breeds. They occupy a very important biological and socioeconomic niche in farming systems making significant multifunctional contributions especially to food, nutrition and financial security, stability of farm households, and survival of the poor in the rural areas. Definitions are given of successful and failed projects. The analyses highlighted in successful projects the value of strong participatory efforts with farmers and climate change. Climate change effects on goats are inevitable and are mediated through heat stress, type of AEZ, water availability, quantity and quality of the available feed resources and type of production system. Within the prevailing production systems, improved integrated tree crops - ruminant systems are underestimated and are an important pathway to enhance C sequestration. Key development strategies and opportunities for research and development (R and D) are enormous, and include inter alia defining a policy framework, resolution of priority constraints using systems perspectives and community-based participatory activities, application of yield-enhancing technologies, intensification, scaling up, and impacts. The priority for development concerns the rainfed areas with large concentrations of ruminants in which goats, with a capacity to cope with heat tolerance, can be the entry point for development. Networks and networking are very important for the diffusion of information and can add value to R and D. Well formulated projects with clear priority setting and participatory R and D ensure success and the realisation of food security, improved livelihoods and self-reliance in the future.

Effect of Wheat Flour with Bifidobacterium infantis and Streptococcus thermophilus on Rheological Properties of Wheat Flour Dough (Bifidobacterium infantis 및 Streptococcus thermophilus가 밀가루 반죽의 물성적 성질에 미치는 영향)

  • 홍정훈;김경자;방극승
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
    • /
    • v.16 no.1
    • /
    • pp.22-26
    • /
    • 2000
  • In order to economically utilize dough with B. infantis and S. thermophilus as a bread improver, WHC, swelling power, solubility, farinograph, extensograph and amylograph of dough were investigated. Swelling power and solubility were less than medium flour and weak flour. WHC was higher than those. On rheological properties of dough, farinograms of dough showed progressively increasing water absorption, peak time only increased with addition of S. thermophilus. Extensograms showed that area increased S. thermophilus and B. infantis at 135 min. Extensibility and resistance to exntension of dough were higher in S. thermophilus than those in B. infantis. On amylograms, maximum viscosity of dough increased by addition of B. infantis and S. thermophilus.

  • PDF