• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.14
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• pp.291-321
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• 2000

This study investigates the different pattern of trade negotiation between Korea and Japan. For the Korea, it is inevitable to enhance nation's competitiveness position amid the rapidly changed international environment. Especially, Korea's recent experience of IMF credit under economic crisis during 1997-1999 tells us the importance of international trade and trade negotiation. Our main interest is focused on the comparative pattern of both countries with the recognition that the role of the negotiation can not be overemphasized for the Korea. This is because Korea has continuously recorded the huge trade deficits with Japan for the long time. Although we consider the different degrees of products quality, industrial structure, productivity, and national competitiveness of both countries, it is necessarily required to pay special attention on different pattern of negotiation skills and tactics between two countries. In the paper, we suggest some important guidelines for Korea to improve its negotiation technique with Japan. First, valuing human relation between negotiators, rather than negotiating process. Second, preparing for negotiations: the negotiators should try to carve out enough time to prepare for the bargaining. Third, appreciating the power of patience: very essential to effective outputs. Fourth, being a specialist on both countries' culture and avoiding lawyers' intervention for conflict resolution.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.261-280
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• 2001

From the IMF(International Monetary fund) crisis, the management conditions of the trading company which run business in world market, has rapidly changed. In particular, the trading conglomerate's competitive power have declined. This study, addressing such changes, intend to analyze what factors are that have generated this changes in trading conglomerate's environment. The study specifically takes it into account that the differences between Korea trading company and Japan's. This research was confirmed by data and field survey in two country. The results of research are summarized as follow. The Korean trading company are inferior to the Japanese trading company in total volume(Korea: 24.1, Japan 100), the benefit volume(Korea: 8.7, Japan 100), the stability of turnover(Korea: 36.6, Japan 100), the network power in foreign country(Korea: 19.2, Japan 100), the power of e-business(Korea: 17.0, Japan 100). But the debt ratio of Korea company is significantly lower than that of Japan's(Korea: 160.4%, Japan 940.5%). In conclusion, providing that the Korean trading company want to be a world-class champion in trading field, they have to introduce the new management strategies which means the high-profit base trading, the long term investment and the internet business.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.192-206
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• 2008

With many changes such as the increase in telemarketing, internet marketing and enforcement of bancassurance, the Korean life insurance companies have undergone a startling transformation. The purpose of this paper is to measure and analyse the static/dynamic efficiency of Korean life insurance companies employing Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). As the result of the static efficiency analysis, we provide CCR, BCC and scale efficiency, return to scale, and reference set of Korean life insurance companies in 2004. And we also describe about the trend and stability of their efficiency for 7 years(1998-2004) in the dynamic efficiency analysis.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 1998.11a
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• pp.273-277
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a large representative data base for jeans marketing strategy. This study was to survey brand awareness and analyze brand image and consumer's seeking image. The 700 questionnaires were distributed and 656 reliable ones were used for statistical analysis. A SAS statistical package including frequency table, factor analysis, analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test, Peason's correlation test was used. The results are as follows: 1. Brand awareness involves "brand recall" based on asking a person to name recalled first, and "brand recognition" based on asking to identify brand name from 30 given brands. The result indicated that "Levi" was dominant for brand recall and Guess was dominant for brand recognition. 2. Regarding the brand image, the result showed that "Vov" was best represented for sophisticated 8t trendy brand images, "Storm" for sophisticated brand image, "Jambangee" for reasonable price & comfortable brand images, and "Levis" for classic & design/color brand images. 3. As a result of factor analysis on consumer's seeking image, six factors(characteristic/gay, intelligent/sexy, feminine/sophisticated, active/functional, cute/young, simple/comfortable) were found. Several factors had a relationship with demographic variables, preferred design, fashion interest.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.739-743
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• 2005

Subcondylar fractures have generally been treated by intermaxillary fixation except in cases where there is an absolute indication for open reduction. The reason behind a less aggressive surgical approach lies on the inherent difficulties in manipulating fragments in such a small area at the risk of damaging facial nerves or vessels such as the internal maxillary artery. However, long-term follow-up studies showed that conservative treatment of subcondylar fractures results in disturbances of occlusal function, deviation of the mandible, internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint, and ankylosis of the joint. We carried out open reduction of dislocated subcondylar fractures in 14 patients from 2000 to 2004 by a retromandibular approach. After the reduction of fractured bone, two H-shaped miniplates with 6 holes were fixed with screws at the anterior and posterior surfaces of the subcondyle. The retromandibular approach allowed good access and easy manipulation of the subcondyle. Immediate relief from malocclusion and correction of mandibular midline shifting were observed in all patients. Late temporomandibular dysfunction and ankylosis were not observed. Open reduction with plate osteosynthesis made it possible to avoid IMF in 7 of the 14 patients. The present study shows that open reduction through this retromandibular approach can produce good outcome in adult patients with subcondylar fracture.

• Proceedings of the KOR-KST Conference
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• 1998.10b
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• pp.452-452
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• 1998

1. 세계 항공시장의 동향 ○ 항공운송산업의 규제완화 및 항공자유화 추세의 확산 -78년 미국의 규제완화 이후 유럽, 대양주, 아시아 등으로 파급 ○ 미국의 항공자유의 정책(Open skies Policy)은 EU의 역대 완전자유화와 함께 세계항공시장의 자유화 촉진 ○ 항공사간 전략적 제휴의 확산 -British Connection, Star Alliance, Southern Comfort, Dutch Treat 등 4대 범세계적 제휴가 결성 또는 추진 중. 2. 우리나라 항공운송산업의 현황 ○ 세계 10위권 항공운송국가로 성장 -화물 세계5위, 여객 11위(97 ICAO통계) -김포공항은 97년 중 36.5백만명 처리로 세계9위 차지 ○ IMF체계의 영향과 경영수지 변화 추이 -98년 내국인 출국자는 감소하였으나, 외국인 관광객은 증가(10.8%) * 98. 1∼8전년대비 수송수요 국제선 17%, 국내선 26% 감소 -97년 양 항공사 적자규모 약 4,000억원으로 대폭 증가, 98상반기 회복추세. 3. 21세기 국제항공정책 방향 ○ 적극적인 항공시장 개방정책 추진과 역내 주요도시간 셔틀화 ○ 세계 주요 항공사와의 전략적 제휴를 지원하여 세계항공시장에서의 경쟁력 제고 * KAL-이, AAR-AA -인천국제공항의 HUB화 추진(민간 경영기법 도입, 항공개방정책 등) ○ 항공사가 최적의 노선망과 경제성을 갖도록 하는 적정 성장방안 강구 ○ 선진국 수준의 획기적 항공안정 체계 확립

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.206-206
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• 2002

The bioequivalence of two 4 mg triamcinolone tablets (Dong-Kwang $\textrm{Tramcinolone}^{(R)}$ vs. Wyeth Korea $\textrm{Ledercoat}^{(R)}$) was assesed in healthy male Korean volunteers after oral administration of 16 mh triamcinolone in a randomized crossover study. Blood samples were collected at specified time intervals, and plasma was analyzed for triamcinolone using a validated HPLC method. The pharmacokinetic parameters of $T_{max}$, $C_{max}$, $AUC_{0{\longrightarrow}last}$. $AUC_{0{\longrightarrow}imf}$, and $T_{1/2,\beta}$ were determined from plasma concentration-time profile of two formulations. The pharmacokinetic parameters were statistically compared to evaluate bioequivalence between two formulations, according to the United State or Korea Food and Drug Administration Guidelines. The analysis of variance did not show any signigicant difference between the two formulations and 90% confidence limits fell within the acceptable range (80-120%) for bioequivalence. Based on these data it was concluded that the two products showed comparable pharmacokinetic profiles and that the Dong-Kwang $\textrm{Tramcinolone}^{(R)}$ tablet is bioequivalent to the $\textrm{Ledercoat}^{(R)}$ tablet produced by Wyeth Korea.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.84-89
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to compare carcass composition and meat quality traits in the longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscles in the Hyla, Champagne and Tianfu Black rabbit breeds. Tianfu Black rabbits had the heaviest head, skin, thoracic viscera and commercial carcass percentage (p<0.05). In addition, Tianfu Black had the highest pH_{0 h} value, followed by the Champagne and Hyla breeds (p<0.01) in the longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscles. Tianfu Black had a higher a* (0 h and 24 h) than the other two breeds in both longissimus dorsi and biceps femoris muscles (p<0.05). The Hyla, Champagne, and Tianfu Black breeds showed a similar pattern of differences for meat quality traits (pH, L*, a* and b*) measured in fresh meat (0 h) and meat stored for 24 h. Hyla had the highest IMF values of the three breeds (p<0.01). The lower intramuscular fat of Tianfu Black and Champagne rabbits gives them an advantage over Hyla rabbits among most consumers seeking lean rabbit meat.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.525-530
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• 2001

Nowadays knowledge is begging to supplant the traditional factors of production and has become the most important new corporate and competitive resource. Many construction firms have been trying to perform Knowledge management, and implement Knowledge Management System. For successful KMS, a company should check the exiting infrastructures which includes resources and knowledge which an organization already may have in place, their culture, and processes and adopt the proper approach according to their own business requirement. This study defined the knowledge life-cycle and proposed management knowledge method of construction field with KMS.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.5 no.2 s.15
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• pp.73-80
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• 2002

운영 자료의 조사$\cdot$분석을 위해 수도권 광역상수도의 취수장, 가압장 및 정수장들을 발문하여 각 펌프장에서 관리하고 있는 운전일보, 기기이력카드 등과 한국수자원공사에서 발간하는 월보 및 년보와 각 단계별 실시설계 보고서 및 준공도소를 수집하여 통계 처리한 결과를 요약하여 보면 다음과 같다. 각 단계별 수도권 광역상수도의 취수량 및 송수량은 운영을 시작한 초기부터 1990년까지 증가하다가 점점 수량이 감소하는 추세이다. 팔당 1 취수펌프장은 계획 취수량의 $95.5\%$, 2 취수펌프장은 $89.8\%$를 공급한 후 계속 감소되었고 설계 시 $100\%$의 용수량을 만족시키지 못하고 있다. 이러한 현상은 최근 IMF로 인하여 건설경기 둔화와 용수 수요량이 감소하였을뿐만 아니라 지방자치단체별로 취수펌프장을 독자적으로 건설하여 수요량 감소가 심화되었기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 각 단계별 광역상수도 중 펌프의 운전토출압력과 운전흡입압력으로 부터 전양정을 계산하여 보면 설계된정격양정보다 낮은 수치인 저양정$\cdot$대유량으로 운전되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 운전은 캐비테이션을 발생시키고 이로 인하여 임펠러에 침식이나 균열이 발생하여 10년에 한번씩은 임페러를 교체한 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 펌프의 교체 주기는 $15\~20$년인 것으로 조사되었다.