• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1996.10b
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• pp.880-883
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• 1996

This paper suggests a speed control algorithm for the ICC(Intelligent Cruise Controller) system. The speed controller is designed using the fuzzy controller which shows the good performance in nonlinear system having the complex mathematical model. The fuzzy controller was equipped with the capability of a self-learning in real time in order to maintain the good performance of the speed controller in a time-varying environment the self-learning properties and the performance of the fuzzy controller are showed via computer simulation. The suggested fuzzy controller will be applied to the PRV-III which is our test vehicle.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.103-111
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• 2003

The Denavit-Hartenberg symbolic notation provides the framework for the convenient and systematic method for the robot manipulator kinematics, but is limited its use to the lower pair mechanism or to the single loop mechanisms. The Sheth-Uicker notation is its revised and generalized version to be extended fur the entire domain of the link mechanism including the higher pairs. This paper proposes the method that uses the Sheth-Uicker notation fur the robot kinematics modeling. It uses the instantly coincident coordinate system and the closed loop chain fur the coordinate transformation. It enables us to model the velocity kinematics of the robot that has the complex structures such as the ternary links and the wheels in a systematic and rational way. As an implementation of the proposed method, the Jacobian matrices were obtained for not only the robot with two legs and a torso, but a manipulator on a mobile platform.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.3-22
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• 2006

이 논문은 지난 10월 26일 및 27일 양일간에 걸쳐 서울의 Grand Intercontinental Hotel에서 개최된 국제중재학술대회 ICC/KCAB/KOCIA Conference에서 발표된 것으로 외국 변호사들의 이해를 돕기 위해 우리나라 중재법의 주요 내용을 설명하되, 특히 뉴욕협약과 국제상사중재에 관한 유엔모범법과 차이가 있는 부분을 주로 설명하였다. 이 논문은 우리나라 중재법이 규율하는 분야 중에서 그 적용범위, 중재적격, 통지의 서면성, 중재합의의 형식, 중간구제조치의 집행, 중재의 준거법 및 중재인의 선정 등에 관하여 설명하였다. 또한 이 논문은 우리나라가 일본, 중국 및 우리나라를 포함하는 동북아무역과 관련한 분쟁에서 중재의 중심지가 되어야 할 것을 역설하고, 이를 위해서 우리나라 유일의 중재기관인 대한상사중재원이 중재인 및 사무국 분야에서 개선이 필요함을 주장하였다.

• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.27-50
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• 2016

International arbitration as a dispute resolution mechanism in Asia is growing in popularity. Singapore has long been acknowledged as a regional arbitration center but Korea is now facing an increased demand as an arbitration center as well. As Singapore competes with Hong Kong and other international arbitration centers, and as Korea tries to become an alternative to Singapore, both Singapore and Korea have updated their arbitral laws and arbitration rules to reflect the current international arbitration trends. This paper examines the recent changes in the arbitration laws of Singapore and Korea, with an emphasis on recent changes in Korean arbitration laws that are designed to increase Korea's popularity as a regional arbitration center. Though Korea's reputation as an arbitration center is increasing, it is still not viewed as a major arbitration service provider. It is against this backdrop that Korea's international arbitration laws and rules will be viewed, with suggested changes to increase Korea's reputation as not only a regional hub but a center of international arbitration.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.2017-2025
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• 2021

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and clinical efficacy of a hybrid Greulich-Pyle (GP) and modified Tanner-Whitehouse (TW) artificial intelligence (AI) model for bone age assessment. Materials and Methods: A deep learning-based model was trained on an open dataset of multiple ethnicities. A total of 102 hand radiographs (51 male and 51 female; mean age ± standard deviation = 10.95 ± 2.37 years) from a single institution were selected for external validation. Three human experts performed bone age assessments based on the GP atlas to develop a reference standard. Two study radiologists performed bone age assessments with and without AI model assistance in two separate sessions, for which the reading time was recorded. The performance of the AI software was assessed by comparing the mean absolute difference between the AI-calculated bone age and the reference standard. The reading time was compared between reading with and without AI using a paired t test. Furthermore, the reliability between the two study radiologists' bone age assessments was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and the results were compared between reading with and without AI. Results: The bone ages assessed by the experts and the AI model were not significantly different (11.39 ± 2.74 years and 11.35 ± 2.76 years, respectively, p = 0.31). The mean absolute difference was 0.39 years (95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.45 years) between the automated AI assessment and the reference standard. The mean reading time of the two study radiologists was reduced from 54.29 to 35.37 seconds with AI model assistance (p < 0.001). The ICC of the two study radiologists slightly increased with AI model assistance (from 0.945 to 0.990). Conclusion: The proposed AI model was accurate for assessing bone age. Furthermore, this model appeared to enhance the clinical efficacy by reducing the reading time and improving the inter-observer reliability.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2008

The objective of sewer rehabilitation is to improve its function while eliminating inflow/infiltration (I/I) and insufficient carrying capacity (ICC). Such rehabilitation efforts, however, have not been particularly successful due to a lack of sewer data and unsystematic field practices. The present study aimed to solve these problems by developing a decision making model consisting of two models: the rehabilitation weighting model (RWM) and the rehabilitation priority model (RPM). In RWM, the I/I of each pipe in a drainage district is estimated according to various defects, with each defect given an individual weighting factor using an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). RPM determines the optimal rehabilitation priority (ORP) using a genetic algorithm (GA). The developed models can be used to overcome the problems associated with unsystematic practices and, in practice, as a decision making tool for urban sewer system rehabilitation.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.251-272
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• 2010

Resource Description and Access(RDA) was published in 2008, reflecting IFLA IME ICC's International Cataloguing Principles(ICP), conceptual model for cataloging of Functional Requirement for Bibliographic Records(FRBR), and conceptual model for authority data of Functional Requirement for Authority Data(FRAD). Therefore, new tags and fields have been added to MARC21 format, and researches about the prototype have been studied to implement FRBR as envisioned by the new RDA standard. According to the innovative international cataloging environments, KCR and KORMARC must be revised to accommodate RDA description. This study was to grasp occurrence rate of work and expression element of FRBR and RDA among MARC field of Hansung University library and to analyze limitation of MARC data for RDA. Based on this limitations, cataloging rules and tags and fields of KORMARC were suggested to accommodate RDA in national cataloging environment. This study reviewed cataloging rules such like representation, main entry and rule of three, preferred title, types of content, media and carrier. This study is to suggest the consideration of KCR and KORMARC for RDA in Korea.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.15-39
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• 2016

Over the past couple of decades, we can see the emergence of a new lex mercatoria. It consists of international conventions or treaty, model laws and international principles. And such new lex mercatoria is driven by the international institutions such as UNCITRAL, UNIDROIT and ICC. The international convention and international principles in the field of international commercial transaction are considered : UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods(CISG) and The UNIDROIT Principles(PICC Principles). The former is the statue law for the latter, and the latter sometimes supports the former as an interpretation and supplementation of CISG. So, the purpose of this article is to evaluate and investigate the current status of CISG and PICC Principles in terms of application and interpretation principles. The results are as follows. First, PICC are used for the interpretation and supplementation of international law such as CISG, but CISG is a law, not a rule. Second, CISG and PICC Principles are not often chosen when parties chose the law governing their contract. The parties very often chose a national law ; the number of the parties choosing CISG and PICC Principles as a governing law was very low.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.673-678
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and accuracy of linear measurements in digital models compared to master model. A master model (ANKA-4; Frasaco GmbH, Tettnang, Germany) with the prepared upper full arch tooth was used. Four linear measurements were recorded between landmarks, directly on the master model and the digital models by a single examiner. Measurements were made with a digital caliper from manual model and with the software from the virtual models. The t-test for paired samples and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used for statistical analysis. The measurement of two methods showed good reliability. The mean differences between master and digital model were 0.06~0.12 mm. These in vitro studies show that accuracy and reliability of the digital impression is similar to that of the gold standard. Therefore digital impression was also considered to be a acceptable for placement clinically.

• THE INTERNATIONAL COMMERCE & LAW REVIEW
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• v.17
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• pp.71-91
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• 2002

The purpose of this paper is to examine the viewpoints of the different legal systems for the validity of LD Clause and the possibility of gap-filling function of UNIDROIT Principles in International Sales Contract. The results of comparative study between common law system and civil law system, and between CISG and UNCDROIT Principles is as follows: First, common law system distinguishes LD Clause and Penalty Clause, but civil law system including Korean law does not strictly distinguish the difference between them, provided that the liquidated damages are not grossly excessive. Second, CISG does not concerned with the validity of LD Clause but entrust this matter to the law applicable by virtue of the rules of private international law; conversely the Principles follow similar position of civil law system. The possibility of gap-filling of the Principles is more positive in the case of arbitration than in the case of litigation. On the basis of above study, I also checked the LD Clauses of ICC Model International Sales and the Model Contracts of Korean Commercial Arbitration Board. The LD Clauses of there two Model Contract seem very appropriate and reasonable for the reference in practical application. The appropriate, not excessive, LD Clause will contribute not only to eliminate the burden of proof for the actual damages, but also to enforce both parties to perform their obligations in their contracts. Therefore, When we make contract, we should keep in our mind to insert the reasonable and appropriate LD Clause in the sales contract. If not, so to speak, litigated damages are grossly excessive, the Clause may be invalid in some legal system.