• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to assess the intra-tester and inter-tester reliability and validity of elbow flexion range of motion using a smart phone used by the general public. Thirty-one general people participated in this study. The range of motion in active elbow flexion was measured with a goniometer and smart phone over two times by two observers. The intra-taster and inter-tester reliability were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC). The validity was measured by Pearson's correlation coefficient. The intra-observer reliability was good in all measured items ICC>0.900. The inter-observer reliability was high with ICC>0.806. All correlation coefficients of android app and goniometer were greater than 0.868 and showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.01). The range of motion measurement with a smart phone showed acceptable reliability. Therefore, using a smartphone to measure the range of motion of the elbow joint could provide convenience and economic benefits.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.196-201
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• 2022

Objective: This prospective consecutive study investigated the variation in sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) in multiple semen samples from patients with cancer. Methods: Eighty-one patients with various cancers underwent multiple semen collections on 3 consecutive days for sperm cryopreservation prior to cancer treatment. A commercial Halosperm kit was used to measure SDF. Within- and between-subject coefficients of variation were estimated via random-effects analysis of variance to assess the consistency of semen parameters and SDF. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess the magnitude of the between-subject component of variance relative to the total variance. Results: The volume of semen in the day-2 and day-3 samples was significantly lower compared with the day-1 sample. Most parameters showed high ICC values, suggesting that within-subject fluctuations were small relative to the between-subject variability. The highest ICC values were identified for the SDF (ICC, 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.84) and semen volume (ICC, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.45-0.84). Conclusion: Our findings showed that repeated ejaculates from patients with cancer had stable SDF levels.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2015

PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to assess the intra-tester and inter-tester reliability and validity of hip range of motion using a smart phone in hip operative patients. METHODS: Twenty-five patients (eight total hip arthroplasty and seventeen femur neck fracture) participated in this study. The range of motions in active and passive hip flexion, abduction and external rotation were measured with a goniometer and smart phone over two times by two observers. The intra-tester and inter-tester reliability were evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1). The validity was measured by Pearson's correlation coefficient RESULTS: The intra-observer reliability was good in all measured items (ICC>0.78). The inter-observer reliability was high with ICC (>0.90). All correlation coefficients of smart phone and goniometer was greater than 0.85 and showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The range of motion measurement with a smart phone showed acceptable reliability. Therefore, it could be convenient and have economical benefits to measure the range of motion of the hip joint using a smart phone.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.174-179
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• 2013

Purpose: Visual gait analysis plays a pivotal role in determining the important gait problem of patients. A few studies have been published and have received little attention regarding visual gait analysis on patients with orthopedic problems. The purposes of this study were to investigate the difference of reliability levels according to experience of clinical physical therapists. Methods: Thirty-five clinical physical therapists, 5 high experienced, 15 experienced, and 15 inexperienced, were recruited and individually evaluated these videotaped gait patterns of the participants, and filled up the structured gait analysis form. The gait of nine participants was videotaped. Reliability levels were calculated by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Results: The inter-rater reliability of high experienced group (ICC=0.56; 95% CI: 0.50-0.62) was comparable to that of the experienced raters (ICC=0.48; 95% CI: 0.43-0.53) and inexperienced group (ICC=0.42; 95% CI: 0.38-0.46). High experienced group reached a higher inter-rater reliability level. The average intra-rater reliability of the high experienced group was 0.70 (ICCs ranging from 0.54 to 0.82). The experienced group reached an average intra-rater reliability of 0.61 (ICCs ranging from 0.47 to 0.81). The inexperienced group attained average ICC values of 0.53 (ICCs ranging from 0.30 to 0.74). Conclusion: Use of a structured gait analysis form as described in this study was found to be moderately reliable. Clinical experience appears to increase the reliability of visual gait analysis.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.179-188
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a valid Adult Fall Assessment Scale Korean version (FAS-K) for inpatients in general hospitals in Korea. Methods: This a 14 item FAS-K was developed based on a review of national and international research and expert opinions in related field. Interrater reliability of FAS-K was analyzed using the ICC (Intraclass Correlation Coefficients). To examine the validity of FAS-K, a CVI (Content Validity Index), the Pearson correlation coefficients between FAS-K and two widely used scales, the Morse Fall Scale (MFS) and the Johns Hopkins Hospital Fall Risk Assessment Tool (JHFRAT), and the Mann-Whitney test were used. Results: The ICC was .958. The CVI ranged from .70 to 1.00. The FAS-K was significantly associated with the MFS (r=.74, p<.001) and with the JHFRAT (r=.87, p<.001), verifying the concurrent validity of FAS-K. As for the construct validity of FAS-K, significant differences between the fall and non-fall groups were found not only in the MFS (Z=-3.23, p=.001) but also in the FAS-K (Z=-3.10, p=.002). Conclusion: The findings indicate that the FAS-K is a reliable fall risk assessment tool with high validity.

• 대한감각통합치료학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

목적 : 본 연구의 목적은 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동을 대상으로 놀이의 질적수준을 평가하는 놀이다움 평정척도(Test of Playfulness: ToP)의 신뢰도를 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 연구대상은 G시에 거주하는 초등학교 2학년~3학년의 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동 20명이다. 놀이다움 평정척도의 신뢰도를 알아보기 위하여 측정자간 일치율과 Kappa계수로 제시하였고, 측정자간 신뢰도 분석은 급간내 상관계수(Intraclass Correlation Coefficient: ICC)를 사용하여 제시하였다. 결과 : 놀이다움 평정척도의 각 항목간 측정자간 일치율은 75~95%이었다. 각 항목의 Kappa계수의 범위는 .45~1.00이었다. 각 요소에 대한 측정자간 신뢰도를 급간내 상관계수로 분석한 결과 내적동기는 .96, 통제지각은 .98, 현실감 부재는 .90, 참조체계는 .98, 총점은 .99로 매우 높은 신뢰도를 보였다. 결론 : 연구결과를 통하여 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 놀이다움 평정척도의 측정자간 신뢰도는 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이를 근거로 하여 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 임상적인 평가의 유용성을 제공하고, 주의력결핍 과잉행동장애 아동의 놀이연구에 대한 기초자료를 제공하고자 한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of goniometer measurements of the hallux valgus angle (HVA) compared to radiographic measurements, which are the current standard. Twenty subjects (10 female, 10 male) were recruited for this study (40 feet). The HVA of the subjects was measured using goniometer and radiographic measurement. In three trials, measurements were taken of each subject by two examiners using goniometer and radiographic measurements using radiography in a standing position. The reliability of the measurements was investigated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)), and the validity was tested using the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and an independent t-test. The intra-rater reliability of left and right HVAs were poor (ICC=.409 and .341, respectively). The inter-rater reliability of left and right HVAs were poor and moderate (ICC=.303 and .501, respectively). Left and right HVAs measured using goniometer and radiographic measurements were also poor and moderate (Pearson r=.246 and .544, respectively). These results suggest that goniometer measurements of the HVA are inaccurate and have unacceptable validity compared to radiographic measurements.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.74-80
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of distance measurements from the medial border of the scapula to the spinous process of the thoracic vertebrae when obtained using tape and photography measurements. The study included 20 healthy subjects (10 males, 10 females); for a total of 40 scapula measurements. The distance measurements made using tape or photography methods were conducted with the subject in a standing position. Repeated tape and photography measurements were conducted in two sessions on different days by two examiners to assess the inter-rater and intra-rater reliability of the two methods. The reliability of scapular distance measured using tape and photography methods was tested using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC(3,1)) and the standard error of measurement (SEM). The inter-rater reliability of the tape measurement method was excellent (ICC=.77) and the intra-rater reliability was fair to good (ICC=.74). The inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities of the photography measurement method were excellent (ICC=.76 and .76 respectively). Our results suggest that photography measurement is an objective and qualitative measurement tool for scapular distance measurements.

• 대한구강악안면임플란트학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.210-218
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reproducibility of a method based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) technology for the visualization and measurement of gingival soft-tissue dimensions. Material and Methods: A total of 66 selected points in soft-tissue of the ex vivo head of an adult pig were investigated in this study. For the measurement of radiographic thickness (RT), wet soft-tissue surfaces were lightly covered with barium sulfate powder using a powder spray. CBCT was taken and DICOM files were assessed for soft-tissue thickness measurement at reference points. A periodontal probe and a rubber stop were used for the measurement of trans-gingival probing thickness (TPT). After flap elevation, actual thickness of soft-tissue (actual thickness, AT) was measured. Correlation analysis and intraclass correlation coefficients analysis (ICC) were performed for AT, TPT, and RT. Results: All variables were distributed normally. Strong significant correlations of AT with RT and TPT values were found. The two ICC values between TPT vs. AT and RT vs. AT differed significantly. Conclusion: Our results indicated that correlation of RT was stronger than that of TPT with AT. We concluded that soft tissue measurement with CBCT could be a reliable method, compared to the trans-gingival probing measurement method.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability analysis of the deep tendon reflex by using electromyography (EMG). Methods : The study was tested on 30 volunteers who are women in their 20s. Using an electronic reflective hammer of EMG, deep tendon reflex was measured on all subjects with the participation of three trained physical therapists as raters. First, the subjects were comfortably seated on a table with their knees bent at 90 °. The three raters tapped the electric hammer at intervals of 10 seconds to avoid habituation until a total of 10 compound muscle action potential records were collected. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to assess the inter-rater reliability of the deep tendon reflex with the use of EMG. The items of analysis included amplitude (mV), latency (ms), duration (ms), and area (mV × ms) of the compound evoked potentials. Results : Based on the average records of 10 compound muscle action potential, excellent reliability (ICC: .912) was achieved in terms of area, and there was good reliability in terms of latency (ICC: .795) and duration (ICC: .800). In the shortest latency of the compound muscle action potential, good reliability was achieved in terms of amplitude (ICC: .865), duration (ICC: .781), and area (ICC: .832). In the amplitude of peak-to-peak of compound muscle action potential, excellent reliability was recorded in terms of amplitude (ICC: .924), and good reliability was recorded in terms of duration (ICC: .801) and area (ICC: .874). Conclusion : The findings in this study indicate that electromyography via an electric hammer is a reliable method of assessing and measuring deep tendon reflexes. Especially, it may be an excellent gauge in the area of average values of the compound muscle action potentials and the amplitude of peak-to-peak of compound muscle action potentials.