• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.263-269
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• 2019

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) is an acute respiratory disease, causing economic losses in poultry production. IBV commonly manifests respiratory disease symptoms and poor egg quality in poultry, affecting overall performance of both broilers and layers. IBV infection further predisposes poultry to secondary opportunistic bacterial infections. IBV undergoes rapid genetic evolution resulting in various new strains. There is no cross protection among IBV serotypes which makes full protection against wild-type IBV virtually impossible. In this study, recently isolated IBVs (K24/18, K29/18, K183/18) from Korean broiler farms were genetically analyzed based on S1 gene. According to the results, IBV isolates showed highest homology with QX-IBV. However, phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that isolates were divided into distinct sub-clusters within QX-IBV. To determine pathogenicity of IBV, day-old chicks were challenged with IBV through ocular route. After challenging the chicks, we executed microscopic examination, virus detection in their organs, and observation of clinical signs and mortality. We found that the K24/18, K29/18, K183/18 challenge groups showed 28%, 57%, and 42% mortality, respectively, with high microscopic trachea lesion scores, indicating that these QX-IBV-like strains are pathogenic to chicks and can therefore be a threat to poultry production.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.13-16
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• 1992

Avian infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) was propagated in SPF eggs and purified by sucrose density gradient centrifugation in order to prepare the antigen. Several fusions were made between mouse myeloma cells and spleen cells from BALB/c mouse immunized with IBV antigen and two hybridoma clones producing specific monoclonal antibody(MCA) against the IBV were established. The MCAs were classified as IgG type and revealed no neutralizing and hemagglutination inhibition activity. Using the MCA IBV antigen was detected by IFA method in tracheal smears made from chickens infected with IBV during the experimental period of 10 days.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.59-65
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• 2001

To clarify for the presence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Korea before 1986, in which the virus was first isolated, materials collected from chicken diagnostic consignments between 1980 and 1985 and propagated in chicken embryos or cell cultures were screened by the reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeted to the nucleocapsid gene of the virus. Among 11 samples examined, one sample (IBV-SNU80108) submitted in 1980 showed specific PCR product (281 bp). When the amplified product was sequenced, together with IBV vaccine virus H120 strain, and compared with the data for ten other IBV strains derived from the GeneBank, identities between IBV-SNU80108 and other strains in nucleotide and amino acid sequences ranged 96.3% to 63.7% and 96.4% to 69%, respectively. IBV-SNU80108 was distinct from H120 strain by showing 91.9% and 92.9% identities in the respective sequences. This data suggested that IBV genetically distinctive from other foreign IBV strains might be present before 1986 in Korea.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.127-136
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• 2019

Three strains of infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs), designated VNUA3, VNUA8 and VNUA11, were isolated from diseased/infected chickens in Hanoi, Thainguyen, and Haiphong provinces of Vietnam. These birds had received a live IBV vaccination but still suffered from infectious bronchitis. VNUA3, VNUA8 and VNUA11 harbor cleavage sites (RRTGR, HRRRR, and HRRKR, respectively) within the S protein. A BLASTN search revealed that the S gene of VNUA3, VNUA8, and VNUA11 showed the highest nucleotide identity with those of IBV strains CK/Italy/I2022/13, CK/CH/LHLJ/08-6, and GX-NN120084, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on the S gene nucleotide sequences revealed that VNUA3, VNUA8 and VNUA11 clustered with Q1-like, QX-like and TC07-2-like genotypes, respectively, and were closely related to reference IBV strains from China. However, the Vietnam IBVs showed high divergence from vaccine strains 4/91 and Ma5, which are used in the Vietnamese farms from which the isolates were obtained. Taken together, these results indicate that at least three genotypes of IBV are circulating among chickens in North Vietnam. This is the first report of the molecular epidemiology of IBV in Vietnam.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.59 no.3
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• pp.123-132
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• 2019

Two infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) K046-12 and K047-12 strains were isolated and the nearly complete genomes of them were sequenced. Sequence comparisons showed that the K046-12 genome was most similar to Korean IBV strains, and the K047-12 genome was most similar to QX-like IBV strains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that nearly all K046-12 and most K046-12 genes were placed in the same cluster as Korean IBV isolates, but the S1 region was placed in the same cluster as Mass-type IBVs. For K047-12, nearly all K047-12 and most K047-12 genes were located in the same cluster as QX-like IBVs, but the M region was located in the same cluster as Korean IBV isolates with K047-12. Recombination analysis confirmed that K046-12 is a recombinant strain with the primary parental sequence derived from Korean IBVs and minor parental sequence derived from Mass-type IBV, and K047-12 is a recombinant strain with the major parental sequence derived from QX-IBV and minor parental sequence derived from Korean IBVs. This study showed that new IBV recombinants are constantly generated among various IBVs, including those used for vaccination. Therefore, genetic analysis of new virus isolates should be performed for effective infectious bronchitis control and appropriate vaccine development.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.6243-6259
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• 2019

As a foundation of next-generation air transportation systems, automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) helps pilots and air traffic controllers create a safer and more efficient national airspace system. Owing to the open communication environment, it is easy to insert fake aircraft into the system via spoofing or the insertion of false messages. Efforts have thus been made in academic research and practice in the aviation industry to ensure the security of transmission of messages of the ADS-B system. An identity-based batch verification (IBV) scheme was recently proposed to enhance the security and efficiency of the ADS-B system, but current IBV schemes are often too resource intensive because of the application of complex hash-to-point operations or bilinear pairing operations. In this paper, we propose a lightweight IBV signature scheme for the ADS-B system that is robust against adaptive chosen message attacks in the random oracle model, and ensures the security of batch message verification and against the replaying attack. The proposed IBV scheme needs only a small and constant number of point multiplication and point addition computations instead of hash-to-point or pairing operations. Detailed performance analyses were conducted to show that the proposed IBV scheme has clear advantages over prevalent schemes in terms of computational cost and transmission overhead.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.46 no.8
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• pp.726-735
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• 2010

전염성기관지염 바이러스(infectious bronchitis virus: IBV), 조류 뉴모 바이러스(Avian pneumovirus: APV), 뉴캣슬병 바이러스 (Newcastle disease virus: NDV), 조류인플루엔자 바이러스(avian influenza virus: AIV) 전염성 후두기관염 바이러스 (infectious laryngotracheitis virus: ILTV)는 닭의 호흡기에 직접 감염하여 호흡기질환을 일으키는 대표적인 바이러스로 알려져 있다. 그 밖에 아데노바이러스(adenovirus)와 레오바이러스 (reovirus)도 닭의 상부호흡기에 침투하여 피해를 입히는 이차적 원인체로 작용할 수 있다. 이들중 APV와 ILTV는 닭의 호흡기도에 국한되어 증식하지만 IBV, NDV, AIV의 경우 호흡기도 이외의 장기에서 증식이 가능하여 그 피해가 다양하게 나타나 문제 시 되기도 한다 (예: 산란장기 및 신장 (IBV), 소화기 (NDV, IBV, AIV), 중추신경계 (NDV, AIV)). 이외에도 상당수의 감염성 질환이 닭의 호흡기에 영향을 미칠 수 있으나, 해당 농장의 호흡기 피해가 어떤 질병에 의한 것인지 명확히 파악하지 못한 채 단순 항생제 처방에만 의지하는 경우가 많은 것이 현실이다. 따라서 국내 양계농가에서 문제시되는 주요 호흡기 질병과 이들의 감수성을 증대시키는 요인을 파악하는 것이 필요하고, 호흡기 질병의 피해에 대한 재인식과 아울러 호흡기 질병 피해 감소를 위한 진단과 예방노력이 하루속히 정착되어야 할 것이다. 본지에서는 대표적인 호흡기 질병 세가지(전염성기관지염, 조류뉴모바이러스감염증, 뉴캣슬병)의 최근 발생동향과 그 대처방안에 대하여 소개하고자 한다.

• Journal of the korean veterinary medical association
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.282-291
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• 1989

Incidence of infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) infection in vaccinated breeder chickens was investigated by hemagglutination inhibition(HI)test for IBV using Mass 41 antigen. In the breeder chickens with the reduced egg production. chalky deposit. wrinkled

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.134-137
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• 2009

Although there is circumstantial evidence that infectious bronchitis(IB) in the Korean layer industry has contributed to severe economic losses, the seroprevalence against IB virus(IBV) and risk factors associated with seropositivity are not well known. During May to October 2007, 820 blood samples were randomly collected from 41 laying hen flocks(20 birds in each flock) with $\geq$ 3,000 birds of 18 week of age or older in three provinces of Korea. The samples size was determined considering a flock-size range of 3,000-65,000 birds, an expected bird-level seroprevalence of $\geq$ 15%, and a 95% level of confidence. Serum samples were examined using a hemagglutination inhibition test for antibodies to IBV. The overall apparent flock-level seroprevalence was 46.3%(95% CI, 31.1-66.6) with no statistically significant differences among provinces(X=1.205, p>0.05). There were 19 positive flocks with one to eight seropositive birds, and 11 of these had one or two seropositive birds. None of the measured parameters were significantly associated with seropositivity against IBV in a subsequent multivariable logistic regression analysis. A longitudinal risk factor studies considering management and vaccination characteristics possibly associated with the IBV flock prevalence would be beneficial.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2015

Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes an acute and highly contagious viral disease of chicken that is great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. Among the IBV structural proteins, the high rate spike glycoprotein S1 gene mutation and antigenic variant strains have been reported in many countries. During the years 2012~2014, 10 IBV strains were isolated from infected chicken farms distributed in provinces of Jeonbuk. Analysis of the S1 gene sequences amplified from 10 isolated strains with QX strains showed nucleotide homologies ranging from 96.5 to 95.4%. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all strains were clustered into QX-like groups. This study suggests that QX-like IBVs are circulating in commercial chicken farms in Jeonbuk. Therefore, the continuing survellance is significantly important for prevention and control of BIV infection.