• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.1584-1592
• /
• 2006

Houttuynia cordata Thunb, well known as 'E-Sung-Cho' in Korea, is traditional medicinal plant generally used in Oriental medicine therapy. We previously reported that the water extract of H. cordata inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in human breast carcinoma cells. In the present study, we investigated the biochemical mechanisms of anti-proliferative effects by the methanol extract of H. cordata (MEHC) in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. It was found that MEHC could inhibit the cell growth in a dose-dependent manner, which was associated with morphological change and apoptotic cell death as determined by formation of apoptotic bodies, DNA fragmentation and increased populations of apoptotic-sub G1 phase cells. Apoptosis of A549 cells by MEHC was also connected with a down-regulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) expression. MEHC treatment induced the proteolytic activation of caspase-3, caspase-8 and caspase-9, and a concomitant inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), ${\beta}$-catenin and phospholipase (PLC)-${\gamma}$1 protein expression. Taken together, these findings provide important new insights into the possible molecular mechanisms of the anti-cancer activity of H. cordata.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제39권2호
• /
• pp.105-117
• /
• 2023

Climate change and invasive alien plant species (IAPs) are having a significant impact on mountain ecosystems. The combination of climate change and socio-economic development is exacerbating the invasion of IAPs, which are a major threat to biodiversity loss and ecosystem functioning. Species distribution modelling has become an important tool in predicting the invasion or suitability probability under climate change based on occurrence data and environmental variables. MaxEnt modelling was applied to predict the current suitable distribution of most noxious weed A. adenophora (Spreng) R. King and H. Robinson and analysed the changes in distribution with the use of current (year 2000) environmental variables and future (year 2050) climatic scenarios consisting of 3 representative concentration pathways (RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) in Bhutan. Species occurrence data was collected from the region of interest along the road side using GPS handset. The model performance of both current and future climatic scenario was moderate in performance with mean temperature of wettest quarter being the most important variable that contributed in model fit. The study shows that current climatic condition favours the A. adenophora for its invasion and RCP 2.6 climatic scenario would promote aggression of invasion as compared to RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climatic scenarios. This can lead to characterization of the species as preferring moderate change in climatic conditions to be invasive, while extreme conditions can inhibit its invasiveness. This study can serve as reference point for the conservation and management strategies in control of this species and further research.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제16권4호
• /
• pp.88-101
• /
• 1992

Properties of water and steam are very important for the steam ejector CAD program as a subroutine and design of the Shell & Tube type steam condenser. Present formular programs are based on the Skeleton Table of ASME, and are able to calculate the thermodynamoc properties of water and steam throughout the whole of the region that extend in pressure from 0 to 1000 bar and temperature from 0.01 to 80$0^{\circ}C$. When comparing calculated values for specific volume, enthalpy and entropy with the Skeleton Table 1967 and IAPS Skeleton Table 1984, values fell well within tolerances specified except near the extremes of the range of interest at the critical point and triple point, where deviations were slightly larger.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 2012

This paper presents a statistical analysis method for the selection of electroencephalogram (EEG) electrode positions and spectral features to recognize emotion, where emotional valence and arousal are classified into three and two levels, respectively. Ten experiments for a subject were performed under three categorized IAPS (International Affective Picture System) pictures, i.e., high valence and high arousal, medium valence and low arousal, and low valence and high arousal. The electroencephalogram was recorded from 12 sites according to the international 10~20 system referenced to Cz. The statistical analysis approach using ANOVA with Tukey's HSD is employed to identify statistically significant EEG electrode positions and spectral features in the emotion recognition.

• 인지과학
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.385-404
• /
• 2011

정서가 초점주의에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 배경자극으로 제시된 그림자극의 정서가가 수반자극과제 수행에 미치는 효과를 조사하였다. 수반자극이 표적자극과 상이한 경우와 동일한 경우의 반응속도 차이(부합성효과)는 수반자극 처리에 의한 간섭, 즉 표적자극에 대한 초점주의의 실패를 의미하는데, 부합성효과에 미치는 배경 그림자극의 정서가(긍정, 중립, 부정) 효과를 분석하였다(실험 1). 그 결과, 부합성효과의 크기는 표적자극과 수반자극간 거리(시각 0.5도, 1도, 1.5도)뿐만 아니라 배경 그림자극의 정서가의 영향을 함께 받았는데, 중립과 긍정 그림 배경에서는 거리가 멀수록 부합성효과가 감소한 반면(거리효과), 부정 그림 배경에서는 거리효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 또한 배경 그림자극과 표적/수반자극 간 SOA(100ms, 2800ms)와 거리(시각 0.5도, 1.5도)를 변화시켜 부합성에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과, 정서가에 따른 거리효과가 SOA에 따라 상이하였다(실험 2). SOA가 긴 경우, 중립과 긍정 그림 배경에서는 거리효과가 관찰되었으나, 부정 그림 배경에서는 거리효과가 관찰되지 않았다. 그리고 부합성효과가 모든 정서가에서 먼 거리와는 달리 가까운 거리에서만 유의미했다. 반면, SOA가 짧은 경우에는 모든 정서가에서 거리효과가 관찰되었으며, 부합성효과가 중립과 긍정 그림 배경에서는 두 거리조건 모두에서 유의미했지만 부정 그림 배경에서는 먼 거리에서 유의미하지 않았다. 이 결과는 전반적으로 부정정서에 의한 시각적 주의범위의 축소와 긍정정서에 의한 주의범위의 확산을 시사하는데, 특히 후자가 전자에 비해 더 일시적이라는 것을 시사한다.

• 영재교육연구
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.503-526
• /
• 2010

본 연구에서는 과학적 창의력과 정서적 감수성의 관계를 알아보고자 고등학교 과학발명반집단(n=13)과 일반 고등학생집단(n=13)을 대상으로 정서를 유발하는 시각자극을 제시하고 뇌활동성을 기능성자기공명영상(fMRI)을 이용하여 분석하였다. 국내외 창의력 경진대회 수상자들을 중심으로 구성된 과학발명반집단은 창의적 성격검사(WKOPAY, SAM) 점수가 상위 96%이내였으며 일반집단은 보통 수준이었다. 정서를 유발하는 시각자극(IAPS사진) 제시 시 뇌활동성을 분석한 결과 과학발명반집단은 일반집단에 비해 중간측두이랑(MTG)과 상측두이랑(STG) 영역 등에서 뇌활동성이 높게 나타났다. 창의적 성격검사점수와 뇌활동성 간의 상관도를 분석한 결과 MTG, STG 영역 등에서 유의적인 상관도(p<0.005)를 나타내었다. 특히 흥분의 측면보다는 기분(유쾌/불쾌)의 측면에서 유의적인 상관도를 보이는 영역이 많았다. 이러한 결과는 과학적 창의력이 높은 학생들이 일반 학생들에 비해 정서적 감수성이 발달되어 있다는 점을 보여주는 것으로 과학영재교육 대상자의 선발과 교육프로그램에서 정서적 측면이 고려되어야 함을 시사한다.

• 생물정신의학
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.79-85
• /
• 2010

Objectives : Trauma patients have attentional bias which enforces traumatic memories and causes cognitive errors. Understanding of such selective attention may explain many aspects of the posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD) symptoms. Methods : We used the rapid serial visual presentation(RSVP) method to verify attentional blink in burn patients with PTSD. International affective picture system(IAPS) was used as stimuli and distracters. In the 'neutral test', patients have been presented series of pictures with human face picture as target stimuli. Each picture had 100ms interval. However the distance between target facial pictures was randomized and recognition of second facial picture accuracy was measured. In the 'stress test', the first target was stress picture which arouses patient emotions instead of the facial picture. Neutral and Stress tests were done with seven PTSD patients and 20 controls. In '85ms test' the interval was reduced to 85ms. The accuracy of recognition of second target facial picture was rated in all three tests. Eighty-five ms study was done with eighteen PTSD patients. Results : Attentional blinks were observed in 100-400ms of RSVP. PTSD patients showed increased recognition rate in the 'stress test' compared with the 'neutral test'. When presentation interval was decreased to 85 ms, PTSD patient showed decrease of attentional blink effect when target facial picture interval was 170ms. Conclusion : We found attentional blink effect could be affected by stress stimulus in burn patients. And attentional blink may be affected by stimulus interval and the character of stimulus. There may be some other specific mechanism related with selective attention in attentional blink especially with facial picture processing.

• 한국해양바이오학회지
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.63-70
• /
• 2006

본 연구에서는 U937 인체 백혈병 세포의 증식에 미치는 PTX-2의 영향을 조사한 결과, PTX-2의 처리에 따라 U937 세포는 처리 농도 및 처리 시간 의존적으로 심한 형태적 변형과 함께 증식이 억제되었다. 이러한 PTX-2 처리에 의한 U937 세포의 증식억제는 apoptosis 유발과 관련이 있었으며, 이를 DAPI staining에 의한 apoptotic body 형성, flow cytometry를 이용한 sub-G1 세포 빈도의 정량적 분석을 통하여 확인하였다. 이러한 PTX-2 처리에 의한 U937 세포의 apoptosis 유발은 Bcl-2 family에 속하는 anti-apoptotic 인자인 Bcl-$X_L$의 발현 감소 및 IAPs family에 속하는 유전자들의 선택적 발현 감소와 연관성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과들은 인체 암세포에서 PTX-2의 항암작용을 이해하는데 중요한 자료가 될 것이고 나아가 PTX-2을 포함한 그와 유사한 항암제 후보물질들의 연구에 있어서 기초 자료로서 사용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.445-451
• /
• 2007

Translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) is a key regulator of protein synthesis. Abnormal regulation of eIF4E is closely linked to oncogenic transformation. Several regulatory mechanisms affecting eIF4E are discussed, including transcriptional regulation, phosphorylation and binding of an inhibitor protein. However it is not clear how the level of eIF4E protein is regulated under basal conditions. Here we demonstrate that Diap1 (Drosophila Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein), a cell death inhibitor, binds directly to eIF4E and poly-ubiquitinates it via its E3 ligase activity, promoting its proteasome-dependent degradation. Expression of Diap1 caused a reduction of Cyclin D1 protein level and inhibited the growth stimulation induced by overexpression of eIF4E. Taken together, our results suggest that the level of eIF4E protein is regulated by Diap1, and that IAPs may play a role in cap-dependent translation by regulating the level of eIF4E protein.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국감성과학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.231-238
• /
• 2001

Frontal (F3, F4) EEG responses were analyzed and compared during exposure too slides of International Affective Picture System (IAPS) in the study on 42 students. EEG responses during 20 s of exposure to slides intended to elicit happiness (nurturant and erotic), sadness, disgust, surprise, fear or anger emotions were quite similar and were exhibited in theta increase, alpha-blocking and increased beta activity, and frontal asymmetry. However, particular emotions demonstrated variations of the EEG response profiles, enabling to differentiate some pairs of emotions. The profiles showed higher magnitudes of EEG responses in exciting (i.e., erotic happiness) emotion. The most different pairs were exciting -sadness (theta, alpha and alpha asymmetry), exciting-surprise (theta, alpha asymmetry), and exciting-fear (theta, F3 alpha, alpha asymmetry). Nurturant happiness yielded the least differentiation. Differences were found as well within negative emotions, e.g., anger-sadness were differentiated by theta asymmetry, while disgust-fear by beta asymmetry. Obtained results suggest that magnitudes of profiles of EEG variables differentiate emotions elicited by affective pictures.