• 대한수학회지
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1265-1279
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• 2017

In order to study the structure of arbitrary split Leibniz triple systems, we introduce the class of split Leibniz triple systems as the natural extension of the class of split Lie triple systems and split Leibniz algebras. By developing techniques of connections of roots for this kind of triple systems, we show that any of such Leibniz triple systems T with a symmetric root system is of the form $T=U+{\sum}_{[j]{\in}{\Lambda}^1/{\sim}}I_{[j]}$ with U a subspace of $T_0$ and any $I_{[j]}$ a well described ideal of T, satisfying $\{I_{[j]},T,I_{[k]}\}=\{I_{[j]},I_{[k]},T\}=\{T,I_{[j]},I_{[k]}\}=0 \text{ if }[j]{\neq}[k]$.

• 공연문화연구
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• 제18호
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• pp.563-598
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• 2009

강릉단오제는 전근대사회에서 전승된 고을축제에 뿌리를 둔 지역축제로서, 1966년 중요무형문화재 13호로 지정되었고 2005년에는 유네스코에 의해 '인류구전 및 무형문화유산'으로 지정되어 한국의 대표적인 전통축제로 평가받고 있다. 일반적으로 이 축제는 전근대의 전통을 잘 간직하고 있는 축제로 알려져 있지만 현재 행해지고 있는 축제의 텍스트를 자세히 살펴보면, 19세기에 전승되었던 축제와는 상당히 다른 구성방식과 내용을 보여준다. 이와 같은 변화는 전승상황의 변화에 따른 문화적 적응의 결과로서, 특히 현재의 텍스트는 문화재지정을 의도한 '원형추구'와 '복원 -재현'의 소산으로 파악된다. 이 글에서는 강릉단오제의 변화상을 보다 구체적으로 검토하기 위해 본디 고을축제였던 강릉단오제의 옛 모습을 현존하는 자료들을 바탕으로 파악하고, 문화재 지정을 즈음해 재구성된 현행 텍스트와 비교해보려고 한다. 이를 위해서 우선 조선시대 고을축제의 존재양상을 살펴봄으로써 고을축제의 보편적 구성방식을 도출했다. 이를 바탕으로 일제 강점 전의 강릉단오제의 절차와 내용을 관련 자료에 대한 종합적 검토를 통해 비정한 뒤, 문화재 지정을 즈음해 그 틀이 짜여진 현행 강릉단오제 텍스트와 대비함으로써 변화상을 드러내고, 몇 가지 중요한 변화의 문제를 짚어보았다. 작업의 결과, 현재의 강릉단오제 텍스트는 축제의 구조, 축제의 시공간, 영신과 송신 및 오신의 제 절차에 포함된 연행의 내용 등의 부면에서, 전통적인 것과 상당히 다른 것이었음이 파악되었다.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.135-156
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• 1990

This study was undertaken to investigate the difference of chin morphology and mandibular form in relation to different mandibular growth direction. The subject was divided into three group i.e., control group, vertical group, and horizontal group, according to the criteria of $Bj{\ddot{o}}rk$ sum, and each group was composed of 15 females and 15 males. Medial axis analysis in addition to the routine cephalometric analysis using P.I.A.S. (personal image analysing system) was carried out to find out the differences of mandibular morphology on each group. The results were as follows: 1. The area of symphysis was larger in horizontal growth group than that of vertical growth group. 2. Protruding chin area was also larger in horizontal growth group than that of vertical growth group. 3. There was a close correlationship between protruding chin area and other form of mandible. 4. Antegonial notch depth and ramus posterior contour depth was deeper in vertical growth group than in horizontal growth group, and antegonial notch depth was more influenced by anterior part of notch than posterior part of notch. 5. Mental medial axis and incisal medial axis length, in relation to corpus medial axis length was larger in vertical growth group than in horizontal growth group.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.53-70
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• 2007

This paper presents a analysis of the problem of optimal design of the beams with two I-type cross section shapes. These types of beams are simply supported and subject to pure bending. The strength and stability conditions were formulated and analytically solved in the form of mathematical equations. Both global and selected types of local stability forms were taken into account. The optimization problem was defined as bicriteria. The cross section area of the beam is the first objective function, while the deflection of the beam is the second. The geometric parameters of cross section were selected as the design variables. The set of constraints includes global and local stability conditions, the strength condition, and technological and constructional requirements in the form of geometric relations. The optimization problem was formulated and solved with the help of the Pareto concept of optimality. During the numerical calculations a set of optimal compromise solutions was generated. The numerical procedures include discrete and continuous sets of the design variables. Results of numerical analysis are presented in the form of tables, cross section outlines and diagrams. Results are discussed at the end of the work. These results may be useful for designers in optimal designing of thin-walled beams, increasing information required in the decision-making procedure.

• 복식
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• 제4권
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• pp.25-37
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• 1981

Art Nouveau style refers to the movement of art which was started in France and Belgium in the last decade of the 19th and the early years of the 20th century. The distinguishing characteristics of Art Nouveau style are the sensous sinuosity of its line, nervously undulating, curving over itself, rhythmical, flowing in endless patterns, which are inspired by animals and plants, specially by flowers, leaves, long stalks. The Art Nouveau style includes also the extreme simplicity of form, and asymmetric design. This new trend of art movement spread into architecture, furniture, wall papers, graphic design, accessories and textiles. In this paper, I tried to find out whether or not the Art Nouveau style had an effect on clothing. Because I believe clothing, like architecture, painting, and sculpture, is an Art form that derives from a particular set of cultural circumstances and reflects the needs and aspirations of the society for which it is created. Fashions in clothing over the last five thousand years have mirrorred the art form as well as the spirit. The result of this study shows that the Art Nouveau style made a lasting contribution to the modernism of clothing as well as architecture and interior design at the end of 19th century and the early years of the 20th century. The modernism of clothing appeared in the straight silhouette, asymmetric design, simple and light trimming, embroidery with Art Nouveau pattern, and stylized flower design in textile. Art Nouveau made a great contribution toward the modern clothing to have its liveliness and its harmonious relationship between clothing design and the use of materials.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to identify external form and internal symbolism of oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion. Documentary studies and objective studies were done with descriptive, inductive and content analytic methods. In documentary research, concepts about culture, dress as a cultural sub-system, the from of dress, and the gender symbolism of dress were reviewed. In objective research, oriental fashion photographs in $\ulcorner$Vogue$\lrcorner$ during 1969-1989 were selected and analyzed, for the descriptions of samples, the form of dress, the perception of waist parts, the dressing manner. The synthetic results were as followes; 1. There were the geographical and national terms such as east, Orient, China, India, Japan, and so on in the descriptions of samples; and there were the costume terms such as herem, kimono, pyjama or pajama, sarong, and so on in the descriptions of samples. 2. The from of oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion was identified with draped type. This can be interpreted that in orient, there was no desire to reveal body figure through dress, therefore, for the long time, sustaining draped type of dress has been. 3. The perception of waist part in oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion was not made. So, it can be interpreted that in orient, there was no desire to distinguish both sexes through the emphasis of waist part in dress. 4. The dressing manners of oriental dress on the 20th century western fashion were wearing of trouser and layering mainly, symbolizing the confusion of gender distinction through dress.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.524-528
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• 1995

The reaction of [IrCl(cod)]2 with ppol ligand, Ph2PCH2CH2CH2P(Ph)CH2CH2CH=CH2, in ethanol gives an iridium complex, whose structure is converted from an ionic form, [Ir(cod)(ppol)]Cl·2C2H5OH (1),in polar solvents (ethanol, methanol and acetonitrile), to a molecular form, [IrCl(cod)(ppol)], in non-polar solvents (benzene and toluene). The cationic complexes, [Ir(cod)(ppol)]AsF6·1/2C2H5OH and [Ir(cod)(ppol)]PF6·1/2CH3CN, were prepared to compare with the ionic form by 31P NMR spectroscopy. When carbon monoxide is introduced to 1, cod is replaced by CO to give the 5-coordinated complex, [IrCl(CO)(ppol)]. Hydrogenation of 1-octene was not successful in the presence of 1. In order to verify the reason for 1 not behaving as a good catalyst for hydrogenation, electrophilic reactions with HCl, I2 and HBF4·etherate were performed, which yielded the oxidative addition product, [IrHCl2(ppol)], the substitution product, [IrI(cod)(ppol)], and another cationic product, [Ir(cod)(ppol)]BF4, respectively. Thus, the iridium complex is not sufficiently basic to activate hydrogen atoms or the olefin of the ppol ligand.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제32권
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• pp.29-61
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• 2013

When turning to determining a subject position for the digital age, one may look beyond the invention of its technologies and instead begin with the development of its aesthetic of networked communities, nodal expression, and collaborative identity. Virginia Woolf's The Waves demonstrates this aesthetic in both form and content. In this paper, I will examine the role of collaboration in the form of interdisciplinary composition, arguing that Woolf's use of musical form and dramatic monologue and dialogue structurally secure an investment in collaborative models of expression. Digital texts taut their inherent multimodality, but such compositions are also evident in pre-digital texts. In addition, I will decipher the subject position Woolf puts forward in The Waves by looking closely at how the characters determine their own identity and existence when they are alone, when they interact with one individual, and when they congregate as a group. These are exemplified more specifically in the representations of Rhoda and Bernard as equally refusing to collaborate between a self-defined identity and a group defined identity; Bernard's channeling of Lord Byron while writing a love letter; and Woolf's use of the red carnation as a repeated image of the intertwined nature of the characters' collaborative identity and mutual dependence on one another.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2022

본 논문은 함정 전투체계에서 신뢰성 시험 효율화를 위한 표준 아키텍처 및 무장-센서 시뮬레이터의 설계 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 표준화 아키텍처는 함정 전투체계 소프트웨어의 수정 공수 및 신뢰성 시험 수행 시간 단축을 위한 방법으로 함정 전투체계 소프트웨어에서 타 모듈의 의존도가 높은 응용을 선별하여 FORM 기법을 적용하였다. 이를 기반으로 공통요소와 가변요소를 추출, 추상화하였으며, 디자인 패턴 및 S.O.L.I.D 원칙을 고려한 아키텍처 디자인을 설계하였다. 제안된 무장-센서 시뮬레이터는 타 모듈의 의존성이 높은 요소를 식별하여 필수 기능을 구현하였고 통신 미들웨어에 기반 하여 장비의 정보를 가공 없이 직접 수신 받을 수 있도록 처리하였다. 그 결과 실제 함정 탑재장비를 대체하는 효과를 가진다. 또한 신뢰성 시험 수행 효율을 높이고 수정 사항 발생 시 수정시간을 단축할 수 있다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.145-152
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• 2022

Recently, interest in the precast concrete (PC) construction method has been increasing. The PC construction process consists of i) design, ii) production, iii) transportation, and iv) installation. A PC field manager at the site submits a shipment request form to the factory one to three days before the installation of the PC component. Numerous matters should be considered in writing a shipment request form. Incorrect shipment request forms may cause standby resources, waste of resources, premature work conclusion, or excessive work. These issues can lead to an increase in construction costs, replanning of PC component installation, or rework. In order to prevent such problems, PC component installation should be simulated based on the shipment request form. Accordingly, this study aims to identify factors influencing the operability of shipment request forms for PC construction. To this end, this study derived factors influencing i) initiation of the activity, ii) addition or deletion of activities, and iii) an increase or decrease in the activity execution time. As a result, this study identified flow, the features of PC components, condition of PC components, unloading location, installation location, input equipment and labor, number of anchors, number of supports, weather, strike, and accident. Further studies should verify the factors derived in this study based on focus group interviews.