• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제10권S_4호
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• pp.165-172
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• 2001

We investigated the optimal experimental conditions and reaction kinetics for the decompositions of PCE, TCE, naphthalene, and chloroform using conventional Fenton oxidation process. Additionally, the influence of pH on the decompositions of PCE was also evaluated. The results indicated that the optimal pH value was around 3. The dosage of Fenton's reagent and the molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ferrous ion for an approximately complete decomposition was found to depend on the properties of the organic compound. Due to their unsaturated structures, the results show that PCE, TCE, and naphthalene could be all effectively decomposed by Fenton's reagent oxidation. Their unsaturated structures could be mostly destoyed within first 1-2 minutes at a low dosage with an certain molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to ferrous ion. However the saturated compound such as chloroform was more difficult to decompose even with a relatively high dosage of Fenton's reagent.

• 한국원자력학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국원자력학회 2005년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.43-44
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• 2005

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2008

This work was carried out to improve the performance of anodic electrocatalysts in direct ethanol fuel cell(DEFC). PtRu and $Pt_5Ru_4M$(M= Ni, Sn, Mo and W) electrocatalysts were prepared by using a $NaBH_4$ reduction method. Alloy crystal structure and particle size of electrocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). The XRD analysis of the electrocatalysts revealed that the face-centered cubic(fcc) peaks shifted to slightly higher diffraction angles when third metals were added. Average size of the uniform particles was observed to be approximately $3{\sim}3.5\;nm$ from the TEM image. The electrochemical measurements were carried out in the solution 1M $H_2SO_4$ and 1M $C_2H_5OH$ at room temperature. Cyclic-voltammogram results showed that $Pt_5Ru_4W$ electrocatalyst exhibited much higher current density for ethanol oxidation of $2.73\;mA/cm^2$ than PtRu electrocatalyst of $0.73\;mA/cm^2$.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
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• 제10권S_3호
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• pp.127-137
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• 2001

The sonochemical Process has been applied as a treatment method and was investigated its effect on the decomposition of humic substances(HS). The reaction kinetics and mechanisms in the Process of sonochemical treatment for humic substances(HS) in wastewater have also been discussed. It was observed that the metal ions such as Fe(II) and Mn(II) showed catalytic effects, while Al(III), Ca(II), and Mg(II) had inhibitory effects on the decomposition of humic substances in sonochemical reaction with hydrogen peroxide. Experimental results also showed factors such as hydrogen peroxide dose affected the formation of disinfection by-products. Two trihalomethanes, chloroform and dichlorobromomethane were formed as major disinfection by-products during chlorination. The mechanism of radical reaction is controlled by an oxidation process. The radicals are so reactive that most of them are consumed by HS radicals and hydroxyl radicals can be acted on organic solutes by hydroxyl addition, hydrogen abstraction, and electron transfer. The depolymerization and the radical reaction of HS radicals appear to occur simultaneously. The final steps of the reaction are the conversion of organic acids to carbon dioxide.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.84-90
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• 2014

The degradation of 2,3-dichlorophenol(2,3-diCP) by various advanced oxidation systems with continuous feeding of hydrogen peroxide including the ultraviolet/hydrogen peroxide, the Fenton and the photo-Fenton process has been conducted. The highest removal efficiency for 2,3-diCP in the aqueous phase was obtained by the photo-Fenton process among the advanced oxidation systems. In the photo-Fenton process, The removal efficiency of 2,3-diCP decreased with increasing pH in the range of 3 to 6, and it decreased with increasing initial concentration. As the intermediates of 2,3-diCP by photo-fenton reaction, 3,4-chlorocatechol and 2,3-dichlorohydroquinone were detected, thus the degradation pathways were proposed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.668-673
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• 2012

Biohydrogen production from organic wastewater by anaerobically activated sludge fermentation has already been extensively investigated, and it is known that hydrogen can be produced by glucose fermentation through three metabolic pathways, including the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid to acetyl-CoA, oxidation of NADH to $NAD^+$, and acetogenesis by hydrogen-producing acetogens. However, the exact or dominant pathways of hydrogen production in the anaerobically activated sludge fermentation process have not yet been identified. Thus, a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) was introduced and a specifically acclimated acidogenic fermentative microflora obtained under certain operation conditions. The hydrogen production activity and potential hydrogen-producing pathways in the acidogenic fermentative microflora were then investigated using batch cultures in Erlenmeyer flasks with a working volume of 500 ml. Based on an initial glucose concentration of 10 g/l, pH 6.0, and a biomass of 1.01 g/l of a mixed liquid volatile suspended solid (MLVSS), 247.7 ml of hydrogen was obtained after a 68 h cultivation period at $35{\pm}1^{\circ}C$. Further tests indicated that 69% of the hydrogen was produced from the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid, whereas the remaining 31% was from the oxidation of NADH to $NAD^+$. There were no hydrogen-producing acetogens or they were unable to work effectively in the anaerobically activated sludge with a hydraulic retention time (HRT) of less than 8 h.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.616-624
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• 2011

Hydrogen storage and release of Fe/Zr/Mo mixed oxide mediums were investigated by hydrogen reduction and water splitting oxidation($Fe_3O_4+4H_2{\rightleftharpoons}3Fe+4H_2O$). As the results of TPR/O, Mo was an additive to enhance the reactivity of water splitting oxidation as well as the stability of the medium. On the other hand, it seemed that $ZrO_2$ additive provided the passway for the diffusion of gaseous chemicals on the medium in repeated redox cycles. Among the Fe/Zr/Mo mediums, a FeZrMo-7 medium (Fe/Zr/Mo=80/13/7mol%) exhibited the best performance with good durability during five repeated redox cycles. The amount of hydrogen evolved on the medium was maintained at ca. 10.7mmol-$H_2$/g-medium corresponding to the hydrogen storage amount of ca. 2.2wt%.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.45-54
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• 1996

PdOx 전극, Pd전극에서의 전기화학적 수소산화반응 특성을 30% KOH용액에서 온도와 수소농도를 변화시키면서 조사하였다. PdOx전극에서는 -0.8~-0.5V(vs. Hg/HgO)에서 전극 표면에 흡착된 수소의 산화반응이 주로 나타났고, Pd전극에서는 전극 표면에 흡착된 수소의 산화반응 뿐만 아니라 -0.5~0.0V(vs. Hg/HgO)에서 Pd과 수소가 직접 반응하여 형성된 금속수소화물이 산화되는 반응이 나타냈다. 두 전극 모두 수소농도의 증가에 따라 전하전달저항은 감소하였고, 교환전류는 증가하였다. PdOx 전극과 Pd전극의 경우 전달계수는 각각 0.78과 0.72로 Pd전극에서의 반응성이 우수하였다. 활성화에너지는 과전압이 증가할때 감소하였으며 PdOx 전극인 경우 23.9~20.3 KJ/mole, Pd전극인 경우 7.2~3.0KJ/mole로 나타났다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제43권10호
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• pp.613-618
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• 2006

Graphite is suitable materials as a moderator, reflector, and supporter of a nuclear reactor because of high tolerance to the high temperature and neutron irradiations. Because graphite is so weak to the oxidation, its oxidation study is essentially demanded for the operation and design of the nuclear reactor. This work focuses on the effect of the surface oxidation of graphite according to the surface treatment. With thermogravimeter (TG), oxidation characteristics of the isotropic graphite are measured at the three temperature areas, and oxidation ratio and amounts are estimated as changing the surface roughness. Furthermore, the polished graphite surface produced fom the surface treatment is investigated with the Raman spectroscopic study. Oxidation behaviors of the surface are also evaluated as elimination the polished layer by washing with strong sonication.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.802-804
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• 2005