• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.214-222
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• 2002

Computer simulations are widely used to analyze passenger safety in simulated traffic accidents. ATB, Articulated Total Body, is a computer simulation model developed to predict gross human body response to such dynamic environments as vehicle crashes and pilot ejections. ATB, whose code is open, has high flexibility and application capability that users can easily insert defined modules and functions. ATB is, however, inconvenient as it was coded in FORTRAN and it needs a formated input file. Moreover, it takes much time to make input files and to modify coding errors. This study aims to increase user friendliness by adding a preprocessor program, WINATB(WINdows ATB), to the conventional ATB. WINATB, programmed in Visual C＋＋ and OpenGL, uses ATB IV as a dynamic solver. The preprocessor helps users prepare input files through graphic interface and dialog box. An additional postprocessor makes the graphical presentation of simulated results. In these case of the frontal crash, the rear impact and the side impact, the simulation results obtained by WINATB and MADYMO(MAthematical Dynamic Model) are compared to validate the effectiveness of WINAIB.

• 한국항공운항학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

The unmanned aerial vehicle industry has developed a lot, but the possibility of accidents is increasing due to potential risks. In this study, SHELL models and HFACS were used to analyze unmanned aerial vehicle accidents in the UK and to identify the main causes and characteristics of accidents. The main cause analyzed by the SHELL model was identified as an abnormality in the alarm system. The main cause of the accident analyzed by HFACS was identified as the technical environment. The common cause identified by the SHELL model and HFACS was identified as a mechanical problem of unmanned aerial vehicles. This is due to the lack of accurate information or functionality of the alarm system in the operator interface, which often prevents the operator from responding to sensitive information. Therefore, in order to prevent civil UAV accidents, the stability and reliability of the system must be secured through regular inspections of the UAV system and continuous software updates. In addition, an ergonomic approach considering human interfaces is needed when developing technologies.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제43권9호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2006

운전자 보조시스템은 운전자가 좀 더 편리하고 안전하게 주행할 수 있도록 주행 정보나 위험 경보를 주거나 적극적인 개입을 통해서 안전사고를 방지할 수 있는 시스템이다. 차선이탈경보, 전후방 충돌경보와 같이 특정한 기능을 갖는 현재의 운전자 보조시스템은 비젼과 거리 센서의 가격 대비 처리성능의 향상으로 통합된 기능성과 HMI (Human-Machine Interface)를 갖는 지능형 운전자 보조시스템으로 발전할 것이다. 본 논문은 2대의 카메라와 8대의 초음파센서를 각각 차량의 전후방과 주변에 설치하여 주행 중인 차량의 환경정보인 실선과 점선의 차선 정보, 사각을 제거한 전방향의 차량의 위치정보를 추출하여 운전자가 전방향의 주행상황을 쉽게 인지할 수 있는 조감영상과 음성충돌경보를 제공하는 지능형 운전자 보조시스템을 제안한다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2000

In these days, the interior interface design for vehicle drivers was recognized as important affairs. Thereby, many studies are being performed for this. These studies emphasize the physical factors and usability of human, but those for the cognitive factors are not enough. Cognitive factors are very important elements to determine the drivers' performance. In this study, it was studied about the method to extract a driver's cognitive map on IP(Instrument Panel) in dynamic situation, and BPM(Blind-Pointing Method) was proposed for this. The BPM is the method to extract a cognitive map by subject's pointing action under the blinded condition. The experiment was conducted to validate compatibility of BPM as the method to extract a cognitive map. In the experiment, subjects were divided in two groups, the first group of subjects has their own vehicle and driver license, and the second group of subjects doesn't have own vehicle but has driver license. The result shows that the IP form of cognitive map is not different between two groups, and BPM is the compatible method to extract a cognitive map.

• 산업공학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.145-154
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• 1997

In developing the HMI(Human-Machine Interface) evaluation system for the IVNS(In-Vehicle Navigation System), design guidelines and evaluation methods are the most crucial problems for its use and efficiency. As the part of this system, focused on the final product of the database, subjective mental workload assessment is seriously considered to evaluate the driver's own driving task using the IVNS. This paper suggests the methodology for the ergonomic assessment of the IVNS that corresponds to the subjective measurement of the driver's mental workload by rating his or her own driving task. For this approach, Revision of NASA-Task Load Index(RNASA-TLX) was developed which translated and revised the version of NASA-TLX that is generally accepted an efficient and powerful method for evaluating the in-vehicle information systems. To verify the RNASA-TLX, an experiment was conducted in a real road situation, because the result of the laboratory approach is uncertain and has the differences from the real road test.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제38C권2호
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• pp.165-171
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• 2013

차량 통신 프로토콜은 IEEE 802.11 WG과 P1609에서 진행하고 있는 WAVE(Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments)가 대표적이며, 보안 등을 제외한 MAC과 PHY에 대한 부분은 표준으로 제정되었다. 이러한 차량통신을 이용하여 운전자들의 안전과 전체 교통 흐름의 원활한 통제를 위해 국내외에서 많은 프로젝트가 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 교차로에서 좌회전 시도 시에 위험 상황이 예상되면 운전자에게 알려주기 위한 차량간 통신 기반 안전서비스 알고리즘을 설계하였고, 이를 실제 구현하였다. 제안하는 알고리즘은 자차와 반대편에서의 접근차량에 대한 모델을 구성하고 충돌 위험이 있을 경우 운전자에게 HMI(Human Machine Interface)를 통해 경고를 주게 된다. 본 안전 서비스의 성능 테스트를 위해 테스트 차량을 이용하여 알고리즘을 시스템에 탑재하였으며, 테스트 케이스를 구성하여 성능 시험장에서 검증하였다. 테스트 결과로써, 우수한 성능을 나타냈으며, 앞으로 차량 통신 인프라가 설치된다면 V2I(Vehicle to Infrastructure) 통신을 이용하여 본 알고리즘을 보다 정밀하게 보완해야 할 것이다.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한인간공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.185-190
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• 1996

Navigation system is regarded as the interface border line between the Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) and the driver as the prospective information provider of the ATIS (Advanced Traveler Information System). Following theory, if the navigation system appropriately designed and utilized, that can maximize the transport efficiency, contribute to improvements of the environments and road safety. To accomplish these dinds of objectives of the navigation system use, human factors plays an important roles specially focused on the driver's safety, performance and system usability. Because the effectiveness of the system depends on the acceptance of the system, and the extent to which the system conforms to driver physical and cognitive limitations and capabilities. Therefore, the ergonomic design vaniables must be seriously selected and reflected in early design step for more effective and appreciate product design. As the first step of this aim, this study selected and categorized the human factors design variables of the navigation system.

• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.94-106
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• 2017

Unmanned military vehicles (UMVs) will be increasingly applied to the various military operations. These UMVs are most commonly characterized as dealing with "4D" task - dull, dirty, dangerous and difficult with automations. Although most of the UMVs are designed to a high degree of autonomy, the human operator will still intervene in the robots operation, and tele-operate them to achieve his or her mission. Thus, operator capacity, along with robot autonomy and user interface, is one of the important design factors in the research and development of the UMVs. In this paper, we propose the method to assess the operator capacity of the UMVs. The method is comprised of the 6 steps (problem, assumption, goal function identification, operator task analysis, task modeling & simulation, results and assessment), and herein colored Petri-nets are used for the modeling and simulation. Further, an illustrative example is described at the end of this paper.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.463-474
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• 2015

Future Ground Control Stations (GCSs) for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) teleoperation targets better situational awareness by providing extra motion cues to stimulate the vestibular system. This paper proposes a new virtual environment for long range Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) control via Non-Line-of-Sight (NLoS) communications, which is based on motion platforms. It generates motion cues for the teleoperator for extra sensory stimulation to enhance the guidance performance. The proposed environment employs the distributed component simulation over GSM network as a simulation platform. GSM communications are utilized as a multi-hop communication network, which is similar to global satellite communications. It considers a UAV mathematical model and wind turbulence effects to simulate a realistic UAV dynamics. Moreover, the proposed virtual environment simulates a Multiple Axis Rotating Device (MARD) as Human Machine Interface (HMI) device to provide a complete delay analysis. The demonstrated measurements cover Graphical User Interface (GUI) capabilities, NLoS GSM communications delay, MARD performance, and different software workload. The proposed virtual environment succeeded to provide visual and vestibular feedbacks for teleoperators via GSM networks. The overall system performance is acceptable relative to other Line-of-Sight (LoS) systems, which promises a good potential for future long range, medium altitude UAV teleoperation researches.

• 대한임베디드공학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.319-330
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• 2017

In remote USV (Unmanned Surface Vehicle) maritime operation, the remote operation and control technic and autonomous control technic is required and the emergency mode algorithm is needed certainly for sailing and accomplishing various surveillance, reconnaissance, and underwater search missions of USV. In this paper, we review the countermeasures in emergency situation of the existing USV system (Barracuda) and propose the emergency mode algorithm considering the operation and control, and autonomous control level for the stable USV operation in case of emergency. We analyzed the autonomous control level in view of the mission complexity and environmental difficulty, and human interface, and verified the performance of the autonomous control level when we apply four emergency mode algorithms. It is expected that more stable and reliable operation and cotrol are possible if the proposed algorithm is applied to the environments requiring the various multi-mission USV sailing and mission achievement.