• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6423-6428
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• 2015

The present study was designed to evaluate in vitro anti-proliferative potential of extracts from four Indian medicinal plants, namely Anogeissus latifolia, Terminalia bellerica, Acacia catechu and Moringa oleiferna. Their cytotoxicity was tested in nine human cancer cell lines, including cancers of lung (A549), prostate (PC-3), breast (T47D and MCF-7), colon (HCT-16 and Colo-205) and leukemia (THP-1, HL-60 and K562) by using SRB and MTT assays. The findings showed that the selected plant extracts inhibited the cell proliferation of nine human cancer cell lines in a concentration dependent manner. The extracts inhibited cell viability of leukemia HL-60 and K562 cells by blocking G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. Interestingly, A. catechu extract at $100{\mu}g/mL$ induced G2/M arrest in K562 cells. DNA fragmentation analysis displayed the appearance of a smear pattern of cell necrosis upon agarose gel electrophoresis after incubation of HL-60 cells with these extracts for 24h.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.348-353
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• 1997

The antimutagenic and cancer cell growth inhibitory effects of methanol extracts from 9 kinds of seaweed were studied in the Ames assay and cell culture systems, respectively. The methanol extracts from the seaweeds of sea lettuce, chlorella, sea tangle, sea mustard, sporophyll of sea mustard, fusiforme, seaweed papulosa, purple laver and ceylon moss showed antimutagenicities against aflatoxin B₁(AFB₁) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG) in the Salmonella typhimurium TA100. These extracts revealed relatively higher antimutagenicity against AFB₁(indirect mutagen) than MNNG(direct mutagen). Sporophyll of sea mustard and seaweed papulosa exhibited strong antimutagenic activity against AFB₁, and sporophyll of sea mustard, sea tangle and ceylon moss also reduced the mutagenicity induced by MNNG. The sporophyll fo sea mustard exerted the highest antimutagenic activity among the samples treated. The methanol extracts from 9 kinds of seaweed inhibited the growth of two cancer cell lines, AGS human gastric adenocarcinoma cells and HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells. Sea tangle, sea mustard and sporophyll of sea mustard inhibited the growth of cancer cells significantly. These results suggest that various seaweeds show not only antimutagenic activity but also growth inhibitory effect of some cancer cells.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.317-323
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• 2012

재배 와송의 항암효과를 입증하기 위해 SW480 대장암세포에서 재배 와송 추출물의 apoptosis 유도 효과 및 그 기전에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 재배 와송과 천연 와송 메탄올 추출물의 암세포 성장 억제능을 측정한 결과, 재배 와송은 천연 와송과 유사하게 농도 의존적으로 높은 암세포 증식억제효과를 보였으며 특히 농도 300 ${\mu}g$/mL의 재배 와송 메탄올 추출물에서는 천연 와송 메탄올 추출물 보다 더 높은 억제 효과를 나타내었다. 또한 재배 와송 메탄올 추출물을 분획하여 얻은 각각의 물, 헥산, 클로로포름, 에틸아세테이트 및 부탄올 분획물 중 와송 클로로포름 분획물에서 암세포의 증식 억제효과가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이러한 와송 클로로포름 분획물의 apoptosis 유도 효과는 Sub-G1기의 함량 증가와 핵의 응축 및 apoptotic bodies 생성 그리고 DNA 분절을 통해 나타났다. 한편, 와송 클로로포름 분획물의 caspase 활성은 caspase inhibitor 처리군에서 암세포의 증식 억제효과가 확연히 저해됨을 나타내었으며 각각의 caspase 활성 중 caspase-3 및 -9의 활성을 증가시켰다. 또한 와송 클로로포름 분획물은 apoptosis 관련 단백질들인 Bid, Bcl-2 및 PARP의 발현을 농도 의존적으로 감소시켰으며 tBid 및 Bax 단백질의 발현을 현저하게 증가시켰다. 본 연구 결과, 재배 와송과 천연 와송은 유사한 암세포 성장 억제 효과를 보였으며 재배 와송의 클로로포름 추출물은 caspase 의존적인 경로를 통해 apoptosis를 일으켜 세포 사멸 효과를 나타내는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.372-376
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• 2001

The effect of garlic extract and vitamin C mixture on the various cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo have been examined. Proliferation of human colon cancer (HT-29), human rectal cancer (HRT-18) and human hepatoma (HepG2) cells was inhibited by garlic extract and vitamin C, respectively. Based on the cytotoxic activity, mixture of garlic extract and vitamin C was demonstrated to possess a synergistic growth inhibition on HT-29, HRT-18 and HepG2 cancer cells. Mixture of garlic extract and vitamin C significantly arrested G2/M phase cells in the HepG2 cell cycle. Oral administration of mixture of garlic extract and vitamin C to sarcoma-180 tumor-bearing mice prolonged survival time compared to that of control group. These results suggested that addition of vitamin C enhances anticancer activity of garlic extract in vitro, and mixture of garlic extract and vitamin C has antitumor effect in vivo.

• 생약학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.283-289
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• 2006

Ethanol extracts of the whole herb of Agastachis Herba (A) and of Pueraria Radix (P) alone and of their mixture (A+P) downregulated the cell growth, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$, and cGMP production. A, P, and A + P inhibited the cell growth of HT-29 colon cancer cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner but not the growth of normal colon cell, CCD-112CoN. In addition, they markedly inhibited the productions of $PGE_2$ and cGMP as well as the mRNA expression of COX-2. These data suggest that non-toxic concentration of A, P, and A + P have a significant effect on the in vitro growth of HT-29 cells, specifically through the inhibition of the $PGE_2$ production via COX-2.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1107-1112
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• 1999

We investigated the inhibitory effects of phytol and methyl 11,14,17 eicosatrienoic acid (methyl ETA, n 3, 20 : 3) separated from perilla leaves on the growth of human cancer cells. Phytol inhibited significantly the growth of HT 29 human colon cancer cells, MG 63 osteosarcoma cells and AZ 521 gastric cancer cells. Although the activity of methyl ETA was lower than that of phytol, it was also observed to have the inhibitory effect on three human cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the DNA synthesis of the MG 63 osteosarcoma cells was markedly decreased by the addition of the phytol and methyl ETA. These results suggest that phytol and methyl ETA identified from the perilla leaves may play a role on the growth inhibition of the human cancer cells.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.489-494
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• 2009

We have previously shown that the down-regulation of protein kinase CKII activity is tightly associated with cellular senescence of human fibroblast IMR-90 cells. Here, we examined the roles of p53 and $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ in senescence development induced by CKII inhibition using wild-type, isogenic p53-/- and isogenic p21-/- HCT116 human colon cancer cell lines. A senescent marker appeared after staining for senescence-associated ${\beta}$-galactosidase activity in wild-type HCT116 cells treated with CKII inhibitor or $CKII{\alpha}$ siRNA, but this response was almost abolished in p53- or $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$-null cells. Increased cellular levels of p53 and $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ protein occurred with the inhibition of CKII. CKII inhibition upregulated p53 and $p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ expression at post-transcriptional level and transcription level, respectively. RB phosphorylation significantly decreased in cells treated with CKII inhibitor. Taken together, this study shows that the activation of the $p53-p21^{Cip1/WAF1}$ pathway acts as a major mediator of cellular senescence induced by CKII inhibition.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.495-498
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• 2013

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is over-expressed in several human cancers. This would suggest that inhibition of EGFR is a reasonable approach for cancer treatment. In this study we investigated EGFR blocking and its effects on the mediated signaling such as MAPK and STATb in HT29 cells. For this aim we used FITC-labeled EGFR antisense oligonucleotides encapsulated with PAMAM nanoparticles to inhibit EGFR expression. Cellular uptake of antisense was investigated by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. The effect of EGFR antisense on the expression of EGFR in HT29 cells was examined by real time PCR and Western blots, which showed that antisense encapsulated with PAMAM decreased the level of EGFR mRNA and protein. In addition, real time PCR results confirmed that EGFR inhibition had an effective role in the reduction of EGFR dependent downstream genes. In conclusion, EGFR antisense encapsulated with PAMAM nanoparticles down regulated EGFR and EGFR-mediated genes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권15호
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• pp.6581-6589
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• 2015

Background: Previously, stingless bee (Trigona spp.) products from East Kalimantan, Indonesia, were successfully screened for in vitro antiproliferative activity against human cancer derived cell lines. It was established that propolis from T. incisa presented the highest in vitro cytotoxicity against the SW620 colon cancer cell line (6% cell survival in $20{\mu}g/mL$). Materials and Methods: Propolis from T. incisa was extracted with methanol and further partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the extracts was assessed by the MTT assay against human colon (SW620), liver (Hep-G2), gastric (KATO-III), lung (Chago) and breast (BT474) cancer derived cell lines. The active fractions were further enriched by silica gel quick column, absorption and size exclusion chromatography. The purity of each fraction was checked by thin layer chromatography. Cytotoxicity in BT-474 cells induced by cardanol compared to doxorubicin were evaluated by MTT assay, induction of cell cycle arrest and cell death by flow cytometric analysis of propidium iodide and annexin-V stained cells. Results: A cardol isomer was found to be the major compound in one active fraction (F45) of T. incisa propolis, with a cytotoxicity against the SW620 ($IC_{50}$ of $4.51{\pm}0.76{\mu}g/mL$), KATO-III (IC50 of $6.06{\pm}0.39{\mu}g/mL$), Hep-G2 ($IC_{50}$ of $0.71{\pm}0.22{\mu}g/mL$), Chago I ($IC_{50}$ of $0.81{\pm}0.18{\mu}g/mL$) and BT474 (IC50 of $4.28{\pm}0.14{\mu}g/mL$) cell lines. Early apoptosis (programmed cell death) of SW620 cells was induced by the cardol containing F45 fraction at the $IC_{50}$ and $IC_{80}$ concentrations, respectively, within 2-6 h of incubation. In addition, the F45 fraction induced cell cycle arrest at the G1 subphase. Conclusions: Indonesian stingless bee (T. incisa) propolis had moderately potent in vitro anticancer activity on human cancer derived cell lines. Cardol or 5-pentadecyl resorcinol was identified as a major active compound and induced apoptosis in SW620 cells in an early period (${\leq}6h$) and cell cycle arrest at the G1 subphase. Thus, cardol is a potential candidate for cancer chemotherapy.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.180-184
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• 2009

The apoptotic effect of bacteria-derived $\beta$-glucan was investigated in human colon cancer cells SNU-C4 using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, and Caspase-3 genes, and assay of caspase-3 enzyme activity. $\beta$-Glucan of 10, 50, and $100{\mu}g$/mL decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner with typical apoptotic characteristics, such as morphological changes of chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation from TUNEL assay. In addition, $\beta$-glucan ($100{\mu}g$/mL) decreased the expression of Bc1-2 by 0.6 times, whereas the expression of Bax and Caspase-3 were increased by 3.1 and 2.3 times, respectively, compared to untreated control group. Furthermore, the caspase-3 activity in the $\beta$-glucan-treated group was significantly increased compared to those in control group (P < 0.05). Bacterial derived $\beta$-glucan could be used as an effective compound inducing apoptosis in human colon cancer.