• Journal of Auto-vehicle Safety Association
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2012

The purpose of this research is to obtain and analyze dynamic responses from human volunteers for the development of the human-like mechanical or mathematical model for Korean males in automotive rear collisions. This paper focused on the introduction to a low-speed rear impact sled test involving Korean male subjects, and the accumulation of the motion of head and neck. A total of 50 dynamic rear impact sled tests were performed with 50 human volunteers, who are 30-50 year-old males. Each subject can be involved in only one case to prevent any injury in which he was exposed to the impulse that was equivalent to a low-speed rear-end collision of cars at 5-8 km/h for change of velocity, so called, ${\Delta}V$. All subjects were examined by an orthopedist to qualify for the test through the medical check-up of their necks and low backs prior to the test. The impact device is the pendulum type, tuned to simulate the crash pulse of a real vehicle. All motions and impulses were captured and measured by motion capture systems and pressure sensors on the seat. Dynamic responses of head and T1 were analyzed in two cases(5 km/h, 8 km/h) to compare with the results in the previous studies. After the experiments, human subjects were examined to check up any change in the post medical analysis. As a result, there was no change in MRI and no injury reported. Six subjects experienced a minor stiffness on their back for no more than 2 days and got back to normal without any medical treatment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.89-98
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• 1999

Kimchi is a traditional food in Korea. It is a fermented food made by several vegetables. Kimchies have traditionally made at home, but the use of commercial Kimchies is increasing. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intake and evaluation of commercial Kimchies and the perception of desirable learning methods making Kimchies among female high-school students. Three hundred and seventy one female high-school students living in Chonbuk province were participated in the survey. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The percentage of subjects who had consumed commercial Kimchies at least once was 49.7%. It was higher in the subjects living in the rural area(65.6%) than in the urban area(37.9%) at p${\le}$0.001. 2. Positive reasons for the consume of commercial Kimchies was: ‘saving time($4.11{\pm}0.74$)’, ‘convenience to buy when it is needed($4.03{\pm}0.78$)’, ‘variety($3.59{\pm}0.86$)’ and ‘looking good($3.21{\pm}0.98$)’. However, commercial Kimchi received low scores for: ‘sanitation($2.24{\pm}0.96$)’, ‘taste($2.84{\pm}0.96$)’, and ‘economy($2.89{\pm}1.02$)’. 90.5% of the subjects believed that the use of commercial Kimchi will be increased. 3. 24.3% of the subjects had an experience of making Kimchi alone, and 88.7% of the subjects had assisted their mother making Kimchi. 88.9% of the subjects reported that they would like to learn how to make Kimchi from their mothers. 84.0% of the subjects want to make Kimchi by themselves at home when they will be housewives. In conclusion, this report suggests that commercial Kimchi should be produced under more sanitary conditions and Kimchi producers should also develop a variety of tastes to match consumer＇s preferences. There is also a need for education for making high quality Kimchies in school programs of Home Economics. (Korean J of Human Ecology 2(1) : 89-98, 1999)

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.111-117
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• 2005

It has been more than three decades since the first assay assessing circulating 25 (OH)D in human subjects was performed That publication as well as several that followed it defined 'normal' nutritional vitamin D status in human populations. Recently, the wisdom by which 'normal' circulating 25 (OH)D levels in human subjects were assigned in the past has come under question. It appears that sampling human subjects, who appear to be free from disease, and assessing 'normal' circulating 25 (OH)D levels by plotting a Gaussian distribution is grossly inaccurate. There are many reasons why this method is inaccurate, including race, lifestyle habits, sunscreen usage, age, latitude, and inappropriately low dietary recommendations for vitamin D. For instance, a 400 IU/day. AI for vitamin D is insignificant when one considers that a 10-15 minute whole body exposure to peak summer sun will generate and release up to 20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$ into the circulation. Recent studies, which orally administered up to 10,000 IU/day vitamin $D_3$ to human subjects for several months, have successfully elevated circulating 25 (OH)D levels to those observed in individuals from sun-rich environments. Further, we are now able to accurately assess sufficient circulating 25 (OH)D levels utilizing specific biomarkers instead of guessing what an adequate level is. These biomarkers include intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium absorption, bone mineral density (BMD), insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function. Using the data from these biomarkers, vitamin D deficiency should be defined as circulating levels of 25 (OH)D$\leq$30 ng/mL. In certain cases, such as pregnancy and lactation, significantly higher circulating 25 (OH)D levels would almost certainly be beneficial to both the mother and recipient fetus/infant.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.22-33
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• 2004

It has been more than three decades since the first assay assessing circulating 25(OH)D in human subjects was performed. That publication as well as several that followed it defined 'normal' nutritional vitamin D status in human populations. Recently, the wisdom by which 'normal' circulating 25(OH)D levels in human subjects were assigned in the past has come under question. It appears that sampling human subjects, who appear to be free from disease, and assessing 'normal' circulating 25(OH)D levels by plotting a Gaussian distribution is grossly inaccurate. There are many reasons why this method is inaccurate, including race, lifestyle habits, sunscreen usage, age, latitude, and inappropriately low dietary recommendations for vitamin D. For instance, a 400IU/day. AI for vitamin D is insignificant when one considers that a 10-15 minute whole body exposure to peak summer sun will generate and release up to 20,000 IU vitamin $D_3$ into the circulation. Recent studies, which orally administered up to 10,000 IU/day vitamin $D_3$ to human subjects for several months, have successfully elevated circulating 25(OH)D levels to those observed in individuals from sun-rich environments. Further, we are now able to accurately assess sufficient circulating 25(OH)D levels utilizing specific biomarkers instead of guessing what an adequate level is. These biomarkers include intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium absorption, bone mineral density (BMD), insulin resistance and pancreatic beta cell function. Using the data from these biomarkers, vitamin D deficiency should be defined as circulating levels of $25(OH)D{\leq}30ng/mL$. In certain cases, such as pregnancy and lactation, significantly higher circulating 25(OH)D levels would almost certainly be beneficial to both the mother and recipient fetus/infant.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.787-790
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• 1997

This paper proposes a method which selects essential elements in a human evaluation model using the Choquet integral based on fuzzy measures, and applies the model to the evaluation of human interface. Three kinds of concepts are defined to select essential elements. Increment Degree implies the increment degree from fuzzy measures of composed elements to the fuzzy measure of a combined element. Average of Increment Degree of an element means the relative possibility of superadditivity of the fuzzy measure of each combined element. Necessity Degree means the selection degree of each combined element as a result of the human evaluation. A task experiment, which consists of a static work and two dynamic works, is performed by the use of some human interfaces. In the experiment, (1) a warning sound which gives an attention to subjects, (2) a color vision which can be distinguished easily or not, (3) the size of working area and (4) a response of confirmation that is given from an interface, are considered as human interface elements. Subjects answer the questionnaire after the experiment. From the data of the questionnaire, fuzzy measures are identified and are applied to the proposed model. Effectiveness of the proposed model is confirmed by the comparison of human interface elements extracted from the proposed model and those from the questionnaire.

• The Journal of KAIRB
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.30-35
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• 2022

The Human Research Protection Program (HRPP) includes all subject protection activities and entities involved in the process of planning, reviewing, and conducting clinical research and it ultimately aims that research can be conducted ethically and scientifically while protecting the rights and welfare of research subjects. At the beginning of its introduction in Korea, it was settled down by adopting the United States HRPP, especially the form of AAHRPP element and regulations. However, regulations and operating forms of HRPP have been changed according to the Korean domestic research environment. Actually, all the Korean institutions are adopted the Korean HRPP guidelines that have been officially announced by the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety in Korea. Recently, Korean domestic laws such as the "Advanced Regenerative Biology Act" or "In Vitro Diagnostic Medical Device Act" have been dramatically innovated and our research environment becomes to be more complicated. Therefore, the development of a suitable Korean HRPP model considering the Korean research environment is strongly demanded. For the early settle down of the Korean HRPP model, the positive incentive method should be applied, when the HRPP is operated and/ or properly operated. These improvements in the Korean HRPP environment will eventually lead to the appropriate protection of subjects who are participating in human clinical research and the quality improvement of clinical research.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.25-31
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• 2005

We know that the Hurst Exponent (HE) is a real number in [0, 1] which denotes randomness of time series. in this research, we suggest non-linear analysis of human biological signals through HE. The feasibility of human biological signals using inductive incitement provides Some diagnosis for active treatment. In our experiment, we measured the heartbeat through the MCG, 29 healthy and 34 abnormal subjects ostensibly. The raw data of acupuncture incitement are supported by opinions of gross examination and pathological diagnosis. The mean values of HE are 0.345, 0.755 and 0.805 for the periods of before, during and after acupuncture treatment, respectively in case of abnormal subjects. On the other hand, the mean values, 0.808, 0.797 and 0.785 are for normal cases, correspondingly. From this data, we show that HE is very significant in abnormal controls according to an acupuncture incitement, and the incitement effect is evidently extracted in abnormal subjects. But, in normal subjects, the incitement effect is meaningless.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.13 no.8
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• pp.645-650
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• 2003

This paper introduces attempts to obtain the 'representative'characteristics of the apparent mass (or dynamic mass) of seated Korean subjects under vertical vibration. Individual responses of driving-oint apparent masses obtained from forty one Korean subjects are illustrated. Four kinds of vibration levels and three different sitting postures are selected to collect the characteristic responses of each subject. Those individual responses are used to estimate the 'mean'apparent mass, which may be expected to be a representative model to Korean subjects. Several interesting features of the estimated apparent mass are suggested and compared to those of ISO 5982.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.43-45
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to obtain basic data for making performance criteria about the structural safety of lightweight dry wall later by examining types and characteristics of horizontal load acting on the wall. The subjects applying horizontal load to the wall are human and objects. The types of horizontal load are classified as static load and dynamic load depending on the difference of acting time. The magnitude of horizontal load "0.25kN/㎡" defined by KBC 2009 has no significant meaning since it is the unsubstantial nominal load. The result of examining types and characteristics of horizontal load is as follows. (1) Static load by human needs to have more systematic investigation including differences in wall hardness and human weight. (2) Dynamic load by human needs to raise the significance of study result by increasing the number of subjects. (3) Dynamic load by objects needs to accumulate the load specific data for various load subjects considering real situations.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.35-42
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• 2024

Biomedical engineering is a discipline that diagnoses and treats human diseases using engineering techniques based on medical and biological understanding. Proper biomedical engineering education requires education on medical terminology, human anatomy, and human physiology, but students have a preconceived notion that these basic medical subjects are subjects to be memorized. In order to eliminate these students' preconceptions, various educational methods must be developed so that students can easily access basic medical subjects. In this paper, we present a method to increase learning effectiveness by introducing observation practice of a human anatomical model to the medical terminology subject. The half-body model of the human body is a form in which various organs are assembled and can be observed by disassembling them one by one. This observation exercise consisted of questions about the organs of the head, neck, chest, and abdomen, with students working in groups to find answers. After the practice, students evaluated that this practice motivated them to learn and made it easier to understand the lecture.