• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.93-106
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• 2016

This study aimed to estimate and evaluate the thermal mitigation of the urban tree canopy on the summer outdoor environment by quantitative use of mean radiant temperature. This study applied the SOLWEIG model based $T_{mrt}$ comparison method by using both (1) urban tree canopy presence examples and (2) urban tree canopy absence examples as constructed from airborne LiDAR system based three-dimensional point cloud data. As a result, it was found that an urban tree canopy can provide a decrease in the entire domain averaged daily mean $T_{mrt}$ about $5^{\circ}C$ and that the difference can increase up to $33^{\circ}C$ depending both on sun position and site conditions. These results will enhance urban microclimate studies such as indices (e.g., wind speed, humidity, air temperature) and biometeorology (e.g., perceived temperature) and will be used to support forest based public green policy development.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.15-24
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• 2007

According to an apartment house environment and the service provide method of major telecom operators, is providing optic-LAN service with installing the equipments of optical office center and optic distribution at MDF(Main Distribution Frame) and under-ground of apartment. therefore the distribute is deepening between service providers because of space securement to install equipments and spare pipe securement to reinstall UTP cable. These were reasons that operators leaned to subscriber collection and neglected to maintenance, in addition, insist the facilities invested by each operators is his own assets for all that in-plant of apartment house is private land. So, would not being touched by others. Accordingly, this study will search it through the field current condition examine that service's types and methods which various telecom operators and broadcast operators are providing, the current conditions of being maintained, the problems of being happened. etc. and would like to improve that the users could use the services safely by making the information & communication facilities maintenance mandatory under the regular size of apartment house circumstances through the analysis of various laws relations which are managed information & communication construction work law, telecommunication basis law, home network. etc. technical standards by the Ministry of Information and Communication and are managed housing law, construction law, the regulation related to house construct standards. etc. by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.74-82
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to reflect on the results of the assessment and analysis of landscape planning projects according to planning phases in a landscape planning system based on landscape law. An assessment of the importance and performance of landscape planning elements by planning phases was studied by statistically descriptive analysis, variation analysis, statistical t-test and importance-performance analysis. As a result of the evaluation, the performance of existing landscape planning projects is 3.813 and the importance of planning elements is 5.648. This means that in spite of the importance of landscape planning elements, the performance of existing landscape planning projects is not sufficient to cover the importance of landscape planning elements. In addition, 'site landscape survey' and 'landscape design guideline' sections are not sufficient when they are compared to 'landscape concept plan' and 'landscape basic plan' to complete the landscape planning projects required by landscape law. It means also that the landscape survey and landscape design guidelines should be complementarily practiced in order to increase the effectiveness of landscape planning projects. As the research is practiced by survey methods on landscape planning projects which are only new development sites, the results cannot represent all types of landscape planning projects. Nevertheless, the results can be applied to new landscape planning at new development sites or old cities to increase effectiveness.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.435-443
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• 2012

The combination of space shortage and the high population density concentrated in urban areas of South Korea has resulted in the growth of large-scale high-rise residential complexes, naturally affecting water and hot water usage patterns as well. But the current designs for water and hot water supply in South Korea rely mostly on international design standards and data calculated on site due to the severe shortage of basic data in relation to actual use, which result in the frequent problem of the under-or over-design of water and hot water supply. The following study measures the hot water supplier's conditions and the user's heat usage to realize the amount of time required for hot water supply load generation and the pattern of actual use in order to create basic data for effective hot water supply facility design and maintenance.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.104-109
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• 2017

The flooding and deterioration of water quality caused by urbanization and climate change are becoming more serious. In order to respond to this, studies on low impact development (LID) technology, which is designed to restore the hydrological system of the urban basin to its natural state, have been actively pursued all over the world, The announcement of the low carbon green growth law, hydrophilic area special law, etc., highlights the importance of technology such as the LID method. However, whereas various developments have been made in relation to the current LID element technology, there has been little research designed to verify its effectiveness. In this study, we analyzed the optimum spatial distribution of pitcher fire pitcher packing in parking lots using the K - LIDM model to verify the effectiveness of the low impact development (LID) method in the early stages. Using the eight package scenario and the three rain intensity scenarios, it was found that the lower 40% pitcher packaging results in an approximately 90% spill reduction effect, as in the case of the whole pitcher's package. The confirmation of these analyses and experimental verification is expected to ensure that the actual pitcher packaging will be used as a basis for arranging LID facilities such as urban planning and housing development in the future.

• Architectural research
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2006

Various housing measures are needed for the rapidly aging society of Korea. In particular, the welfare policy for the elderly has changed towards the community care. Taking this fact into consideration, it is necessary to have the establishment of a system that offers the elderly appropriate welfare services at their appropriate residence (ageing in place) for the effectiveness of the community care. In this aspect, there are a number of implications to Korea to study merits and demerits of the Health Facilities for the Aged (HFA) in Japan. The society of Japan has been rapidly aging since 1970, and Korea is to face the same situation. As for the data of this study, a total of 2,393 facilities (as of November 1999) mentioned in the annual report of the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare were classified based on types of their establishment: (1) free-standing structures (603 facilities); (2) annexes to hospitals (981 facilities); (3) annexes to welfare facilities (511 facilities); and (4) annexes to clinics (298 facilities). Next, 239 facilities were selected through taking a sample of 10 percent from each type of the HFA mentioned above. This was done through the random sampling method with the computer program of MS EXCEL. The Implications of the results of analyses are as follows. First, most of the health facilities were planned with the scale that was larger than the scale of standard special nursing homes in terms of the total floor area. Precise equations that were to obtain precise results of the scale of the HFA and the appropriate number of residents were obtained through the method of the regression analysis. Korea and Japan have similarities in terms of culture, society and family relations; however, the two countries also have differences in terms of the application of laws on the establishment of houses, hospitals, and welfare facilities. As for planning the scale of the HFA, the realities of Korea should be considered. Second, as for the functional aspect of the HFA with a condition of returning home, the place before and after the HFA showed the pattern of 'from a residential place to a residential place' and 'from a hospital to a hospital.' This reveals a close correlation with the types of the HFAs and operational ways of the facilities. Its cause is considered to be the aspect of the operation and management of the HFA rather than the aspect of its function of providing services in association with medical and health facilities. Therefore, when intermediate welfare facilities are considered in Korea, it is strongly advised to consider the problem of annexes to other facilities and efficiency of sharing of the facilities in terms of its operation and management.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.743-776
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• 2012

This study utilizes the meta-analysis for the benefits transfer (MA-BT) approach to measure social costs the 7 target sites in the City and County of Honolulu. The estimated MA models (MA-1 and MA-1) were evaluated in terms of validity and reliability criteria. This study utilized a parametric t-test and a non-parametric sign rank test for checking validity. A transfer error measured by an absolute percentage difference was utilized to check reliability their similarity. The GIS was utilized for data collection in order to measure social costs for each target site. The results clearly demonstrated that social costs were substantially higher thant direct costs and varied market conditions and different methods used. In terms of validity and reliability criteria, MA models were preferred to the mean transfer value approach. MA-BT approach is desirable for measuring social costs for a project designed to measure social costs for these 7 proposed landfill sites with inaccessible data, on short time frames, and with little money. If researchers and planners have enough time and money, they can implement primary research. If not, the meta-analysis for the benefits transfer approach can be much better than no framework. The use of a GIS can help to identify secondary data within a specific radius of each target site.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.11-21
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• 2015

This study carried out evaluation of vulnerability in accessability and functionality using road network that was extracted from Intelligent Transportation System(ITS) and digital map. It was built in order to figure out accessability that locational data which include community center, public facilities, medical facilities and highway IC. The method for grasping functionality are Digital Elevation Model(DEM) and land slide hazard map provided by Korea Forest Service. The evaluation criteria for figure out accessability was set to related comparison of average time in urban area. Functionality value was calculated by the possibility of backing the vehicle possibility of snowfall and landslides. At last, this research computed weighting value through Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), calculated a vulnerable score. As the result, the accessability of rural village came out that would spend more time by 1.4 to 3.2 times in comparison with urban area. Even though, vulnerability of the road by a snowfall was estimated that more than 50% satisfies the first class, however, it show up that the road were still vulnerable due snowing because over the 14% of the road being evaluated the fifth class. The functionality has been satisfied most of the road, however, It was vulnerable around Lake Daechung and Piban-ryung, Yumti-jae, Suriti-jae where on the way Boeun. Also, the fifth class road are about 35 km away from the city hall on distance, take an hour to an hour and a half. The fourth class road are about 25 km away from the city hall on distance, take 25 min to an hour. The other class of the road take in 30 min from the city hall or aren't affected of weather and have been analyzed that a density of road is high. In A result that compare between distribution and a housing density came out different the southern and the eastern area, so this result could be suggested quantitative data for possibility of development.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.5 s.83
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

Traffic congestion causes enormous social costs as well as loss of travel time and waste of energy. Though the Seoul metropolitan government implemented various forms of transportation policies such as urban road pricing and public transportation reform, traffic volume which across the Seoul metropolitan borders have greatly increased because of housing land development in suburban area. The purpose of this study is to estimate individual's willingness-to-pay(WTP) for extensive implementation of congestion pricing through policy-mix with bus rapid transit(BRT) system. So the field survey interviews carried out. The empirical analysis was done with priority given to the following two topics; derivation of individual WTP and prior evaluation of policy effect from the equity aspect. To estimate individual WTP, we adopted contingent valuation method (CVM). The former is to estimate individual WTP for respondent's maintaining his/her transit pattern when he/she is faced with congestion pricing by using compensating variation(CV) concept. And, the latter aims at evaluating policy effect from the equity aspect by calculating the Proportion of WTP to average income using WTP in income bracket for policy scenarios.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.35-42
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• 2010

The rapid economic development induced the massive road constructions, becoming bigger and high-speed of the vehicles. However, it brings lots of social problems, such as air pollutions, traffic noise and vibration. Special concrete block for the base course of asphalt pavement is needed to decrease traffic noise such as tire's explosive and vehicles sound, applying Helmholtz Resonators theory to asphalt pavement. If it is applied to the area where it happens considerable noise such as a junction, the street of a housing complex and a residential street, it is one of considerable method to solve the social requirements of noise problem. This research examines couple of laboratory tests for the sound absorption effect of the concrete block and the base concrete block. There are specimens which is fixed hall-size, space, depth as the condition of this research, and these are analysed of noise decrease effect using different condition of the first noise of each vehicle. As a result of analysis data according to vehicle noise volume, measurement distance, a form and size of the hall using the base concrete block, the use of special concrete base showed a good alternative solution for decreasing traffic noise level, from 4 dB to 9 dB.