• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.66-80
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• 2021

This study is a case study that applies plant classification learning using machine learning to fourth graders in elementary school in online learning situations. In this study, a plant classification learning education program associated with 2015 revision science curriculum was developed by applying the Artificial Intelligence biological classification teaching Learning model. The study participants were 31 fourth graders who agreed to participate voluntarily. Plant classification learning using machine learning was applied six hours for three weeks. The results of this study are as follows. First, as a result of image analysis on artificial intelligence, participants were mainly aware of artificial intelligence as mechanical (27%), human (23%) and household goods (23%). Second, an artificial intelligence recognition survey by semantic discrimination found that artificial intelligence was recognized as smart, good, accurate, new, interesting, necessary, and diverse. Third, there was a difference between men and women in perception and emotion of artificial intelligence, and there was no difference in perception of the ability of artificial intelligence. Fourth, plant classification learning using machine learning in this study influenced changes in artificial intelligence perception. Fifth, plant classification learning using machine learning in this study had a positive effect on reasoning ability.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.164-179
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• 1991

Korean agriculture has encountered two problems. One is internal income disparity between rural and urbarn area and the other is external Uruguay Round trade problems as an abolition of direct and indirect import barriers, reduction in export subsidies and to reduce internal price supports. These problems will be brought severe farm problems such as decreasing farm household income and repressing agricultural growth in the near future. Considering the above inevitable facts Korean government has implemented several development projects such as rural industrial area development project, rural special production area development project, leisuresight seeing farm development project, traditional food development project, unskilled labor training project for off-farm employment and so on, to increase farm household income through off-farm income increase. This study was mainly concentrated on the identification of operational problems and post evaluation of the rural special production area development projects which aimed at increasing non-farm incomes and giving employment opportunity for rural farmers in small factories processing regional special farm products and mine products. The main findings and problems to be solved for the successful project implementation are as followed ; 1. Total number of the special production area development projects as of the end of 1991 was amount to 138, and total number of farm household participated were estimated at 2,079, and total amount of off-farm income per farm household was reached to 3,011 thousand won. 2. The total number of processed special products have increased from 21 items in 1981 to 56 items in 1991. On the other hand the total number of farm household participated in the projects have decreased from 2,518 to 2,079 during same period. 3. Total amount of investment for the projects has increased from 1,429 million won in 1981 to 24,760 million won in 1991 but the rate of G'T loan of the total investment has reduced from 24.5% to 5.2% during same period. 4. 138 special production area development project are classified into 6 kinds of commodity groups such as 19 of general industrial good production areas, 52 of folks-industrial art objects production areas, 39 of food processing areas, 9 of fiber and texstile processing areas, 18 of agricultural and fishery inputs processing areas and 1 of stone processing area. 5. The total production value in 1990 was estimated 20,169 million won of which export was amount to 2,627 million won. 6. The finacial rate of return of the UNGOK KUGIJA Tea processing Project operated by UNGOK coops and BAKSAN ginseng tea processing project were estimated at 45.4% (B/C Ratio=1.17, NPV=152.5 million won) and 17.7% (B/C Ratio=1.12, NPV=120.2 million won) respectively. 7. More favorite terms and condition of the loan including collateral problems have to be given to farmers participated. Heavy investment and G'T subsidy policies should be started for the successful project implementation anf farm household income increase. 8. To expand market demand of the rural special goods G'T have to provide special program of TV or other mass media for commodity propaganda and the total cost concerned must be supported by G'T subsidy. 9. The special farm products as GUGUJA,MOSI'Ramie', Ginseng. SOGOKJU,HEMP,Mushroom.DUGYUNJU and Chesnut processing projects have to be propelled and expanded for off-farm income increase in Chung Nam Province. 10. Direct operational pattern of the special production area by coops is more favorable to farmers and recommendable considering with off-farm income increase and market demand creation throughout Korea. 11. In rural area, special organizations for project appraisal are not exist. Accordingly special training program, project appraisal, formulation and preparation for civil servants concerned have to be prepared for project selection and sound implementation under limited budget and financial support.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-71
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• 2006

The main objective of this study is to analyze problems of the Country of Origin Labeling(COOL) in small live fish(SLF) trade by applying the asymmetric information theory which is called ${\ulcorner}$Lemon Market Theory${\lrcorner}$. The purpose of importing SLF is to enhance fishing household income and import substitution effect as well. SLF importation is quite different in its nature from importing general fish and fish products for final/direct consumption. SLF are imported for the purpose of domestic aquaculture and naturalization where domestic production/supply of SLF is less than domestic demand for or such species are not native to Korean waters. Information asymmetric problems arise even in SLF trade as the same way in general goods and services. However, the information asymmetry issues in SLF trade are much more complex than non-living goods because SLF are traded in the live state. To alleviate such problems the Korean government initiated the general COOL scheme to imported SLF. However, many experts argues that such policy on SLF would not be appropriate because of SLF's very nature. Applying the lemon market theory, we can analyze how information discovery schemes are able to signal correct information to SLF trading parties and to result in more symmetric information in SLF trade markets. This research carried out a case study about small live eel(SLF) trade and its farming. The results showed that applying the COOL to small live eels just right upon coming into fish farms tends to increase substantially fish farmer's income and at the same time to lower unnecessary transaction costs. In particular, such transaction costs by imposing simply the general COOL on SLF may easily outweigh its benefits. For instance, to resolve the problems, the Korean ministry of agriculture and forestry(KMAF) has developed a quite different COOL rules from the general ones and has applied them to imported live cattle and medium/small livestocks. The KMAF's differentiated COOL policy on some imported livestocks may be a good case which can be applied to imported SLF. In addition to the differentiated COOL on SLF, Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and traceability system would play crucial complementary roles in alleviating information asymmetry problems in SLF trade. Advanced fisheries tend to strengthen their SPS system rather than to adopt the general comprehensive COOL schemes into imported SLF trades and domestic market exchanges.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.21-42
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• 1998

우리나라에서 인구규모 이상으로 소매 구매력이 가장 큰 수도권 지역과 3대 도시권으로 구매력이 인구규모보다 작은 대구권 지역의 소매업 경영을 공간적으로 비교한 결과 다음과 같은 점이 밝혀졌다 첫째, 수도권 지역은 소매업의 경영규모가 크고 쇼핑재화 소매업의 구성비가 높은데 비하여, 대구권 지역은 편의재화 소매업의 구성비가 높은 것이 특징이다. 둘째, 대구권 지역은 수도권 지역보다 소매업 중심지구가 미발달되었고, 법인업체의 비율은 높으나 상용 종사자의 비율과 사업체당 연간 판매액의 비율이 낮아 소매업 경영상의 지역적 차이점을 나타내고 있다. 셋째, 수도권 지역의 중심지구는 대구권 지역의 중심지구에 비하여 편의제화와 일부 쇼핑재화를 취급하는 소매업 법인조직이 발달하였으나, 대구권 지역의 경우는 $\ulcorner$섬유, 의복, 신발 및 의복 악세사리 소매업$\lrcorner$의 법인조직과 $\ulcorner$가정용 연료 소매업$\lrcorner$의 상용 종사자 고용이 발달하였다. 그리고 수도권 지역은 $\ulcorner$가정용 연료 소매업$\lrcorner$의 상용 종사자 고용이, 대구권 지역은 $\ulcorner$개인 운수장비 소매업 및 주유소 운영업$\lrcorner$, $\ulcorner$약, 화장품 및 화공약품 소매업$\lrcorner$의 상용 종사자 고용과 $\ulcorner$음식료품 및 담배소매업$\lrcorner$의 개인경영의 발달 유무가 소매업 경영의 지역구조를 결정짓는다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.101-127
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• 2010

자연자원인 갯벌에 비시장가치평가법 중의 하나인 조건부가치평가법을 적용하여 근접효과를 검증하고자 하였다. 전국의 가구 수에 비례하여 1,000가구를 임의추출하였다. 그리고 갯벌로부터의 거주거리에 따라 30분 간격으로 I 구역에서 V구역까지 구역을 나누어서 표본을 재구성하였다. 이러한 근접효과 분석에는 모형의 적합성과 변수의 통계적 유의성을 고려하여 로그선형모형(log-linear)을 적용하였다. 일반적으로는 로짓모형이 많이 사용되지만 소득효과를 제어할 수 없기 때문에, 소득효과를 제어할 수 있는 로그선형 모형을 이용하였다. 결과를 살펴보면, 각 구간별 지불의사액의 차이를 명확하게 보여주었으며(${\theta}_1$ >0. ${\theta}_2$ >0), 또한 모형에서 더미변수들이 통계적으로 5% 유의수준에서 유의하다는 결론($dum1{\neq}0$, $dum2{\neq}0$, $dum3{\neq}0$, $dum4{\neq}0$)을 얻을 수 있었다. 실제로 개방형 설문조사에서도 I 구역 거주자들의 지불의사액이 V구역 거주자들의 지불의사액보다 약 26% 이상 크게 나타났다. 따라서 이렇게 도출된 결과로부터 비시장재화의 특징을 지닌 자연자원에 대하여 비시장가치평가법을 적용하는 경우에는 근접효과가 존재하기 때문에 설문에 이를 충분히 반영(embedded)하여야 한다는 결론을 도출하였다. 이를 통해서 좀 더 명확한 지불의사액 추정이 가능하며, 편익이전시 과소평가되는 문제를 예방할 수 있다.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.53-66
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 2009학년도부터 2016학년도까지 8년간 출제된 중등 가정교사 임용시험의 문항을 '임용 상세화 기준'을 기본 잣대로 하여 분석하는데 있다. 본 연구의 결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 8년간 출제된 문항을 분석한 결과 평가 영역 12개 중 12개, 평가내용 요소 43개 중 42개가 출제되어 평가 영역 및 평가내용 요소와 출제된 문항 간의 차이가 거의 없었다. 둘째, 8년간 출제된 각 영역은 가정과교육학 93회(32.7%), 가족생활 41회(14.4%), 소비생활 31회(11.3%), 식생활 43회(15.2%), 의생활 41회(14.4%), 주생활 34회(12.0%)로 교과내용학 기본 이수과목 및 분야별 출제 비율의 차이가 크지 않았다. 셋째, 8년간 출제 빈도가 높은 영역별 평가내용 요소를 살펴보면, 가정과교육학은 '가정과 교수학습 방법과 실제', 가족생활은 '인간 발달 과정', 소비생활은 '가계경제의 이해와 재무관리'와 '소비자 의사결정', 식생활은 '조리원리 및 실습'과 '식생활 관리', 의생활은 '의복 및 생활용품 제작', 주생활은 '주거생활 문화의 이해' 등으로 출제되었다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 평가 영역 및 내용에 설정된 모든 영역들이 균등하게 다루어져야 하며, 미시적 관점으로 질적인 문항 분석이 필요하겠다.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.159-174
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• 2017

The study uses lists of wedding gifts used from old Korean documents written in Hangeul in the western Gyungnam province during the 20th century. The study analyzed four lists of wedding gifts from the Muncheongak archive and two lists from the archive of ancient document. This analysis found that clothing accounts for the majority of the items in the lists, and items such as furniture, jewelry, household goods, and medical materials were also recorded. That the furnishings were commonly prepared by the groom's side, and the fact that the number of jeogori was higher than the number of skirt, speaks to the unique wedding custom of Gyeongsang province. While the groom's list of wedding gifts included a record of the bride's ornaments, jewelry, and furnishings in the bride's list, the groom's nickel top-knot pin was only included as an ornament. In the list of wedding gifts between brothers, the gifts for the eldest son differed from those for the third son in terms of number and price. The list of wedding gifts between father and son illustrates how economic development and changing times wedding custom. The lists of wedding gifts in the old Korean documents shed light on the oral research into 20th century wedding custom, which will be used as basic data in researching and reproducting the wedding culture and life conditions of the time.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.41-56
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• 2011

This study mainly examined the unit space (room) called 'MARI' of the private houses that were built between the 19c and the early 20c in the insular areas of southwestern sea. Generally, this region has unique historicity (restructure of the insular environment in the 17c and the 18c) and geographic environment that are different from inland regions thus the environment is presumed as a related factor to developments and structures of the private houses. 'MARI' is a noticeable space that is installed in a main building without an exception even in small 3 bedroom private houses. Its nature has location and usage distinctions in an architectural plan with similar 'MARU' of inland Jeollanam-Do. There are large crocks filled with grains at MARI. Thus, MARI is a storage room. Mostly rice and various other kinds of grains are stored in the several crocks, large and small. Many household goods are kept here as well. Another peculiar function of MARI is that this space commonly enshrines ancestral tablets of three generations. Hence, MARI takes a role of a shrine of an aristocratic house from an inland region. Considering the size of the house and space, this seems to be a very unprecedented utilization of area. MARI is located at the top (at the head of the house) on the floor plan. In other words, it is located at the space in the highest rank. The importance of ancestor worship and grains is evinced architecturally. It is really interesting fact that MARI is also located within recently built modern houses (Cheongsan Island, Joyak Island, etc.). Therefore, it can be said that the unique MARI tradition of this region has an intact continuity even today. After all, MARI has a great significance as a unique unit space of insular areas of southwestern sea that is installed in the main buildings of all houses regardless of size and shape of the houses, and their insular locations.

• 대한지구과학교육학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.134-146
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• 2020

이 연구의 목적은 초등 예비교사들은 '과학'에 대해 어떻게 이해하고 있는지를 알아보기 위한 것이다. 특히 이번 연구에서는 초등 예비교사들의 '과학'에 대한 이해를 구체적으로 알아보기 위해 포토 내러티브의 방법을 이용하였다. 포토 내러티브는 연구참여자가 이야기하고자 하는 것을 사진을 찍어 설명하는 방법을 말한다. 연구참여자는 초등 예비교사 66명이었다. 연구 결과, 첫째, 초등 예비교사들은 과학을 설명하기 위해 현상, 원리와 같은 과학적 용어뿐만 아니라, 사람, 생활, 일상과 같은 단어를 많이 사용하였다. 둘째, 초등 예비교사들이 과학을 설명하기 위해 사용한 사진에는 생활용품, 자연현상, 첨단기기, 생물 등이 있었다. 셋째, 초등 예비교사들은 과학을 학문과 지식, 탐구, 편리함, 과학의 본성 등으로 설명하고 있었다. 이러한 결과를 통해 초등 예비교사들이 과학을 생활과 밀접하고 필요한 학문으로 인식하고 있음을 알게 되었으며, 이번 연구결과가 앞으로 초중등 과학교육의 교육과정 구성 및 교과 내용 편성은 물론 교사양성을 위한 교육과정 편성에도 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.239-246
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• 2017

Recently fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites have attracted great interest from industry and study because they offer unique properties such as high strength, modulus, impact resistance, corrosion resistance, and damping reduction which are difficult to obtain in single-component materials. The demand for plastics is steadily increasing not only in household goods, packaging materials, but also in high-performance engineering plastic and recycling. As a result, the technology of recycling plastic is also attracting attention. In particular, many paper have studied recycling systems based on recycled thermoplastics. In this paper, properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic(GFRTP) materials were evaluated using recycled PET for injection molding bicycle frame. The effect on thermal and mechanical properties of recycled PET reinforced glass chop fiber according to fiber cross section and fiber content ratio were studied. And it was compared void volume and torque energy by glass fiber cross section, which is round section and flat section. Mechanical characteristics of resulting in GF/rPET has been increased by increasing fiber contents, than above a certain level did not longer increased. And mechanical properties of flat glass fiber reinforced rPET with low void volume were most excellent.