• Title/Summary/Keyword: Hierarchical cluster analysis

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Estimating the Number of Clusters using Hotelling's

  • Choi, Kyung-Mee
    • Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.305-312
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    • 2005
  • In the cluster analysis, Hotelling's $T^2$ can be used to estimate the unknown number of clusters based on the idea of multiple comparison procedure. Especially, its threshold is obtained according to the probability of committing the type one error. Examples are used to compare Hotelling's $T^2$ with other classical location test statistics such as Sum-of-Squared Error and Wilks' $\Lambda$ The hierarchical clustering is used to reveal the underlying structure of the data. Also related criteria are reviewed in view of both the between variance and the within variance.

Regional Division According to the Annual Change of Sunshine Duration in Korea (일조시간의 연변화에 따른 한국의 지역구분)

  • 문영수
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.253-263
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    • 1996
  • This study is an attempt to classify climatic regions of Korea based on the data of sunshine duration and to clarify the characteristics of sunshine for each divided regions. The data used in this study are the mean values of monthly and ten-daily sunshine duration, sunshine percentage, solar radiation and proud amount obtained from 63 weather stations of the Korea Meteorological Administration during the period of 1974~ 1993. The characteristics of annual change of sunshine percentage, annual duration of sunshine, percentage of sunshine, annual radiation, amount of cloud, days of sunshine percentage above 80% and-days of sunless are investigated by the mean values of -the stations belong to divided regions. The ward method of hierarchical cluster analysis is adopted to the analysis of data for the regional division. The results obtained in this study are summarized as follows. (1) The sunshine regions of Korea can be divided into six regions of the central west, central east, south west, souls east, Ullung-do and Cheju-do. These are strongly affected by the dirtribution of inclined slopes taking account of the topographic characteristics of Korea. (2) Annual distribution shows the sunshine duration of 1777~ 2287 hours, sunshine percentage of 40~53%, solar radiation of 3469~4637 MJ/$m^2$, cloud amount of 5.0~6.1, days of sunshine perrentage above 80% of 53~116days and sunless days of 46~71days. (3) The types of annual change of sunshine percentages is classified with four types of minimum in July and maximum in October, minimum in July and maximum in December, high in May and October and low in July and January, high in May and November and low in June and January. (4) The long-term trend of sunshine duration decrease in peninsula area but increase in island area and the Tong-term inclination of cloud amount is almost zero. The author believe this tendency is related to a pollutional turbidity than a cloud amount in inland area.

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Selecting Technique of Accident Sections using K-mean Method (K-평균법을 이용한 고속도로 사고분석구간 분할기법 개발)

  • Lee, Ki-Young;Chang, Myung-Soon
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.7 no.4 s.26
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    • pp.211-219
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    • 2005
  • A selection of the analysis section for traffic accidents is used to analyze definitely the cause of accidents sorting similar accidents by a group and to raise the effect of improvement projects deciding the priority of accidents. In the existing method, an uniformly dividing method based on road mileages has been used, which has no consideration for similarities among accidents. Consequently, in recent, a slider-length method considering accident types rather than road mileages is widely used. In this study, using K-mean method, a non-hierarchical grouping technique used in the Cluster Analysis ai a applicatory method for the slider length method, a method classifies accidents that occurred the most nearby mileages into one group is proposed. To verify the proposed method, a comparison between the f-mean method and the dividing method at regular intervals on the data of a total of 25.6km lengths along Kyung-bu freeway in Pusan direction was made so that the K-mean method was proved to an effective method considering the similarities and adjacencies of accidents.

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A News Video Mining based on Multi-modal Approach and Text Mining (멀티모달 방법론과 텍스트 마이닝 기반의 뉴스 비디오 마이닝)

  • Lee, Han-Sung;Im, Young-Hee;Yu, Jae-Hak;Oh, Seung-Geun;Park, Dai-Hee
    • Journal of KIISE:Databases
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    • v.37 no.3
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    • pp.127-136
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    • 2010
  • With rapid growth of information and computer communication technologies, the numbers of digital documents including multimedia data have been recently exploded. In particular, news video database and news video mining have became the subject of extensive research, to develop effective and efficient tools for manipulation and analysis of news videos, because of their information richness. However, many research focus on browsing, retrieval and summarization of news videos. Up to date, it is a relatively early state to discover and to analyse the plentiful latent semantic knowledge from news videos. In this paper, we propose the news video mining system based on multi-modal approach and text mining, which uses the visual-textual information of news video clips and their scripts. The proposed system systematically constructs a taxonomy of news video stories in automatic manner with hierarchical clustering algorithm which is one of text mining methods. Then, it multilaterally analyzes the topics of news video stories by means of time-cluster trend graph, weighted cluster growth index, and network analysis. To clarify the validity of our approach, we analyzed the news videos on "The Second Summit of South and North Korea in 2007".

Classification of Parents' Materialism Inclination Recognized by the Adolescents and Analysis of Their Financial Characteristics (청소년이 지각한 부모의 물질주의 성향과 그에 따른 유형 분류 및 재정적 특성 분석)

  • Hong, Eun-Sil
    • Journal of Families and Better Life
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.377-390
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    • 2008
  • This paper investigated materialism inclination of the parents recognized by the adolescents and analysed the relationships between 5 categorized types about parents' materialism inclination and financial characteristics of the adolescents. Statistical analysis was achieved by using Cronbach'$\alpha$, paired t-test, one-way ANOVA, two-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, chi-square analysis, and Ward' hierarchical cluster analysis with a total of 801 questionnaires. The results are summarized as follows: First, the adolescents felt that calculated points of father and mother's materialism inclination were lower than median points and mother's inclination for materialism was higher than that of father. Second, five categories were classified according to materialism inclination of parents. First classified category was the type which showed both parents had little interest in materials and the second category was the type which father had strong interest in materials. The third one was the type which mother had strong interest in materials. The last two categories were the ones which both parents had much interest in materials. Final result of this study revealed that attitudes of the adolescents for materialism and money were higher for those whose parents had strong interest in materialism than those whose parents had little materialism interest. They showed not only the behaviors of impulsive and overspending consumption but also low financial satisfaction and high financial stress.

Analysis of Pattern Shape and Types for Non-woven Protective Coverall on Domestic Market (시판 부직포 전신 보호복의 패턴형상 및 유형분석)

  • Moon, Jeehyun;Jeon, Eunkyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.40 no.2
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    • pp.273-286
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    • 2016
  • Protective coveralls are very uncomfortable to work in comparison to ordinary top and bottom separated clothing. A pattern maker has to consider the size of the human body and human motion range when designing protective coverall patterns. It is difficult to produce well-fitted coveralls because of the lack of readymade patterns despite the increased need for protective coveralls at various jobs. Patterns are decomposed by unsewing 18 products in the domestic market to provide the fundamental information on developing patterns for protective coveralls. The characteristics and differences of pattern types are compared after grouping patterns with information taken from the analysis of the shapes and measurements of patterns from the acquired patterns. The results of the analysis showed that on-market protective coveralls were less curved but much linear when compared to ordinary clothing patterns; however, the breasts and crotch circumferences were very loose and bulky, which is quite different from the other all-in one style working clothes. For the pattern shapes, patterns are classified into waistline-seamed and bustline-seamed types. The result of the hierarchical cluster analysis with 27 measurement variables were classified into four groups. Types by shape and measurements were related to each other; therefore, we expect the information of each type to be used in developing protective clothing patterns.

A Study on the Asia Container Ports Clustering Using Hierarchical Clustering(Single, Complete, Average, Centroid Linkages) Methods with Empirical Verification of Clustering Using the Silhouette Method and the Second Stage(Type II) Cross-Efficiency Matrix Clustering Model (계층적 군집분석(최단, 최장, 평균, 중앙연결)방법에 의한 아시아 컨테이너 항만의 클러스터링 측정 및 실루엣방법과 2단계(Type II) 교차효율성 메트릭스 군집모형을 이용한 실증적 검증에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Ro-Kyung
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.31-70
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    • 2021
  • The purpose of this paper is to measure the clustering change and analyze empirical results, and choose the clustering ports for Busan, Incheon, and Gwangyang ports by using Hierarchical clustering(single, complete, average, and centroid), Silhouette, and 2SCE[the Second Stage(Type II) cross-efficiency] matrix clustering models on Asian container ports over the period 2009-2018. The models have chosen number of cranes, depth, birth length, and total area as inputs and container TEU as output. The main empirical results are as follows. First, ranking order according to the efficiency increasing ratio during the 10 years analysis shows Silhouette(0.4052 up), Hierarchical clustering(0.3097 up), and 2SCE(0.1057 up). Second, according to empirical verification of the Silhouette and 2SCE models, 3 Korean ports should be clustered with ports like Busan Port[ Dubai, Hong Kong, and Tanjung Priok], and Incheon Port and Gwangyang Port are required to cluster with most ports. Third, in terms of the ASEAN, it would be good to cluster like Busan (Singapore), Incheon Port (Tanjung Priok, Tanjung Perak, Manila, Tanjung Pelpas, Leam Chanbang, and Bangkok), and Gwangyang Port(Tanjung Priok, Tanjung Perak, Port Kang, Tanjung Pelpas, Leam Chanbang, and Bangkok). Third, Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test of models shows that all P values are significant at an average level of 0.852. It means that the average efficiency figures and ranking orders of the models are matched each other. The policy implication is that port policy makers and port operation managers should select benchmarking ports by introducing the models used in this study into the clustering of ports, compare and analyze the port development and operation plans of their ports, and introduce and implement the parts which required benchmarking quickly.

A Study on the Analysis of Fabric Trend Terms and Finishing - Women's Wear Fabrics for Spring/Summer Seasons for 10 Years(1995~2004) - (소재 트렌드를 표현하는 소재 가공 분석 - 10년간(1995~2004) 봄.여름용 여성복 소재를 중심으로 -)

  • Kim, Dong-Woon;Park, Chung-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.31 no.2 s.161
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    • pp.217-224
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    • 2007
  • This paper investigated spring/summer fabric trends of women's and analyzed the correlation between the fabric trends and finishing for 10 years (1995 S/S-2004 S/S). Fabric trend terms were selected from 5 fashion journals and were grouped by hierarchical cluster analysis using SPSS 12.0 statistical package. Also, finishing terms were selected and analyzed by frequency. The results showed that 13 representative fabric trend terms were clean, functional, lustrous, compact, rubbery, comfortable, chic, romantic, decorative, natural, fluid, textured, and ethnic trend. In terms of fabric finishing, 12 representative finishing were selected such as coating, calendaring, wrinkle finishing, decorative finishing, quilting, and washing. Finally, in respect of the analysis of fabric trends and finishing, washing and embroidery were used to represent ethnic trends and textured fabric was closely correlated wrinkle and decorative finishing. Fluid fabrics were expressed via wrinkle and coating and washing and wrinkle were used for natural feeling. Decorative fabric was expressed by embroidery and coating and decorative finishing were frequently used to show romantic and chic fabric. Also comfortable fabrics were correlated with easy care and rubbery, compact, lustrous, and clean fabrics were correlated with coating.

The Impact of Unfair Trade Restrictions on Corporate Behavior and Financial Performance of Pharmaceutical Companies: The Dual Punishment System in Korea

  • Kim, Hyun-jung;Noh, Jin-Won;Hong, Jin Hyuk;Kwon, Young Dae
    • International Journal of Contents
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.76-82
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    • 2016
  • This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the dual-punishment system by analysis of the financial performance of pharmaceutical companies before and after introduction of the dual-punishment system. This study analyzed the business performance of 136 pharmaceutical companies from 2009 to 2011. The results from paired t-tests found that sales, operating cost, and EBITDA showed significant differences in performance, and, according to the variance analysis, the five groups obtained through a hierarchical cluster analysis differed from each other in sales, operating cost, EBITDA, and research and development cost. Differences in financial performance among the groups seem to be related to the strategy for response to the regulation. The introduction of the dual-punishment system is generally acknowledged to have had positive effects on the pharmaceutical industry. However, some companies appear to be continuing kickback practices.

Classification and Analysis according to the Luxury - Frugality Consumption of Female Consumers (여성소비자의 사치 - 검약소비 유형분류 및 특성분석)

  • Hong, Eunsil
    • Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.99-116
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    • 2013
  • The purpose of this research is to explore the levels of luxury-frugality consumption of the female consumers and classify their types on luxury-frugality consumption behaviors. Total of 479 on-line questionnaires were surveyed nationwide for this research in February, 2012. Statistical analysis was achieved by using t-test, one-way ANOVA, Duncan's multiple range test, ${\chi}^2$, and Ward' hierarchical cluster analysis with a total of 479 questionnaires. The research results are summarized as follows: First, the overall luxury-frugality consumption average mark of female consumers was 2.44. Second, all surveyed female consumers were classified into four types based on the means scores of two dimension luxury-frugality consumption behaviors. A total 26.51% of female consumers belonged to Type 1 (named as luxury consumption group) where females scored high points on two dimension luxury consumption behaviors. Type 2 (named as excessive consumption group) occupied 32.78% and this group scored low on the luxurious consumption but high on the overconsumption. Type 3 (named as prefer prestige group) occupied 28.39% and this group scored low on the overconsumption but high on the luxurious consumption. Type 4 (named as frugal consumption group) had 12.32% of females whose scores of two dimension luxury-frugality consumption behaviors were low.