• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.5-32
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of organizational culture types (rational culture, developmental culture, group culture, and hierarchical culture) on Community-Centered Social Inclusion Orientation(COSI) among social service organizations for people with disabilities. More specifically, this study developed and empirically tested two theoretical models where each of organizational culture types were hypothesized to affect COSI either directly or indirectly through market orientation. For data collection, self-administered type questionnaires were mailed to 416 social service organizations for people with disabilities across the nation and 293 responded (response rate: 70.4%) from June 1 to September 22, 2006. For analysis, however, only 263 respondents were used, excluding Independent living centers due to their small size and short history. Structural Equation Modeling was employed for analysis and Full Information Maximum Likelihood was used for estimation. Findings indicated that market orientation had a significant effect on COSI. In addition, developmental culture and hierarchical culture were found to affect COSI directly while rational culture and group culture were found to affect COSI indirectly through market orientation. These findings imply that market orientation needs to be emphasized as a strategy in order to enhance social inclusion orientation for those organizations. Given that all the four types of organizational culture have direct or indirect impacts on COSI, those organizations are also advised to develop the four types of organizational culture harmoniously rather than one single type of organizational culture.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.157-168
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• 2014

From a complex systems perspective, ecohydrological systems in forests may be characterized with (1) large networks of components which give rise to complex collective behaviors, (2) sophisticated information processing, and (3) adaptation through self-organization and learning processes. In order to demonstrate such characteristics, we applied the recently proposed 'process networks' approach to a temperate deciduous forest in Gwangneung National Arboretum in Korea. The process network analysis clearly delineated the forest ecohydrological systems as the hierarchical networks of information flows and feedback loops with various time scales among different variables. Several subsystems were identified such as synoptic subsystem (SS), atmospheric boundary layer subsystem (ABLS), biophysical subsystem (BPS), and biophysicochemical subsystem (BPCS). These subsystems were assembled/disassembled through the couplings/decouplings of feedback loops to form/deform newly aggregated subsystems (e.g., regional subsystem) - an evidence for self-organizing processes of a complex system. Our results imply that, despite natural and human disturbances, ecosystems grow and develop through self-organization while maintaining dynamic equilibrium, thereby continuously adapting to environmental changes. Ecosystem integrity is preserved when the system's self-organizing processes are preserved, something that happens naturally if we maintain the context for self-organization. From this perspective, the process networks approach makes sense.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.6027-6035
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine influential factors for the transition to college life and career identity of nursing students and what changes social support from parents brought about to them by academic year. The subjects in this study were 542 selected students who majored in nursing in four-year universities located in Seoul and the provinces. A self-administered survey was conducted to find out their general characteristics, social support from fathers and mothers, college adjustment and career identity. A hierarchical regression analysis was made to determine how social support from parents affected the college adjustment and career identity of the nursing students. Social support from parents had an impact on their college adjustment and career identity. The factors that affected college adjustment were academic year, satisfaction level with major and emotional support from mothers, and the factors that impacted on career identity were academic year, satisfaction level with major and informative support from fathers. In order to facilitate the college adjustment of nursing students, professors should try to develop efficient learning methods, meet with parents to inform them of the necessity of social support, share information on the major field of study and learning methods, and provide an opportunity for students to communicate with graduates or students who are years ahead of them in college so that they could have a better understanding of majoring in nursing.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.15C no.1
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• pp.37-44
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• 2008

In order to minimize the signaling delay for a resource reservation on the new routing path after the handover of Mobile Node(MN) is completed, it is important to discover the crossover node where the old and new routing paths meet. With the 크로스오버 노드 being found, the signaling messages only need to be transferred on the changed part of the end-to-end path. The crossover node is generally discovered using the end-to-end Session ID(SID) of the established session between MN and Correspondent Node(CN). However, in the Hierarchical Mobile IPv6(HMIPv6) network, if the Mobile Anchor Point (MAP) reserves the resource by aggregate with the Home Agent(HA), the crossover node discovery cannot be performed in the general way since the aggregate SID that has established between the previous MAP and HA is different from the that of the current MAP and HA after MN's handover. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to discover the crossover node within the tunnel between the MAP and the HA in an HMIPv6 network, assuming that the Next Steps in Signaling(NSIS) is deployed for the resource reservation and the aggregate reservation is applied over the MAP and HA tunnel. The local repair required for the change of path is performed upon the crossover node discovery. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme reduces the signaling delay for the reservation and outperforms the existing scheme with respect to throughput during the handover.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.201-212
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• 2002

This paper proposes a reconfigurable scheduler model that can support various real-time scheduling algorithms. The proposed model consists of two hierarchical upper and lower components, task scheduler and scheduling framework, respectively. The scheduling framework provides a job dispatcher and software timers. The task scheduler implements an appropriate scheduling algorithm, which supports a specific real-time application, based on the scheduling framework. If system developers observe internal kernel interfaces to communicate between two hierarchical components, they can implement a new scheduling algorithm independent of complex low kernel mechanism. Once a task scheduler is developed, it can be reused in a new real-time system in future. In Real-Time Linux (5), we implemented the proposed scheduling framework and several representative real-time scheduling algorithms. Throughout these implementations, we confirmed that a new scheduling algorithm could be developed independently without updates of complex low kernel modules. In order to confirm efficiency of the proposed model, we measured the performance of representative task schedulers. The results showed that the scheduling overhead of proposed model, which has two separated components, is similar to that of a classic monolithic kernel scheduler.

• Korean Journal of Comparative Education
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.31-53
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• 2016

This study aims to examine the effects of student's individual background and school factors on global citizenship and to provide some suggestions to improve global citizenship education in Korea. To achieve this purpose, we used International Civic and Citizenship Education Study (ICCS) 2009 data which studied student knowledge and understanding of civics and citizenship as well as student perceptions, and attitudes related to civics and citizenship from 38 countries. The data was analyzed with a 2-level Hierarchical Linear Model. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. Girls had more positive attitudes than boys toward gender equality and equal rights for different ethnic groups and immigrants. This study also showed that the level of student's global citizenship depended on whether home language was different from test language. Parental educational attainment and parental occupational status generally affected the level of student's global citizenship and students' interest in political and social issues appeared to be strongly affected by their parents. These findings suggest that parents play important role in improving global citizenship. At the school level, teacher-student relationships and the value of student participation had positive effects on global citizenship. Therefore, in order to implement global citizenship education in schools, it is necessary to consider the change of school climate.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.8
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• pp.560-569
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• 2019

This study examined the factors influencing the burnout of correctional workers via a survey conducted in February 2018 for the employees working at the Korea Rehabilitation Agency. The final analysis used data from 290 survey responses. In order to investigate the factors affecting burnout, personal and job-related characteristics, job stress, and interpersonal stress factors were analysed. For the analysis, Baslach burnout scale, Korean occupational stress scale (KOSS), Korean interpersonal relationship stress (KIRS), descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were all used. The correlation analysis showed statistically significant relationships between the factors(p<.01). From the regression analysis results, the influences of job stress (job demand ${\beta}=.308$, p<.001, degree of autonomy ${\beta}=.124$, p<.001, relationship conflict ${\beta}=.169$, p<.001) and interpersonal stress (relationships with supervisors ${\beta}=.402$, p<.001, relationships with clients ${\beta}=.155$, p<.01) were stronger than job-related characteristics (employment type, working hours, working years) and personal characteristics (gender ${\beta}=.173$, p<.01). Although personal and job-related characteristics influence the workers' burnout, levels of job stress and interpersonal stress affect burnout levels more strongly. Based on the study results, further study and suggestions for reducing the burnout of the correctional workers were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.343-351
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of work environmental factors and self-compassion on the burnout of school counselors. The subjects of this study were 312 school counselors under the D District Office of Education participated. In order to examine the effects of individual, organizational, and self-compassion factors on burnout, correlation and hierarchical regression were applied. Individual factors were gender, age, health status, and personal hobbies. Organizational factors were employment type, working hours, and job satisfaction. Self-compassion and burnout were measured using the Korean version of self-compassion and Baslach burnout instruments. The correlation analysis showed that the three factors are correlated with each other. In the hierarchical regression analysis, three models were developed as personal, organizational, and self-compassion factors. The results of regression analysis are as follows. The influence of self-compassion on burnout was stronger than the organizational factor (i.e., employment type, working time, job satisfaction) and the personal factor (i.e., age, health status, hobby). There were no significant differences between genders. This study results suggest that self-compassion can reduce a level of burnout significantly, although personal and organizational factors have a significant impact on burnout. Further study and suggestions for reducing the level of burnout of school counselors were discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.795-804
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the dementia knowledge, attitudes and preventive behaviors of hemodialysis patients. The participants were 128 hemodialysis patients at the Artificial Kidney Center in G hospital of P city. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires from September 22 to October 10, 2017. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient and Hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Dementia knowledge was significantly different by education level (F=4.58, p<.01). The attitude toward dementia was different by age (F=3.08, p<.05) and education level (F=6.64, p<.01). The preventive behaviors were different by gender (t=-2.30, p<.05). Dementia knowledge was positively correlated with attitude toward to dementia (r=.189, p<.05) and attitude toward dementia was positively correlated with preventive behaviors (r=.280, p<.01). The influencing factor for preventive behaviors was attitude toward dementia (${\beta}=.319$, p<.01). Therefore, in order to promote dementia preventive behaviors in hemodialysis patients, an education program should be developed to improve dementia knowledge and positive attitude toward dementia.

• Journal of Family Relations
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.53-80
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate individual awareness variables influencing emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions of unmarried men and women. Independent variables were values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, perceptions and availabilities of marriage-related policies, views on the marriageable age, psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by significant people, and views on parents' support for marriage fund. Method: 553 unmarried men and women in Daegu, Korea were surveyed, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, factor analysis, multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA), multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis with SPSS 22.0. Results: First, this study was more exploratory and in-depth approach to marriage intentions than precedent studies. The sub factors of marriage intentions were emotional, normative, and functional marriage ones. Second, emotional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage personally or by friends influenced emotional marriage intention. Third, normative marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, religion, occupational status, employment condition, dating, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, values of offspring, perception to unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, view on the marriageable age, availabilities of marriage-related information offering policies, and psychological burdens of pressure to marriage by mother influenced normative marriage intention. Fourth, functional marriage intention showed significant differences depending on gender, job, parents' support for marriage fund, views on the marriageable age, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Among the individual awareness variables, functional marriage intention was influenced by values of offspring, perception about unmarried life, attitudes toward multiple role planning, and degree of acceptance of parents' support for marriage fund. Finally, the hierarchical regression analysis showed that individual awareness variables influenced on marriage intentions. Especially, values of offspring, perceptions to unmarried, and attitudes toward multiple role planning influenced on emotional, normative, and functional marriage intentions in common. Conclusions: The findings from these analyses suggest that the selective process based on the individual awareness has become very significant to having marriage intentions. Therefore, this study will contribute as the basic data on national marriage-related policies. Furthermore, this study will be able to use to think about the marriage intention as a task to be preceded by the national policy in order to prepare for Korea 's low fertility and aging phenomenon.