• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.231-242
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• 2019

The aim of this study was the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level among Korean adults using data from the '6th(2013-2014) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey'. The data used in this study were analyzed for 3,565 people who were over the age of 19 ages and checked vitamin D level and consumption frequencies of vitamin D rich foods among 15,568 respondents to the '6th(2013-2014) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey'. The subjects were divided into four groups: None group(non-smoking and non-alcohol drinking), smoking only group, alcohol drinking only group and both group (smoking and alcohol drinking). The mean serum vitamin D level of the subjects was $16.5{\pm}0.20ng/mL$ and 73.5% of vitamin D levels were insufficient and deficiency. The results from hierarchical multiple logistic regression showed that the Odds ratio for insufficient vitamin D due to smoking and alcohol drinking were significantly higher in the smoking only group 2.281(95% CI 1.080-4.817)times and both group 1.356(95% CI 1.010-1.922)times than none group. Our results showed the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level was significant in Korean adults. Future studies, such as a more systematic cohort study investigating the relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level may be helpful in confirming the causal relationship between smoking, alcohol drinking and vitamin D level.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.65-83
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of smartphone usage types and excessive expectation for smartphone on adolescents' smartphone overdependence. It utilized the data of 3,454 adolescents (1,758 males and 1,696 females), aged between 13 and 19 from a smartphone overdependence survey of the National Information Society Agency. As a result of the hierarchical multiple regression analysis, age and household income had a negative effect on smartphone overdependence. Weekly smartphone usage time positively affected the serious consequences (sub-factor of smartphone overdependence). Among the different types of smartphone usage, information seeking, SNS, gaming, and the excessive expectation for smartphones had positive impact on smartphone overdependence. Smartphone usage for leisure seeking did not affect smartphone overdependence, but it negatively influenced serious consequences. Messenger use did not affect smartphone overdependence, but the use had a positive effect on salience, and a negative effect on serious consequences. The results of this study suggest that it is necessary to identify the types of smartphone use as well as the usage time to understand the smartphone dependence of adolescents. In addition, it seems necessary to recognize and correct the irrational excessive expectation for smartphone in order to prevent dependence and implement effective interventions.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2019

Objective : The objective of this study is to determine the effects of fear of Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) on socio-psychological health during an outbreak of MERS and the post-traumatic stress as a mediator on the relationship between stress and socio-psychological health. Methods : Visual Analog Scale, Impact of Event Scale -Revised, Psychosocial well-being index short form was implemented for 150 medical persons who worked at the hospital in which exposure to MERS cases had been confirmed and 96 ordinary people. A Pearson correlation coefficient and a hierarchical multiple regression was carried out to confirm the effect of fear of MERS and the mediating effect of post-traumatic stress between fear and socio-psychological health. Results : The higher the fear, the lower the socio-psychological health in both healthcare workers and the public (r=0.32, p<0.01) and the higher post-traumatic stress (r=0.32, p<0.01). But, the research results showed that only healthcare workers had a partially mediating effect of post-traumatic stress in the relationship between fear and socio-psychological health (${\beta}=0.45$, t=6.33 p<0.001), (${\beta}$ value : 0.39>0.26). Conclusion : This study demonstrated that the post-traumatic stress can indirectly lead to a negative effect on the socio-psychological health of healthcare workers when under the fear of MERS and shows adverse effects on psycho-social wellbeing. This suggests that clinical intervention and psycho-social approach aiming at reducing post-traumatic stress is important to maintain mental health during crisis development.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.259-269
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• 2019

This study analyzed convergent factors related to self-leadership of female freshmen in health majors studying TOEIC. The survey was conducted from April 29, 2019 to May 10, 2019 using unregistered self-administered questionnaire for 201 female freshmen in health majors and they were randomly selected from TOEIC class in college located in J city. The results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis show the following. The self-leadership of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which self-competence is higher, a group in which subdivision task self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy is higher, and a group in which subdivision chance of locus control from locus of control is lower. Their explanatory power was 49.7%. The results of the study indicate that the efforts to manage self-competence, self-efficacy, and locus of control are required to improve the self-leadership of female freshmen in health majors studying TOEIC. These results can be used for academic counseling guidance to enhance self-leadership of female freshmen in health majors studying TOEIC. In the future research, it is necessary to establish and analyze a structural equation model that affects self-leadership of male and female college students in health majors studying TOEIC.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.313-320
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• 2019

This paper was attempted to identify the convergent factors related to the state anxiety of Female Administrative Staff in Medical Institutions(FASMI). For randomly selected 226 FASMI at 27 medical institutions in J region, from July 4, 2018 to July 25, 2018, we conducted an anonymous self-administered questionnaires. As a result of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the state anxiety of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which subjective happiness is lower, a group in which cynicism, sub-areas of job burnout are higher, a group in which psychosocial stress is higher, the explanatory power of them was 57.3%. In conclusion, in order to lower the state anxiety of FASMI, it is necessary to increase subjective happiness, lower cynicism, which is a sub-area of job burnout, and to lower psychosocial stress. These results could be used in hospital job management and mental health education to lower the level of state anxiety in FASMI. Future research needs to develop and interpret a structural equation model that affects the state anxiety of FASMI.

• Korean Journal of Child Education & Care
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.59-73
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• 2019

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the moderating effect of mothers' play support beliefs on the relation between mothers' insecure attachment and children's playfulness. Methods: The research participants of this study include 254 children aged 3 to 5, who attended kindergartens and day care centers located in Seoul, Gyeonggi and Chung-cheong, and their 254 mothers. For data analyses, descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multiple regression were conducted using SPSS 23.0 program. Results: First, there was negative association between mothers' insecure attachment and play support beliefs. Social spontaneity and expression of joy were negatively related to mothers' insecure attachment. However, mothers' play support beliefs showed positive associations with children's playfulness, particularly including children's physical spontaneity and expression of joy. In addition, mothers' play support beliefs moderated the relation between mothers' insecure attachment and children's expression of joy. However, the beliefs did not moderate the relation between mothers' insecure attachment and other playfulness traits. Conclusion/Implications: The findings of the present study indicate that mothers' understanding of the importance of play may buffer the adverse effect of mothers' insecure attachment on children's capabilities of expressing their sense of pleasure.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.159-166
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• 2019

This paper investigated convergent factors to turnover intention among some Administrative Staff in Medical Institutions(ASMI). The survey used self-administered questionnaires for 320 administrative staffs of 27 medical institutions in the J region, selected arbitrarily from July 2, 2018 to July 27, 2018. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis shows the following results. The turnover intention of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which organizational commitment is lower, a group in which organizational loyalty is higher, a group in which exhaustion, cynicism, reduced professional efficacy, sub-areas of job burnout are higher. The results show explanatory power of 50.9%. The results of the study indicate that the efforts, to increase organizational commitment and organizational loyalty, and to decrease exhaustion, cynicism, reduced professional efficacy, sub-areas of job burnout, are required to improve the turnover intention among ASMI. These results could be used in hospital organization personnel management and industrial health education to lower the level of turnover intention in ASMI, vocational aptitude education of health care college students. In following studies, it is necessary to present and analyze the structural model affecting the turnover intention of ASMI.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.257-266
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• 2019

This study investigates convergent factors related with communication competency of some health majors students in studying for TOEIC. The questionnaire was used using an unregistered self-administered questionnaire for 280 health majors students in TOEIC class from college located in J area from November 1, 2018 to November 30, 2018. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis shows the following results. The communication competency of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which ego-resilience is higher, a group in which inkling is higher, and a group in which self-leadership is higher. The results show explanatory power of 57.0%. The results of the study indicate that the efforts, to increase ego-resilience, inkling and self-leadership are required to improve the communication competency among health majors students in studying for TOEIC. These results can be used to develop and operate educational resources and support programs that improve communication competency of health majors students in studying for TOEIC. Future research requires presentation and analysis of structural models considering factors affecting communication competency and correlation with TOEIC scores of health majors students in studying for TOEIC.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.219-227
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• 2019

This study examined the convergent relationship of stress factors related to the depression level(CES-D) of a college student. The questionnaire was used using an unregistered self-administered questionnaire for 304 students from a college located in J area from Nov. 12, 2018 to Dec. 14, 2018. The hierarchical multiple regression analysis results are as follows: The depression level of respondents turned out to be significantly higher in following groups: a group in which job seeking stress(CMI) is higher, a group in which academic burnout(MBI-SS) is higher, a group in which anxiety(BAI) are higher. The results show explanatory power of 60.7%. The results of the study indicate that the efforts, to decrease job seeking stress, to decrease academic burnout and, to decrease anxiety, are required to decrease the depression level among college students. These results can be utilized in various interventional efforts for academic counseling and guidance, job counseling, and psychological and emotional stability that lowers the depression level in college students. Following studies requires the presentation and analysis of structural models for the structural model that effects the depression levels of college students.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.387-394
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the moderated effects of emotional intelligence on the relationship between transition shock and adaptation on clinical practice among nursing students. Subjects were 185 associate nursing students associate nursing students(3rd). The data were collected using self -report questionnaire from May 1 to June 14, 2019. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation and hierarchical multiple regression with SPSS/WIN 23.0. Mean point of transition shock(4 point scale) was 2.32. Mean point of emotional intelligence(5 point scale) was 3.61, and adaptation on clinical practice(5 point scale) was 3.40. Transition shock were significantly negative correlation with emotional intelligence(r=-.26. p <.001) and adaptation on clinical practice(r=-.43. p <.001) in nursing students. Emotional intelligence were significantly positive correlation with adaptation on clinical practice(r=.36. p <.001). Emotional intelligence has been shown to modulate the relationship between transition shock shock and adaptation on clinical practice(${\Delta}R^2=0.21$, p <.001). Therefore, to decrease the transition shock and to increase the adaptation on clinical practice of nursing students, It is necessary to develop the program for increase emotional intelligence of nursing students.