• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.355-367
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to identify the predictors of the quality of life in community dwelling vulnerable older women with chronic joint pain. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 234 participants registered at a visiting health care service in the public health center of C-city. The structured questionnaire were used to collect data on the general characteristics, pain rating index, pain intensity, perceived health status, functional independence, sleep pattern, depression, and quality of life from February 16 to March 13, 2017. The data were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The significant factors of the quality of life including general characteristics were depression (${\beta}=-.60$, p<.001), pain intensity scale (${\beta}=-.15$, p=.007), health insurance type (${\beta}=.15$, p=.001), perceived health status (${\beta}=.14$, p=.007), duration of pain (${\beta}=-.10$, p=.019), marital status (${\beta}=.10$, p=.024), and functional independence (${\beta}=.09$, p=.036). These factors accounted for 63.1% of the total variance in the quality of life. The findings suggest that a public healthcare program on managing depression is effective in improving the quality of life in community dwelling older women with chronic joint pain. Public health nurses should intervene in nursing care for economically vulnerable aged and pain management based on a precise assessment from the beginning of pain.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.6728-6738
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• 2014

This study investigated the relationship among pain, depression and activities of daily living in nursing home residents. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire survey of residents at 4 nursing homes in S city. The measures were the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Discomfort Scale-Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (DS-DAT) for self-reported and observational pain, Geriatric Depression Scale Short Form-Korea Version (GDSSF-K) for depression, Barthel Activities of Daily Living (BADL) scale for ADL. The data were analyzed using the Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression using the SPSS/PC 20.0 program. The analysis results of the relationship of pain, depression and activities of daily living, both DS-DAT and NRS showed a significant negative correlation with the activities of daily living and a positive correlation with depression. Finally, gender, arthritis, depression, and activities of daily living explained 28.1% of the variance in pain using NRS, whereas depression and activities of daily living explained 21.5% of the variance in pain using DS-DAT. The results highlight the need to develop a pain management program that reduces the depression and promotes the activities of daily living in nursing home residents; hence, a differentiated approach as non-pharmacological interventions is required.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.111-119
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• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of stress on psychosocial wellbeing at the time of an outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome(MERS) and to investigate the effect of resilience as a mediator on the relationship between stress and psychosocial wellbeing. Methods : Perceived Stress Scale, Psychosocial Wellbeing Index Short Form, and the Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale was implemented for 156 medical persons who worked at the hospital in which exposure to MERS cases had been confirmed and 127 ordinary people. We conducted a Pearson correlation coefficient and a hierarchical multiple regression to confirm the effect of stress on psychosocial wellbeing and the mediating effect of resilience between stress and psychosocial wellbeing. Results : The higher the perceived stress, the lower the psychosocial wellbeing in both healthcare workers and the public. The higher the perceived stress, the lower the resilience and the research results showed that there was a partially mediating effect of resilience in the relationship between stress and psychosocial wellbeing. Conclusions : This study demonstrated that the degree of individual resilience can indirectly give a positive effect on the psychosocial wellbeing when people under the stress by MERS shows adverse effects on psychosocial wellbeing. This suggests that clinical intervention and psychosocial approach aiming at strengthening resilience is important to maintain mental health during crisis development.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3794-3803
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationships between emotional labour and depressive symptoms among nurses in university hospitals. Subjects were 514 nurses working at three university hospitals in Daejeon City, and the survey was a structured self- administered questionnaire based from April 1 until May 31 2012. As a results, the level of depressive symptoms by the subjects emotional labour level was significantly higher in the group with higher total average points of the emotional labour than the lower group, As for the correlation between the level of depressive symptoms and emotional labour factors, the depressive symptoms points showed significant positive correlation with the total points of the emotional labour. As a result of hierarchical multiple regression, age, leisure time, coffee consumption, subjective health status, physical burden of work, sense of satisfaction at work, fit to the job and emotional labour were selected as significant variables and related variables effecting the level of depressive symptoms. These variables' descriptive power was 39.4%, especially, it can be seen that 11.0% descriptive power increased by putting the emotional labor variables. The results above imply that there is significant relation between emotional labor and depressive symptoms and various variables such as socio-demographic characteristics, health-related behavior factors and job-related factors. Also, it can be seen that the emotional labour and depressive symptoms showed significant positive correlation. Therefore, the development and implementation of a program to control emotional labor appropriately should be required for lowering the level of depressive symptoms.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the mediating effects of coping on the impact of life stress on depression, subjective well-being and psychological well-being in nursing students. Self-report questionnaires were used to collect data from 147 nursing students. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression. Nursing students who had a higher level of depression had a higher level of life stress, as well as a higher frequency of avoidance coping. Conversely, those who had a higher level of subjective well-being and psychological well-being had a lower level of life stress, as well as a lower frequency of avoidance coping. There were also significant positive correlations between psychological well-being and problem solving coping. The results showed that avoidance coping partially mediated the effects of life stress on depression, subjective well-being and psychological well-being. The results suggest that it is necessary to offer stress management programs to reduce avoidance coping, with additional consideration of life stress and coping strategies, to prevent depression and improve well-being among nursing students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.8
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• pp.195-204
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with smartphone dependence among adults in their 20s. The data were derived from the 2017 Survey on Smartphone Over-dependence conducted by the Ministry of Science and ICT and the National Information Society Agency. There were 3,684 participants. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and weighted hierarchical multiple regression analysis. For the results, factors related with higher smartphone dependence of participants were duration (β=.18, p=.000) and frequency (β=.04, p=.000) of usage, gaming (β=.15, p=.000), watching videos (β=.09, p=.000), mobile shopping (β=.05, p=.000), working (β=.05, p=.010), e-mailing (β=.13, p=.000), and sports betting (β=.07, p=.000). Music (β=-.07, p=.000) and adult content (β=-.07, p=.000) significantly reduced their smartphone dependence. SNS (Social Networking Services) (β=.01, p=.358) and instant messengers (β=-.02, p=.330) were not factors related to smartphone dependence. However, instant messengers were the most used by participants and had a strong correlation with working (r=.55, p=.000). This study shows that smartphone usage patterns related with smartphone dependence among adults in their 20s are different from those of children and adolescents. These results could be used to more deeply understand smartphone dependence among adults in their 20s and plan early detection and prevention and care of dependence.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.93-104
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• 2018

Purpose - This study is to investigate the relationship among emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job stress of foreign life insurance consultants focusing on the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Regarding job security, in general foreign life insurance companies in Korea have more severe working conditions in terms of required contract performance. For foreign life insurance consultants, they are assumed to need higher level of emotional intelligence and self efficacy to meet the conditions. In this study, focus is cast on these aspects. Research design, data, and methodology - Basically the research is conducted upon questionnaires responded by foreign life insurance consultants. That is, data are collected from 255 sample of insurance consultants who work for a foreign owned life insurance company. The Questionnaire measure the level of emotional intelligence, self-efficacy and job stress of insurance consultants. The data are analyzed using pearson's correlation coefficient and hierarchical multiple regression, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Durbin-Watson test. Results - The general characteristics of respondents are gender, age, marital status, education level, income monthly, career length, change jobs no, working day per week, call no. per week, meeting no. with client per week, contract regularity, contract no. per month and cancellation contract per year. The mean of emotional intelligence is 2.63, self-efficacy is 3.44 and job stress is 2.20. Emotional intelligence is composed with mean value of self emotion appraisal(3.93), other's emotion appraisal(3.78), regulation of emotion(3.29) and use of emotion(3.52). The mean of self efficacy is composed with mean value of self-confidence(3.41), self-regulated efficacy(3.59) and preference task difficulty(3.30). The job stress is composed with mean value of job requirement(2.61), lack of job autonomy(1.99), conflict of personal relations(1.99), job instability(2.38), organizational system(2.19) and inappropriate compensation(2.07). There is a significant positive correlation between emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. The emotional intelligence and self-efficacy are significantly negative correlation with job stress. The self-efficacy is showed a mediating variable between emotional intelligence and job stress. Conclusions - To decrease job stress level, foreign life insurance company should find the factors to improve the emotional intelligence and self-efficacy of life insurance consultants, and develop appropriate plans using a mediating role of self- efficacy between emotional intelligence and job stress.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.606-620
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to identify whether college students' self-discrepancy has an effect on their well-being and to verify the moderating effect of social support on the relation between self-discrepancy and well-being. For this study, the preliminary research was conducted in the way that questionnaire tests on self-discrepancy, well-being, and social support were administered to 587 college students in Busan and Gyeongnam province. The test results were analyzed by means of SPSS 21.0 program. First, average and standard deviation were analyzed to examine the general characteristics of self-discrepancy, well-being and social support. Second, correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between variables. Third, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to examine the moderating effect of social support on the relation between self-discrepancy and well-being. The conclusions drawn from the analysis are as follows. First, self-discrepancy had a significant negative correlation with well-being and social support had a significant positive correlation with well-being. Second, contrary to the research hypothesis, social support had no moderating effect on the relationship between self-discrepancy and well-being. Based on these findings, the implications and the limitations of the research findings were discussed, and recommendations for future research were provided.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.234-245
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• 2015

This study was to investigate the effects of interpersonal relationships on job satisfaction of home-visiting care helpers and the category of interpersonal relationships was subdivided into elderly clients, guardians, colleagues and directors considering the person-to-person nature of home-visiting care helper's job characteristics. A group of 336 care helpers who engaged in home-visiting care service providing facilities in Daejeon City was selected as a research subject, and the data were analyzed with SPSS 22.0 program using reliability, frequency, correlation and hierarchical multiple regression. The results for the final analysis revealed that the effect of socio-demographic features was not significant while, among characteristics of job performances, work priority, turnover experience, and career choice reasons turned out to have significant impacts on job satisfaction. In particular, interpersonal relationships except the one with guardians were found to be the most influential variables and the effects of those relationships on job satisfaction were significant. The influencing power was stronger in relationships with director, elderly clients, and colleagues in order, and the job satisfaction level was higher as they were in better relationships with director, elderly clients, and colleagues. The results of this research shows that it is necessary to set an atmosphere where harmonious interpersonal relationships can be formed inside and outside of facilities in order to improve job satisfaction of home-visiting care helpers.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.258-269
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• 2017

This study was conducted to examine the predictive factors for health promotion behaviors of breast cancer patients, focusing on Pender's health promotion model (1996). Data were collected from 121 patients using a structured questionnaire from September 18 to October 26 in 2015. The data were analyzed with a t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression analysis using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The predictive factors for the health promotion behavior of the participants were social support, commitment to a plan of action, prior behavior, activity related effects, perceived self-efficacy, family function, perceived benefits of action, and situational influences. The total explanatory power of these factors was 57.8%. Development and application of a nursing intervention plan that enhances patient compliance with health promotion behavior is needed to enable breast cancer patients undergoing rehabilitation to maintain their optimal health and live a high-quality life. Patients who showed a low degree of predictive factors identified in this study are in particular need of attention.