• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.446-474
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• 2019

In conjunction with securing R&D competitiveness through technology convergence, there is a growing interest in the strategy to derive innovation based on the measurement of convergence. In this paper, we present a data-based model that suggests convergence strategies for the research projects of government research institutes (GRIs) in Korea. The convergence characteristics of the research projects are represented by inherent attributes of technology and behavioral attributes of actors. The measuring process of the proxy variables (Rao-Stirling and Herfindahl-Hirschman Indices) for each attributes are proposed. These two indices are used to construct the convergence diagram, through which the research projects of GRIs are distributed into four areas: AllianceIntra, Alliance-Inter, Competition, Mission-Oriented. Based on the convergence diagram proposed in this study the convergence index is measured to derive 30 convergence research areas of GRIs. As a result, we expect to provide appropriate guidelines for setting the policy direction of the convergence research projects.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.157-167
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• 2018

The shortage of research in Vietnam port evolvement is uncontroversial although a huge amount of investment is observed to upgrade both quantity and quality. This study examines the port system performance, in the context of spatially concentration ratio, in Southern Vietnam for the period 2007-2016, by using prevailing indicators for spatially concentration assessment including concentration ratios (CR), the Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI), the Gini coefficient, the Lorenz curve and shift-share analysis (SSA), a trend of deconcentration is described in Southern Vietnam port system, since the traditional ports to new deep-water ports. Also, driving forces of this shifting would be discussed in detail. Implications from this study would enable not only port administrators, port operators but also shipping lines, cargo owners, logistics service providers to comprehensively understand the growth of the port system in Southern Vietnam.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.107-114
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• 2018

Since China's economic reform in 1978, international trade has enormously flourished and the port industry is reckoned as a key factor contributing to this growth. This study examines the Bohai Rim port group in the scope of top three largest ports Qingdao, Dalian and Tianjin. By utilizing indicators including concentration ratio (CR), Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI), the Gini coefficient and the Lorenz curve as well as shift-share analysis (SSA), the concentration level of this port group in the period 2004-2016 is discussed. As a results, CR demonstrates a decrease during the studied period with a minor fluctuation, and HHI index shows a trend of deconcentration with Bohai Rim port group. In addition, SSA indicates that during the period 2004-2016, the overall shift index of Qingdao port was -1.371 meanwhile with Tianjin and Dalian port were 0.118 and 1.252 in turn. These results suggest that the growth in regional influence of Tianjin and Dalian ports would motivate to the deconcentration pattern in Bohai Rim region. The findings assist decision makers and scholars to obtain knowledge about the port development this region. Considering the geographic position of these three ports as the gate of northeast China, it is suggested that these three ports could explore their advantages and cooperate with the small ports in the surrounding area to enhance their influences in the future study.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.397-406
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• 2014

Recently, China has expanded enormously its economic trade exchange bilaterally with other nations and developed as the second largest aviation market in the world. While open skies bilateral agreements were signed between China and other countries, the agreement processes influenced the aviation market structure and market sharing heavily. This paper analyzed the Chinese aviation market by such three angles as market scale, competitive situation, and market concentration. It is concluded that the Chinese aviation market is the oligopolistic market structure tested by the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. Finally, suggestions are given to the airlines operating in China such as joining the air alliance, paying attention to a different frequent flyer program (FFP) etc.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.19-30
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• 2023

This study analyzed intra-regional disparities by using the concentration index of industrial organization theory. And the range of study is 11 cities in Chungcheongbuk-do province. This study aims to clarify the characteristics of the intra-regional disparities by using concentration ratio(CR) and Herfindahl-Hirschman Index. After the review of previous studies, we intend to study the intra-regional disparities using these two indexes. Target is the bio-health industry that all povinces in South Korea want to develop competitively. In addition the analysis was conducted by dividing the bio-health industry into four detailed fields(pharmaceuticals, medical devices, health functional foods, and cosmetics). These fields are based on the results of the city and county competitiveness-enhancing industry. The research results derived the intra-regional disparities index based on sales, the number of workers, and R&D expenses by detailed field. As a result it was confirmed that the strengths according to the detailed fields differed by region. It can be used as basic data in establishing differentiated industrial development strategies for each region in the future.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.105-120
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• 2017

This study analyzed changes in the competitive structure of the global shipping container market and the appropriate capacity of the container fleet in Korea from three perspectives. The competitive market analysis applied the market concentration ratio and Hirschman-Herfindahl index, while the appropriate capacity analysis was based on the following three aspects: (1) Fleet capacity to secure competitiveness in the global shipping alliance; (2) Fleet capacity to increase national fleet coverage of domestic import and export container cargo; and (3) Fleet capacity analysis through the panel model considering the characteristics of the major shipping countries. Analysis of the global shipping container market reveals an oligopoly industry, and Korea's container fleet capacity is insufficient across all three analyses.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.85-98
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• 2011

This paper attempts to develop an index of mobile telecommunications service quality through econometric analysis using data of the leading telco in each OECD country. CapEx of the operator was selected as a proxy variable to represent the quality of the service. To eliminate the part which is dependent on the population and size from CapEx, however, CapEx was regressed on population, area, 3G coverage, Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) of mobile market, EBITDA margin, and market share of the leading operator. Then, the part of CapEx, which was explained by size and population, was subtracted from CapEx, and the remaining part was regarded as the quality index of mobile telecommunications service. Comparisons among quality indexes of each country revealed that the service quality in Korea and Japan is better than that of France, UK and Germany.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.405-413
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to measure the level of competition in the degree of Regional Public Hospital that can provide a basis for establishing an effective management strategy and analysis of the financial performance. Investigation period of the Regional Public Hospital HHI(Herfindahl-Hirschman Index) over three years from 2010, which was unknown until 2012, index and management performance evaluation criteria, a total of 31 were selected as Regional Public Hospital surveyed. In the conclusions, it showed that the most concentrated market with high financial performance, a significant correlation between the degree of local competition and financial indicators showed. The Regional Public Hospital for trends according to the degree of competitive local medical market and therefore is required to establish policies and practices to ensure competitiveness and public interest in the region. The Regional Public Hospital in order to preempt the lead for the competitiveness of other institutions will be considered in the strategy, such as improving medical services and capital investment.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.139-146
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• 2016

Due to the continuous increasement of the container cargoes, each container port market has been growing as well. Moreover, the competition among container terminal operators located in the same port is also growing in order to attract more container cargoes. This paper looked into the market structures, market conducts and market performances of container ports in Busan and Shanghai. The index which has been most widely used to measure market structure, the Hirschman-Herfindahl Index (HHI), is computed by squaring each supplier's market share, then adding the squared shares. This paper estimated the market performance as profitability (PCM, ROA), growth (total TEU, rate of the increasement of TEU) and examined the effects of the HHI on the profitability and growth in a container terminal operators in Korea and China. The major findings of this study is that the market structure has effects on market performance in Busan port (total TEU) and Shanghai port (PCM, ROA and total TEU). As a result of analysing this study, market structure has an effect on market performance in Busan and Shanghai port, but the power of influence can be changed by market concentration index and various market conduct of companies.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.219-242
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• 2024

This study examined the output performance of papers published in international journals in the LIS field over the past 20 years and used the Gini coefficient and Hirschman-Herfindahl (HHI) index to understand the international gap in academic paper output and its changes. In addition, the characteristics of academic publications were visualized focusing on the top producing countries of academic papers, and differences according to sub-research areas were also identified. As a result of the analysis, first, although the United States and China are leading the publication of papers over the past five years, the results produced by the Netherlands showed relatively high influence and international and industrial cooperation results. Second, a high inter-country gap index (g= 0.7-0.8) has been maintained in terms of paper production and citation volume over the past 20 years, but the concentration of top countries is showing a trend of easing over time, as CR3 (Concentration Ration 3) decreased from 63.3% to 43.2%, HHI decreased from 2,129.6 to 976.1. Third, the LS field showed the highest gap between countries and a high degree of concentration centered on the United States, while the SM field was confirmed to be the most dispersed.