• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권10호
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• pp.4169-4172
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• 2015

Background: Oral carcinoma (OC) remains as one of the most difficult malignancies to cure. Hesa-A is an Iranian herbal-marine compound that has shown promising anti-tumor properties on various human cancer cells, although the mechanisms of action remain to be addressed. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of two doses of Hesa-A on mRNA expression of p53 as a main prognosticator of OC. Materials and Methods: 60 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 12 animals each. Rats in carcinoma groups received 0, 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight of Hesa-A three times a day. The two other groups considered as treated and untreated healthy groups. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and tongue tissues subjected to H and E staining and real time PCR. Results: Our results indicated that compared to healthy group, p53 over expressed ~ 40% in untreated carcinoma group. After treatment with 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weights of Hesa-A, p53 level dropped by 53.4% and 13.6 %, respectively, compared to untreated carcinoma group (p<0.05, p<0.0001). Moreover, there was a significant relation between p53 mRNA content and observed pathological changes in studied groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: These data provide insights into the mechanism(s) by which Hesa-A improves clinical outcome of oral carcinoma by modulation of p53 expression.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2845-2850
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent diseases in women today. Little information exists on modifiable lifestyle factors including effects of ginger supplements (as an anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory herbal) and water-based exercise on biomarkers related to oxidative stress such as malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and adiponectin in obese women with breast cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the single and concomitant effect of 6-wks water-based exercise and oral ginger supplement on the aforesaid markers in obese women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Forty women diagnosed with breast cancer ($48{\pm}5.4$ years, $76{\pm}9$ kg, fat mass $41.8{\pm}4%$), volunteered to participate in the study. Subjects were randomly assigned into four groups; placebo, water-based exercise, ginger supplement and water-based exercise+ginger supplement groups. Subjects in the ginger supplement group and the water-based exercise+ginger supplement group orally received 4 capsules (each capsule contained 750 mg), 7 days a week for 6 weeks. The water-based exercise program featured progressive increase in intensity and time, ranging from 50% to 75% of heart rate reserve, in a pool with 15 meters width, 4 times a week for 6 weeks. Fasting blood samples were collected at pre-test and post-test time points. Results: The ginger supplementation and or the water-base exercise resulted in an increase of adiponectin, NO and GPx and reduction MDA, as compared to pre-test values. However, the combined intervention (water-base exercise and ginger supplement) group showed significantly a far better effect on the biomarkers related to oxidative stress and adiponectin levels, as compared to the waterbase exercise or ginger supplement alone groups and the age-matched placebo group. Conclusions: Our results revealed that water-base exercise is a non-drug therapeutic strategy to reduce systemic stress in obese women suffering from breast cancer. Further, ginger supplementation alone or in combination with training, also play an important role in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in obese women diagnosed with breast cancer.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.16-17
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• 2003

Objectives : This study was designed to evaluate effects of 'Soyeum' on cancer patients accompanied by pain. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 9 patients accompanied by pain who had been injected with 'Soyeum' for over 14 days continuously in East-West Cancer Center of Oriental Hospital of Daejeon University from June 2002 through august 2002. Results : The statistical significance between the pre-treatment and post-treatment results (Changes of Cytokine Level, QOL, BPQ and Pain relief after pain management) were analyzed. Analysis of cytokines (IL-12, IFN- ) level showed that the percentage of increase of lL-12 is $60\%$, IFN- is $60\%$. Analysis of QOL showed that the percentage of maintenance and improvement is $77.8\%$. $55.5\%$ of the patients reported a 'worst pain' intensity score of 3 or greater, $44.5\%$ reported a 'least pain' intensity score of 2 or greater, and $66.7\%$ reported 'average pain' intensity score of 2 or greater. $33.3\%$ of the patients were in pain at the time of interview and $22.2\%$ had a current intensity score of 2 or greater. Analysis of pain relief after pain management showed that the percentage of pain relief score of 2 and 3 is $55.6\%$. The data was expressed as Mean SE by using descriptive statistics. Statistical significance examined by using paired t-test. Conclusions : It is suggested that 'Soyeum' has effects on pain of cancer patients, also expected that 'Soyeum' is useful to improve immunoactivity and for cancer patients

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1635-1644
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• 2018

Asterias amurensis (starfish) is a marine organism that is harmful to the fishing industry, but is also a potential source of functional materials. The present study was conducted to analyze the profiles of fatty acids extracted from A. amurensis tissues and their anti-inflammatory effects on RAW264.7 macrophage cells. In different tissues, the component ratios of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids differed; particularly, polyunsaturated fatty acids such as dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3) were considerably different. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, fatty acids from A. amurensis skin, gonads, and digestive glands exhibited anti-inflammatory activities by reducing nitric oxide production and inducing nitric oxide synthase gene expression. Asterias amurensis fatty acids effectively suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, interleukin-$1{\beta}$, and interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cells. Cyclooxygenase-2 and prostaglandin $E_2$, which are critical inflammation biomarkers, were also significantly suppressed. Furthermore, A. amurensis fatty acids reduced the phosphorylation of nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ p-65, p38, extracellular signal-related kinase 1/2, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, indicating that these fatty acids ameliorated inflammation through the nuclear $factor-{\kappa}B$ and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. These results provide insight into the anti-inflammatory mechanism of A. amurensis fatty acids on immune cells and suggest that the species is a potential source of anti-inflammatory molecules.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2004

Objectives : The aim was to identify the inhibitory effects of Liriopis Tuber on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis by analysing the changes of imflammatory cell cytokines and SHI(Semiquantitative Histological Index), Materials and Methods : In this study fibrosis prone C57BL/6J mice were used. Control group was treated with blomycin(0.06mg/0.1 ml) by IT(intratracheal) instillation which is a popular method of inducing lung fibrosis and sample group took Liriopis Tuber water extract(38.0mg/10g body weight) orally for 14 days after IT instillation of blomycin. We measured the total and differential count of WBC, $IFN-{\gamma}$ & IL-4 in mice BALF and SHI(Semiquantitative Histological Index) from lung tissues of mice. BALF and lung tissues of mice were taken 14 days after IT instillation of blomycin. Results : In sample group total WBC count, proportion of neutrophil, SHI and IL-4 significantly(p<0.05) decreased, proportion of macrophage significantly(p<0.05) increased and proportion of lymphocyte, $IFN-{\gamma}$ did not decrease significantly. Conclusions : This study suggests that Liriopis Tuber has an inhibitory effects of pulmonary fibrosis by attenuation of inflammation and Th2 immune response. To determine whether this herbal medicine contribute to cure and prophylaxis of pulmonary fibrosis, further studies on the role of $IFN-{\gamma}$ relating to fibrosis are required.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1457-1470
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• 2005

The Medical records (醫案) are very important materials in studying the developmental process of traditional Korean medicine. In this study, we investigated the medical records which are described in Naekyung-pyun(內景篇) of Dongeuibogam(東醫寶鑑), the most famous medical literature in Korean. There are 50 medical records in Naekyung-pyun and all of these records are cited from 12 Chinese medical literatures. The medical records were mainly cited from medical literatures written in Jin-Yuan(金元) and Ming(明) dynasty such as Yixuegangmu(醫學綱目) and Danxizanyao(丹溪纂要), although most records were written by medical scholars in Jin-Yuan(金元) dynasty, including Zhudanxi(朱丹溪) and Zhangzihe(張子和). Most of records were omitted and/or modified reflecting the Purpose of editors of Dongeuibogam. In addition, medical essay(醫論) was changed into medical record in some cases. The authors of the records used oral medication, acupuncture-moxa, psychological treatment and surgical manners. And in some cases of only having principal of treatment, the editors newly added the herbal prescription. The further study on medical records in Korean traditional medicinal literatures, would reveal the developmental progress of Korean medicine and inform more actual proof on medical condition.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.48-60
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study is to optimize the extraction of beneficial substance from Cudrania tricuspidata leaves grown at Jirisan Mountain in South Korea by three different solvents depending on extraction time and at different temperature. Methods: The total phenolic contents were determined by the method reported by $S{\acute{a}}nchez$-Moreno et al. The total flavonoid contents were analyzed by Slinkard and Singleton. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was determined according to the method reported by Blois Results: The extraction yield for each solvent is 9.05-14.1%, 2.17-5.67%, and 2.3-3.9% for D.W., ethanol, and hexane, respectively. The overall results were maximized for the extract obtained with D.W. for 5 min at $100^{\circ}C$. The average phenol contents were 77.11, 45.64, and 0.343 mg/g at $100^{\circ}C$ in water, $78^{\circ}C$ in ethanol, and $68^{\circ}C$ in hexane, respectively. The flavonoid contents were the highest in the materials extracted with D.W., and were increased with increasing temperature, regardless of the extraction solvents, whether water (green), polar organic ethanol, or nonpolar organic hexane. In the ethanol extract, the flavonoid contents are increased gradually from 5.66 mg/g to 7.73 mg/g. The total flavonoid contents were proportional to the concentrations of the water extracts, ranging from 4.14 mg/g to 48.89 mg/g. The antioxidative activities of the water-extracted compounds are generally increased with increasing temperature from 42.5% to 85.5%. Those of the hexane extracts are increased slowly from 3.79% to 8.8%, while those of ethanol extracts are increased from 29.8% to 47.4%. Conclusion: The extraction yields were dependent upon solvents for extraction as well as extraction time and the temperature. The optimal extraction time was 5 min and the extraction yields were increased with increasing temperature excepted hexane. Of the three tested extraction solvents, the greenest solvent of water shows excellent results, suggesting that water is among the most effective solvents for natural sample extractions for general medicinal, pharmaceutical, and food applications.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.211-230
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• 2006

In oriental medicine, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens & Jujubae Fructus are frequently used materials for the digestive system, outer harmful qi(外感) and dam-yeum(痰飮). Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(方藥合編) is widely used for clinical herbal prescription book. In Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(方藥合編), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens is used 3pyun(片)(4g) and Jujubae Fructus is used 2mae(4g). The most important fact is that, in contrast to most people know that chyranthis Bidentatae Radix & Jujubae Fructus are used most prescription at the same time, the prescription used chyranthis Bidentatae Radix & Jujubae Fructus at the same time is merely 77. (Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun percentage of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens & Jujubae Fructus is 16.48%). The number of prescription Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens & Jujubae Fructus in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is total 173. 42 in sang-tong(上統), 86 in jung-tong(中統), 45 in ha-tong(下統). The group of mostly used disease is about outer harmful qi(外感) and dam-yeum(痰飮). The ratio of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is 3.70%~100%. And the ratio of Jujubae Fructus is 0.45%~29.14%. The mostly quoted medical literature what prescription included Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens & Jujubae Fructus in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is Tae-Pypng-Ha-Jae-Guk-Bang.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.231-238
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• 2006

In oriental medicine, Polygalae Radix & Acori Graminei Rhizoma are frequently used materials for the cardiac disorder(palpitaion), brain disorder(sleep disorder, forgetfulness, confused mind, dizziness). Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(方藥合編) is widely used for clinical herbal prescription book. In Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(方藥合編), Polygalae Radix is usually used 1don(錢)(4g) and Acori Graminei Rhizoma is used 1don(錢)(4g). The most important fact is that, in contrast to most people know that Polygalae Radix & Acori Graminei Rhizoma are used most prescription at the same time, the prescription used Polygalae Radix & Acori Graminei Rhizoma at the same time is merely 3. (Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun percentage of Polygalae Radix & Acori Graminei Rhizoma is 0.64%). The number of prescription Polygalae Radix & Acori Graminei Rhizoma in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is total 16. 10 in sang-tong(上統), 4 in jung-tong(中統), 2 in ha-tong(下統). The ratio of Polygalae Radix in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is 0.41%~14.28%. And the ratio of Acori Graminei Rhizoma is 4%~16.66%. The mostly quoted medical literature what prescription included Polygalae Radix & Acori Graminei Rhizoma in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is Tae-Pypng-Ha-Jae-Guk-Bang.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.247-261
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• 2006

In oriental medicine, Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus are frequently used materials for anti-inflammatory effect especially urinary tract disease and for neuropsychosis. Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(方藥合編) is widely used for clinical herbal prescription book. In Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun(방약합편), Rhei Radix et Rhizoma is used 0.8g~16g. and Gardeniae Fructus is used 1.2g~6g. The most important fact is that the prescriptions used Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus at the same time are 4(Yang-Gyuk-San, Pal-Jung-San, Sa-Chung-Hwan, Suk-Gyul-Myung-San. The ratio of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus are 2:1, 1:1, 1:1, 1:2 ). The number of prescription Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is total 45. 1 in sang-tong(上統), 5 in jung-tong(中統), 39 in ha-tong(下統). The group of mostly used disease is about urinary tract. The ratio of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun is 3.33%~57.14%. And the ratio of Gardeniae Fructus is 3.47%~98%. The mostly quoted medical literature what prescription included Rhei Radix et Rhizoma & Gardeniae Fructus in Bang-Yak-Hap-Pyun are Dong-Yi-Bo-Gam and Man-byung-hoe-chun.