• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권11호
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• pp.4322-4328
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• 2022

The two-fluid model is widely used to describe two-phase flows in complex systems such as nuclear reactors. Although the two-phase flow was successfully simulated, the standard two-fluid model suffers from an ill-posed nature. There are several remedies for the ill-posedness of the one-dimensional (1D) two-fluid model; among those, artificial viscosity is the focus of this study. Some previous works added artificial diffusion terms to both mass and momentum equations to render the two-fluid model well-posed and demonstrated that this method provided a numerically converging model. However, they did not consider mass conservation, which is crucial for analyzing a closed reactor system. In fact, the total mass is not conserved in the previous models. This study improves the artificial viscosity model such that the 1D incompressible two-fluid model is well-posed, and the total mass is conserved. The water faucet and Kelvin-Helmholtz instability flows were simulated to test the effect of the proposed artificial viscosity model. The results indicate that the proposed artificial viscosity model effectively remedies the ill-posedness of the two-fluid model while maintaining a negligible total mass error.

• Advances in Computational Design
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.273-293
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• 2023

This study evaluated the acoustic performance of two configurations of serial HR arrays and lined HR arrays in the presence of grazing flow using a 3D numerical simulation. The dual, triple, and quad HR arrays were compared to the conventional HR array. The simulation results showed that the number of resonant frequencies increased with the number of serial HR arrays. The C_TL did not significantly change with the number of serial HR arrays. The acoustic performance of the two, three, and four-lined HR arrays was compared to the conventional HR array. The results showed that the resonant frequency and TLmax increased with the number of lined HR arrays. The C_TL also increased with the number of lined HR arrays. The effect of the grazing flow Mach number (M_a) was investigated on the four-lined HR array configuration and compared to the conventional HR configuration. TLmax and C_TL decreased for both configurations with increasing M_a. The four-lined HR array configuration had significantly better acoustic performance than the conventional HR configuration. The TLmax and C_TL increased by more than 300% when the configuration was changed from the conventional HR to the four-lined HR array at M_a = 0.The increment percentage decreased with increasing M_a.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제89권3호
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• pp.265-281
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• 2024

The sound radiation responses of multi-layer composite plates subjected to harmonic mechanical excitation in hygrothermal environment is numerically investigated. A homogenized micromechanical finite element (FE) based on the higher-order mid-plane kinematics replicating quadratic function as well as the through the thickness stretching effect together with the indirect boundary element (IBE) scheme has been first time employed. The isoparametric Lagrangian element (ten degrees of freedom per node) is used for discretization to attain the hygro-thermo-elastic natural frequencies and the modes of the plate via Hamilton's principle. The effective material properties under combined hygrothermal loading are considered via a micromechanical model. An IBE method is then implemented to attain structure-surrounding coupling and the Helmholtz wave equation is solved to compute the sound radiation responses. The effectiveness of the model is tested by converging it with the similar analytical/numerical results as well as the experimentally acquired data. The present scheme is further hold out for solving diverse numerical illustrations. The results revealed the relevance of the current higher-order FE-IBE micromechanical model in realistic estimation of hygro-thermo-acoustic responses. The geometrical parameters, volume fraction of fiber, layup, and support conditions alongside the hygrothermal load is found to have significant influence on the vibroacoustic characteristics.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권12호
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• pp.4491-4503
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• 2023

This study aimed to verify and validate the transient simulation capability of the hybrid code system RAST-F for fast reactor analysis. For this purpose, control rod (CR) drop experiments involving eight separate CRs and six CR groups in the China Experimental Fast Reactor (CEFR) start-up tests were utilized to simulate the CR drop transient. The RAST-F numerical solution, including the neutron population, time-dependent reactivity, and CR worth, was compared against the measurement values obtained from two out-of-core detectors. Moreover, the time-dependent reactivity and CR worth from RAST-F were verified against the results obtained by the Monte Carlo code Serpent using continuous energy nuclear data. A code-to-code comparison between Serpent and RAST-F showed good agreement in terms of time-dependent reactivity and CR worth. The discrepancy was less than 160 pcm for reactivity and less than 110 pcm for CR worth. RAST-F solution was almost identical to the measurement data in terms of neutron population and reactivity. All the calculated CR worth results agreed with experimental results within two standard deviations of experimental uncertainty for all CRs and CR groups. This work demonstrates that the RAST-F code system can be a potential tool for analyzing time-dependent phenomena in fast reactors.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.40-47
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• 2013

하이브리드 로켓은 고체로켓과 매우 흡사한 내부유동 특성을 가지고 있으므로 와류흘림(vortex shedding)은 하이브리드 로켓에서도 연소안정성에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자로 판단된다. 본 연구에서는 예연소실에서 와류를 발생시켜 연료 표면와류와의 간섭과 연소특성 변화를 관찰하였다. 기본 형상과 디스크를 장착한 실험 결과, 5개의 주파수 특성이 관찰되었으며 이들은 각각 추진제의 열적지연에 의한 주파수, 디스크, 연료 단면, 후연소실 단면 변화에 의한 와류흘림과 관련된 주파수임을 확인하였다. 특히 디스크 1과 3의 결과를 비교해 보면 디스크 위치에 따라 변화하는 와류흘림이 연소실의 특정 주파수 특성과 상호 간섭하여 공진이 발생하기도 하지만, 또 다른 경우에는 어떠한 간섭도 일어나지 않는 것을 확인하였다. 이러한 선택적 공진현상은 하이브리드 로켓의 비선형 연소안정성 발생을 설명할 수 있는 중요한 메카니즘으로 판단된다.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.93-115
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• 2013

This paper describes a study of the influence of a dynamically flexible building structure on pressures inside and net pressures on the roof of low-rise buildings with a dominant opening. It is shown that dynamic interaction between the flexible roof and the internal pressure results in a coupled system that is similar to a two-degree-of-freedom mechanical system consisting of two mass-spring-damper systems with excitation forces acting on both the masses. Two resonant modes are present, the natural frequencies of which can readily be obtained from the model. As observed with quasi-static building flexibility, the effect of increased dynamic flexibility is to reduce the first natural frequency as well as the corresponding peak value of the admittance, the latter being the result of increased damping effects. Consequently, it is found that the internal and net roof pressure fluctuations (RMS coefficients) are also reduced with dynamic flexibility. This model has been validated from experiments conducted using a cylindrical model with a leeward end flexible diaphragm, whereby good match between predicted and measured natural frequencies, and trends in peak admittances and RMS responses with flexibility, were obtained. Furthermore, since significant differences exist between internal and net roof pressure responses obtained from the dynamic flexibility model and those obtained from the quasi-static flexibility model, it is concluded that the quasi-static flexibility assumption may not be applicable to dynamically flexible buildings. Additionally, since sensitivity analyses reveal that the responses are sensitive to both the opening loss coefficient and the roof damping ratio, careful estimates should therefore be made to these parameters first, if predictions from such models are to have significance to real buildings.

• 한국음향학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국음향학회 2000년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집 제19권 1호
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• pp.233-236
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• 2000

The acoustical response of fish depends on size and physical structure na, most important, on the presence or absence of a swimbladder. Acoustic scattering models for swimbladdered fish represent a fish by an ideal pressure-release surface having the size and shape as the swimbladder. Target strength experiments of red seabream (Chrysophrys major) have been conducted using 38 (split-beam), 120 (split-beam) and 200kHz (dual-beam) frequencies. At each start of each experiment, the live fish are placed in the cage at the surface, then the cage is lowed to about $4{\cal}m$ depth where it remains during the measurements. To test the acoustic models, predictions of target strength based on swimbladder morphometries of 10 red seabream offish total length from $103{\cal}mm{\;}to{\;}349{\cal}mm$ ($3 <$TL/\lambda$ < 45)are compared with conventional target strength measurements on the same, shock-frozen immediately after caged experiments. X-ray was projected along dorsal aspect to know the morphological construction of swimbladder. and fish body. At high frequencies, Helmholtz-kirchhoff(HK) approximation would greatly enhance swimbladdered fish modeling. Sound scattering model [HK-ray approximation model] for comparison to experimental target strength data was used to model backscatter measurements from individual fish. The scattering data can be used in the inverse method along with multiple frequency sonar systems to investigate the adequacy of classification and identification of fish

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.297-307
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• 2020

In the study, energy flow analysis is performed to predict the performance of silencers. To date, deterministic approaches such as finite element method have been widely used for silencer analysis. However, they have limitations in analyzing large structures and mid-high frequency ranges due to unreasonable computational costs and errors. However, silencers used for ships and off-shore plants are much larger than those used in other engineering fields. Hence, energy governing equation, which is significantly efficient for systems with high modal density, is solved for silencers in ships and off-shore plants. The silencer is divided into two different acoustic media, air and absorption materials. The discontinuity of energy density at interfaces is solved via hypersingular integrals for the 3-D modified Helmholtz equation to analyze multi-domain problems with the energy flow boundary element method. The method is verified by comparing the measurements and analysis results for ship silencers over mid-high frequency ranges. The comparisons confirm good agreement between the measurement and analysis results. We confirm that the applied analysis method is useful for large silencers in mid-high frequency ranges. With the proven procedures, energy flow analysis can be performed for various types of silencer used in ships and off-shore plants in the first stage of the design.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.356-363
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• 2003

플랜트, 산업용 설비로서 사용되어지고 있는 강관의 결함 검출을 위한 와전류검사장비를 개발하였다. 강관은 내부 불균일 한 전자기적 특성을 포함하고 있는 자성체로서 와전류검사의 응답신호를 왜곡시키므로 이러한 전자기적 특성의 균일화를 위해 자기포화가 요구된다. 자기포화가 없을 경우 결함신호는 잡음신호와 구별되지 않았으나 약 0.62A의 전류가 코일에 가해졌을 때 자기포화되어 결함을 검출 할 수 있었다 자기포화형 탐촉자는 헬름홀츠 코일을 적용하여 제작하였고 내부 대역 통과필터를 이용하여 직류자기장으로 야기되는 잡음신호를 최소화하였다. 개발된 장비를 이용한 현장실험 결과 1m/sec의 이송속도에서 관통홀$({\phi}=2.0mm)$ 결함을 정확히 검출 할 수 있었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제22권10호
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• pp.1005-1011
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 일반적인 분산 매질의 전자기 과도 응답을 해석하기 위하여 헬름홀츠 방정식에 근거한 MODFDM(Marching-on-in-Degree Finite Difference Method) 기법을 제안한다. 라게르 함수의 특성을 이용하여 시간에 대한 미분항과 상승 적분(convolution integral)의 근사를 해석적으로 처리하였다. 본 기법의 기본적인 독창성은 전장과 전속 밀도, 유전율 등을 모두 라게르 함수로 전개한 다음, 갤러킨 시험 과정을 적용하여 시간 변수를 완전히 제거하였을 뿐만 아니라, 기존의 FDTD(Finite Difference Time-Domain) 방법과 달리 최종 계산식에 공간적인 유한 차분만을 적용하는데 있다. 일반적인 분산 매질의 해석에 적용 가능함을 보이기 위하여 대표적인 드바이, 드루드 및 로렌츠 분산 매질에 대한 전자기 과도 응답을 수치예로 보인다.